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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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Food Preference, Survivorship, and Intraspecific Interactions of Velvety Tree Ants
Get PDFLiometopum apiculatum Mayr, L. luctuosum Wheeler, and L. occidentale Emery are found in western North America and are referred to as velvety tree ants. They are usually associated with trees, but in recent years both L. luctuosum and L. occidentale have been reported as urban pests causing structural damage. Very little is known about the biology of these species.Liometopum occidentale foragers readily consumed sucrose, glucose and honey sucanat solutions. Solid protein baits containing anchovy were retrieved by workers. In the early summer, foragers consumed more of the same types of foods during the day and at night. Even though workers are polymorphic, they all consumed about 0.25 mg of a 25% sucrose solution, providing a mechanism of determining foraging activity by measuring sugar water removal from monitoring stations. Baits containing 25% sucrose would be effective if suitable toxicants can be identified.Liometopum luctuosum is restricted to the coniferous forests in the mountains in the southern range of its distribution, suggesting that it may be less xeric adapted than L. occidentale. When exposed the various temperatures and relative humidities, L. luctuosum workers survived significantly longer than L. occidentale. Furthermore, L. luctuosum lost significantly more water over 24 h than did L. occidentale at 25.6 and 33.0°C. The cuticular permeability (CP) of L. luctuosum was 17.8 and 19.1, while CP of L. occidentale was 17.0 and 19.8 at 25.3° and 33°C. The similarity of the CPs and the comparison of the effect of saturation deficit on survival indicated that water loss alone through the cuticle was probably not the major factor affecting survival. The CPs of both species suggests they are adapted for xeric conditions; but, also capable of surviving in mesic climates.Liometopum occidentale nests are quite inaccessible making it extremely difficult to examine entire colonies and determine colony structure. A segment of the mitochondrial (mtDNA) COI gene was used to determine that L. occidentale nest contain either one queen or multiple maternally related queens. Observations of the behaviors displayed by workers from colonies separated in an urban landscape showed that there is a slight but significant correlation between geographic distance and their level of aggression
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Identification and Characterization of Trail Pheromones and Queen Pheromones in the Argentine Ant, Linepithema humile (Mayr)
Get PDFPheromones are integral to the communicative feedback loops that govern colony cohesion in social insects. These pheromones may be glandular in origin, as with trail pheromones, or may be deposited on the cuticle, like cuticular hydrocarbons. Whether glandular or cuticular, pheromones are often complex mixtures that include multiple glandular products. The first part of this dissertation identifies the volatile and cuticular chemicals found in the different castes and developmental stages of the Argentine ant, Linepithema humile (Mayr). Volatile headspace collections were made for live and macerated samples of queens, virgin female reproductives (gynes), males, workers, gyne larvae, and worker larvae. Queens and workers differed significantly in their relative proportions of dolichodial and iridomyrmecin, and also qualitatively in their saturated hydrocarbons (SHCs) and unsaturated hydrocarbons (UHCs). Queens were characterized by an abundance of 5-Me and 5,11-dimethylalkanes and a homologous series of long-chain UHCs. In Chapter 3, I explored the relative contributions of three worker-derived compounds to worker trail-following response and determined the absolute configuration of ant-derived (natural) iridomyrmecin. Of the three compounds only Z9-16:Ald induced trail-following in worker. Natural iridomyrmecin was 94.5% (+)-iridomyrmecin, with small amounts of (+)- and (-)-isoiridomyrmecin. In Chapter 4 I showed that both saturated and unsaturated CHCs are required to inhibit workers from rearing new queens in queenless colonies, although the active queen pheromone components could not be delineated further. Finally, using four different diets ranging from nutrient-poor to highly-enriched, it was discovered that enriched and highly-enriched diets actually suppressed queen production. Queens from these colonies had significantly higher juvenile hormone levels than did queens fed standard diets
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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