90 research outputs found
Invasion strategies in clonal aquatic plants: Are phenotypic differences caused by phenotypic plasticity or local adaptation?
No full textBackground and Aims: The successful spread of invasive plants in new environments is often linked to multiple introductions and a diverse gene pool that facilitates local adaptation to variable environmental conditions. For clonal plants, however, phenotypic plasticity may be equally important. Here the primary adaptive strategy in three non-native, clonally reproducing macrophytes (Egeria densa, Elodea canadensis and Lagarosiphon major) in New Zealand freshwaters were examined and an attempt was made to link observed differences in plant morphology to local variation in habitat conditions. Methods: Field populations with a large phenotypic variety were sampled in a range of lakes and streams with different chemical and physical properties. The phenotypic plasticity of the species before and after cultivation was studied in a common garden growth experiment, and the genetic diversity of these same populations was also quantified. Key Results: For all three species, greater variation in plant characteristics was found before they were grown in standardized conditions. Moreover, field populations displayed remarkably little genetic variation and there was little interaction between habitat conditions and plant morphological characteristics. Conclusions: The results indicate that at the current stage of spread into New Zealand, the primary adaptive strategy of these three invasive macrophytes is phenotypic plasticity. However, while limited, the possibility that genetic diversity between populations may facilitate ecotypic differentiation in the future cannot be excluded. These results thus indicate that invasive clonal aquatic plants adapt to new introduced areas by phenotypic plasticity. Inorganic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous were important in controlling plant size of E. canadensis and L. major, but no other relationships between plant characteristics and habitat conditions were apparent. This implies that within-species differences in plant size can be explained by local nutrient conditions. All together this strongly suggests that invasive clonal aquatic plants adapt to a wide range of habitats in introduced areas by phenotypic plasticity rather than local adaptation. © 2010 The Author. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved
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Benno von Wiese
No full textThe author have researched the history of science, scholarship and German studies, with particular focus on the career of the influential German literary scholar Benno von Wiese (1903-1987). The book on von Wiese deals with his supportive yet ambivalent role during National Socialism from 1933-1945 and how he dealt with this (personal and collective German) period in post-war Germany
A Note on Case-Based Optimization with a Non-Degenerate Similarity Function
No full textThe paper applies the ��realistic-ambitious�� rule for adaptation of the aspiration level suggested by Gilboa and Schmeidler (1996) to a situation in which the similarity between the available acts is represented by a non-degenerate function. The paper shows that the optimality result obtained by Gilboa and Schmeidler (1996) in general fails. With a concave similarity function, the best corner act is chosen in the limit. Introducing convex regions into the similarity function improves the limit choice. A sufficiently fine similarity function allows to approximate optimal behavior with an arbitrary degree of precision.
Stable bundles over rig categories
No full textThe point of this paper is to prove the conjecture that virtual 2-vector
bundles are classified by K(ku), the algebraic K-theory of topological
K-theory. Hence, by the work of Ausoni and the fourth author, virtual 2-vector
bundles give us a geometric cohomology theory of the same telescopic complexity
as elliptic cohomology. The main technical step is showing that for
well-behaved small rig categories R (also known as bimonoidal categories) the
algebraic K-theory space, K(HR), of the ring spectrum HR associated to R is
equivalent to Z \times |BGL(R)|^+, where GL(R) is the monoidal category of
weakly invertible matrices over R. If \pi_0R is a ring this is almost formal,
and our approach is to replace R by a ring completed version provided by
[BDRR1] whose \pi_0 is the ring completion of \pi_0R.Comment: Accepted for publication by the Journal of Topolog
Transgressive femininity: gender in the Scandinavian Modern Breakthrough
No full textThis PhD thesis deals with how new discourses on femininity and gender developed in
Scandinavian literature during the Modern Breakthrough, 1880-1909. Political,
economic and demographic changes in the Scandinavian societies put pressures on the
existing, conventional gender roles, which literature reflects; however, literature also
created and introduced new discourses on gender.
The main focus has been on transgressive female characters in Danish, Swedish
and Norwegian novels, which I have seen as indicators of emerging new forms of
femininity. The study shows how the transgression of gender boundaries is used in the
novels, when presenting their views on what femininity is, should be or could be. In
addition to analysing the textual strategies in the representation of these ‘deviant’
literary characters, I have examined how the relevant texts were received by critics and
reviewers at the time, as reviews are in themselves discursive constructs.
The theoretical basis of this study has mainly been Michel Foucault’s discourse
theory, Judith Butler’s theory of performativity and Yvonne Hirdman’s theory of
gender binarism. I have also used concepts from several (mainly Anglo-American and
Scandinavian) literary gender theorists and historians in the analyses.
The four novels analysed in this study are as follows: 1) Danish author Herman
Bang’s early decadence novel Haabløse Slægter (1880), where I use a queer theory
perspective. 2) Norwegian author Ragnhild Jølsen’s Rikka Gan (1904), where the
strong elements of pre-psychoanalysis are analysed. 3) Swedish author August
Strindberg’s Le Plaidoyer d’un fou (1887-88), where I make a narratological
examination of the narrative voice from a gender perspective. 4) Swedish author Annie
Quiding’s Fru Fanny (1904), analysed as an example of ‘negative’ New Woman
literature.
