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UTJECAJ SELEKTIVNOG KATALITIČKOG REAKTORA NA PARAMETRE GM
No full textAir pollution from ships is increasing due to higher global demand of goods, and with them, global emission standards as well. These standards are dictated by MARPOL Annex VI and the introduction of emission control areas (ECA). 1 Ships built before 1990. don’t have to comply with these rules, but Ships built after the early 2000 must follow “NOx Emission Tier I”, which allows 17g/kWh NOx [6], and SRC reactors are not necessary, but since “NOx Emission Tier III” standard was enforced in 2016. it requires an 80% reduction in NOx emission compared to the tier I, specifically 3.4 g/kWh, which can’t be achieved without SCR or other means [7]. This paper is going to be primarily centered around this form of NOx reduction, but other systems are used as well, and will be mentioned later in the paper. The focus of this paper is to make changes to the ammonia dispersion and other parameters in SCR reactor and see how it affects the NOx content in exhaust gasses on various engine parameters.Testing is going to be done on Kongsberg’s „ERS L11 5L90MC – VLCC “. And with the initial conditions set to „Full Ahead “. There are not going to be any external effects present like wind or rough sea. All the data will be recorded after prolonged period to avoid inconsistencies.Onečišćenje zraka prouzrokovano brodovima raste zbog povećavajuće globalne potražnje dobara, a kako bi se isto svelo na minimum moraju se postrožiti standardi kontrole emisija. Ove standarde propisuje Dodatak VI MARPOL konvencije koji ujedno definira i posebna područja.² Svi brodovi izgrađeni prije 1990. ne moraju slijediti pravila dodatka VI, ali brodovi sagrađeni u ranim 2000. moraju slijediti “NOx Emission Tier I” koji dozvoljava 17g/kWh NOx-a [6]. Unutar tih granica bilo se je moguće držati bez SCR reaktora, no kada je 2016. uveden “NOx Emission Tier III” standard koji je zahtijevao gotovo 80 % veću redukciju emisija u usporedbi s “Tier I” standardom, točnije 3,4 g/kWh za čije postizanje je potreban SCR reaktor [7]. Ovaj rad će se prvenstveno bazirati na ispitivanju smanjivanja NOx-a uz pomoć SCR reaktora, ali će biti spomenuti i opisani i ostali načini. Cilj ovog rada je mijenjati postavke raspršivanja amonijaka i ostalih parametra u SCR reaktoru i promatrati utjecaj na finalnu koncentraciju NOx-a u ispušnim plinovima. Ispitivanja će se vršiti na Kongsbergovom „ERS L11 5L90MC – VLCC “ simulatoru, s inicijalnim scenarijem postavljenim na „Full Ahead “. Svi podaci će biti izmjereni nakon dužeg vremena rada simulacije kako bi se izbjegle moguće greške u mjerenju
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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