1,720,956 research outputs found
Efectos beneficiosos de algunos polifenoles de la uva sobre la salud
Get PDFLas uvas contienen una gran variedad de compuestos fenólicos entre los que se encuentra el resveratrol. En los últimos años se han realizado numerosos estudios que demuestran los efectos beneficiosos de la ingesta de este compuesto, sobre el tratamiento y la prevención de diversas enfermedades incluyendo las neurodegenerativas como es el Alzheimer; enfermedad para la cual no existe un tratamiento eficaz. Es por ello que el potencial terapéutico del resveratrol ha atraído el interés de múltiples investigadores. Las propiedades del resveratrol son debidas fundamentalmente a su acción antioxidante, antiinflamatoria, su capacidad como quelante de metales y de activar SIRT1. Sin embargo, su baja biodisponibilidad y solubilidad dificultan enormemente su aplicación terapéutica. En esta revisión sintetizaremos las propiedades del resveratrol que le confieren efectos neuroprotectores, el problema de su biodisponibilidad así como los numerosos estudios que se están realizando para solucionarlo y los estudios que se han realizado en humanos.Fac. de FarmaciaTRUEunpu
Efectos del DHA con baja concentración de ácido fitánico en un modelo experimental de la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Get PDFTesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiología, leída el 19-03-2018La Enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) es la enfermedad neurodegenerativa de mayor incidencia y la búsqueda de tratamientos eficaces requiere nuevas perspectivas terapéuticas. Numerosos estudios apuntan al ácido docosahexaenoico (DHA) como posible protector de la función cerebral. Los ensayos clínicos con DHA en la prevención o tratamiento de la EA no han sido concluyentes. Esto podría deberse a que los suplementos de DHA contienen cantidades elevadas de ácido fitánico (AF), un ácido graso neurotóxico. Para comparar los efectos del DHA bajo en AF, frente al DHA con mayor concentración de AF, se utilizaron 27 ratones ApoE-/- distribuidos en tres grupos (n=9): APOE-/-, (dieta rica en grasa); APOE-/-+DHA+AF 50, (dieta rica en grasa con 100g DHA/Kg grasa y 50 ppm AF, APOE-/-+DHA+AF 1000, (dieta rica en grasa con 100g DHA/Kg grasa y 1000 ppm AF). Como referencia se utilizaron 27 ratones C57BL/6 distribuidos en tres grupos (n=9): CONTROL (dieta normal), DHA+AF 50 (dieta normal con 100g DHA/Kg grasa y 50 ppm AF), DHA+AF 1000, (dieta normal 100g DHA/kg grasa y 1000 ppm AF)...Depto. de FisiologíaFac. de MedicinaTRUEunpu
Estudio de diferentes patrones de consumo de alimentos habituales y ocasionales al perfil lipídico de la dieta de los niños en edad escolar de la Comunidad de Madrid. Percepción y conocimientos de la población
Get PDFTesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología I, leída el 27-06-2017La alimentación es una de las principales preocupaciones de nuestra sociedad pues, ahora más que nunca, se asocia a un valor cultural de primera magnitud que es la salud. Cada día la población es más consciente de la influencia que la dieta y la composición de los alimentos tiene en el bienestar y la salud, por eso los consumidores están cada vez más interesados por la información que obtienen de la publicidad, presentación y etiquetado de los alimentos. En cuanto a la alimentación infantil, la percepción de los padres de estar aportando a sus hijos una dieta sana y equilibrada, no coincide con los datos del patrón alimentario de sobrepeso y obesidad, tanto de la población infantil como juvenil. Los factores de riesgo más asociados a la obesidad en niños son la modificación en los patrones de alimentación con dietas de alto valor calórico y disminución en el grado de actividad física. En la actualidad la mejora nutricional en la infancia es un tema de interés prioritario, existiendo una sensibilización en la sociedad y las instituciones sobre la importancia de buscar estrategias para mejorar los hábitos alimentarios y estilo de vida de los niños. Las recomendaciones en cuanto a los grupos de alimentos básicos están establecidas en las guías alimentarias y objetivos nutricionales. Sin embargo las indicaciones respecto al consumo de alimentos elaborados industrialmente, cuyo contenido en nutrientes se aleja mucho de un perfil adecuado, no se refieren a cantidades o frecuencias con las que debemos ingerirlos para seguir una dieta saludable, sino a límites en su consumo que se consideran compatibles con el mantenimiento del correcto equilibrio nutricional. Con el presente trabajo se pretende contribuir al establecimiento de unas recomendaciones de consumo de aquellos alimentos que las guías alimentarias indican como de consumo ocasional, de manera que sea posible cuantificar esa “ocasionalidad”...Nutrition is one of the primary concerns of our society and, now more than ever, it is associated with a key cultural value: health. Day after day people grow more aware of the role diet and food ingredients play in well-being and health. Thus, consumers are increasingly interested in the information they get through food marketing, displays, and packaging. Regarding child nutrition, the perception held by parents that they give their children a healthy, balanced diet does not coincide with the data on eating patterns and obesity amongst the infant and juvenile populations. The risk factors most associated with obesity in children are modified diets high in calories and decreased levels of physical activity. At present, improving childhood nutrition is a priority, and society and institutions are aware of the importance of finding strategies to improve childhood eating trends and lifestyles. Recommendations regarding basic food groups have been established in food guides and nutritional objectives. However, the suggestions regarding the consumption of industrially processed foods, whose nutrient content is very far from the adequate profile, do not refer to quantities or frequencies with which we should eat them in order to maintain a healthy diet, but rather to consumption limits necessary to maintain what is considered proper, balanced nutrition. This paper aims to contribute to the establishment of consumption recommendations for those foods designated for occasional consumption, in a way that makes it possible to define “occasional.” On the other hand, it is also necessary to learn more about consumer opinions, identify their level of understanding of nutrition, and analyze their behavior when making purchases. This information is useful when formulating policies intended to improve the health and nutrition of the general population. It also provides a very useful perspective when making decisions about the development and commercialization of food products. This paper has tried to understand the opinions of those responsible for food purchases in relation to the fat contained in that food...Depto. de Nutrición y Ciencia de los AlimentosFac. de FarmaciaTRUEunpu
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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