The thesis shows how literature of the time represented and introduced new forms
of femininity, often in the form of ambiguous female characters, and often to the
disapproval of the critics. It also shows that gender discourses were much alike within
Scandinavia. Furthermore, my study lays bare the skeleton of normative Breakthrough femininity, what can be called the dominant discourse on femininity at the time: a nonexisting
sexual desire, feminine immobility/containment in the home and an imperative,
self-sacrificing motherliness
Bibliographics for the 983 eprints in the live archives of E-LIS : trends and status report up to 7th July 2004, based on author-self-archiving metadata
No full textThe priority for ideas and philosophy related to "Network Theory" have been traced back and documented by Braun(2004),and credit goes to Karinthy(1929).The IT has empowered to realise it, as the most practical phenomena and it is no more a humour. The OAI (Open Archives Initiatives)and ACIS (Academic Contributor Information System)are progressive in the direction ,which may lead to realise the "Collective Genius" at global level. Focus of present study is on Author-Self-Archiving (A-S-A)Metadata of the 983 Eprints in the Live Archives of the E-LIS (EPrints of Library and Information Science),which were approved till 7th July 2004.The A-S-A Metadata was used for librametric analysis. Self-explanatory bibliographics are illustrated.The highlights include: Conference papers (34%); highest approval, June 2004 (28%); published archives (76%);not refereed (52%); not in public domain (60%); highest self-archiving-author (De Robbio, Antonella).The Nos. of EPrints having single JITA domain specifications were: Theoretical and general aspects of libraries and information(27); Information use and sociology of information(80);Users,literacy and reading(13);Libraries as physical collections(30);Publishing and legal issues(57);Management(13);Industry, profession and education(36);Information sources, supports, channels(113) ; Information treatment for information services, Information functions and techniques (101); Technical services libraries, archives and museums(25); Housing technologies(1); Information technology and library technology(92); and Inter-domainery (395) i.e. having specifications of two or more than two JITA classes
klassifisering av snøskredterreng for trygg ferdsel
No full textRapporten oppsummerer resultater og erfaringer fra FoU-prosjekt 81072 Pilotstudie: Kartlegging av snøskredterreng med ATES (Avalanche Terrain Exposure Scale). Det er i løpet av prosjektperioden:
• Oversatt og testet ATES’ tekniske modell i Norge.
• Utviklet en foreløpig mal for hvordan snøskredterrengklassifisering kan gjennomføres i Norge.
• Gjennomført snøskredterrengklassifisering for noen utvalgte populære toppturfjell i Troms, Romsdalen og Hurrungane.
• Opprettet kontakt med mulige formidlere av kartlagt
terreng i Romsdalen og Tromsø.
• ATES brukes som et HMS-tiltak for NVE sine
snøskredobservatører.
• Holdt en workshop mai 2013 på Turtagrø om ATES
klassifisering i Norge.
• Initiert samarbeid mellom andre europeiske brukere av ATES, der i blant Sverige. Initiert samarbeid om mulig samkjøring av ATE
Pilotstudie: snøskredfarekartlegging med ATES (Avalanche Terrain Exposure Scale ) : FoU-prosjekt 81072
No full textRapporten oppsummerer resultater og erfaringer fra FoU-prosjekt 81072 Pilotstudie: Kartlegging av snøskredterreng med ATES (Avalanche Terrain Exposure Scale). Det er i løpet av prosjektperioden:
• Oversatt og testet ATES’ tekniske modell i Norge.
• Utviklet en foreløpig mal for hvordan snøskredterrengklassifisering kan gjennomføres i Norge.
• Gjennomført snøskredterrengklassifisering for noen utvalgte populære toppturfjell i Troms, Romsdalen og Hurrungane.
• Opprettet kontakt med mulige formidlere av kartlagt
terreng i Romsdalen og Tromsø.
• ATES brukes som et HMS-tiltak for NVE sine
snøskredobservatører.
• Holdt en workshop mai 2013 på Turtagrø om ATES
klassifisering i Norge.
• Initiert samarbeid mellom andre europeiske brukere av ATES, der i blant Sverige. Initiert samarbeid om mulig samkjøring av ATE
The Web of Community Trust - Amateur Fiction Online: A Case Study in Community Focused Design for the Semantic Web
No full textThis thesis describes a case study online community: online amateur authors. Taking this case study community as a base, this thesis considers how the concept of community is applied within the Semantic Web domain. Considering the community structures that can be demonstrated through the case study, this thesis makes the case for the recognition of a specific type of social network structure, one that fulfills the traditional definitions of ‘community’. We argue that this sub-type occupies an important position within social networks and our understanding of them due to the structures required for them to be so defined and that there are assumptions and inferences which can be made about nodes within this type of community group but not others. Having detailed our case study community and the type of network it represents, this thesis goes on to consider how the community could be supported beyond the mailing lists and journalling sites upon which it currently relies. Through our investigation of the community’s issues and requirements, we focus on identity and explore this concept within the context of community membership. Further we analyse the community practice of metadata annotation, in comparison to other metadata systems such as tagging, and as it related to the development of the community. We propose a number of ontological models which we argue could assist the community and, finally, consider ways in which these models could be made available to the community in keeping with current practice and level of technical knowledge as evidenced by the community
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