1,720,958 research outputs found
Visual security: patterns and prospects
No full textIn this chapter, Roland Bleiker reflects on the journey that has led from the aesthetic turn in international relations to the present situation, where the increasing speed of visual imagery and the democratisation of visual (security) politics make visual security studies a crucial subfield of security studies. Reflecting on the current state of visual security studies, Bleiker identifies two challenges that are particularly important in continuing to develop the visual security research agenda. The first is the images-emotions-security nexus and the need to better understand the role played by emotions in visual security. Second, visual security studies need to keep pursuing experimental research that, as pioneered in the visual security studies collection, use visual methods while retaining the ability to communicate in accessible and compelling ways
Video, algorithms and security: How digital video platforms produce post-sovereign security articulations
No full textDigital videos increasingly sustain new and older imagined communities (and enmities), and make battlefields, unfolding terror plots and emergencies public. Yet digital videos mediate security articulations following logics that are radically different from those of journalistically edited media, with consequences for how we should think of security articulation in new visual media. This article analyses how, in digital video, the combination of visible facts and the remediation logics of algorithmically governed video platforms – such as YouTube and Facebook – allow for new types of security articulations. It argues that digital video can be understood as a semiotic composite where the material semiotics of media technologies, calculated publics and spectators combines with the political semiotics of audio-visual media to condition how video articulations work as political agency. A powerful video-mediated security articulation, the #neda videos from the 2009 Iranian post-election crisis, illustrates how security articulation in digital video is not tied to the authority of a speaker and does not contain the promise of an immediate, illocutionary security effect. Drawing on securitization theory and Butler’s critique of speech act theory, this article understands such video articulations as post-sovereign security articulations.</jats:p
Epistemic Authority, Lies, and Video: the Constitution of Knowledge and (in)Security in the Video/Security Nexus
Get PDFThis article analyses how videos of violent protests become politically powerful
arguments able to intervene in debates about security. It does so by looking at a series of videos taken by police authorities and protesters during street battles in Copenhagen in August 2009, when protesters opposed the forced eviction of a group of Iraqi asylum seekers from the Brorson Church. It zooms in on how politically acceptable knowledge about the event is constituted in dialogue between the videos and the surrounding mediascape. The study thus aims to shed light on the question of how videos of violent politics are present in politics, arguing that this happens only through being remediated as politics – and that the underlying epistemic regime governing how political knowledge is arrived at plays a key function in transforming videos from individual representations to
politically relevant knowledge. In analysing how both police and protesters enact
strategies that condition the possibility for images to figure in and impact post-conflict debate, the article explores how both governance and resistance is currently constituted by means of images. It ultimately considers what this means in terms of the conditions of possibility of video-mediated resistance
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
9 Meta- mediation, visual agency and documentarist reflexivity in conflict film: Burma VJ meets Burke + Norfolk RUNE SAUgMANN ANDERSEN
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