1,720,991 research outputs found
RAPOPORT H. F., FABBRI A., SEBASTIANI L., 2016. Olive Biology. In Rugini, E., Baldoni, L., Muleo, R., Sebastiani, L. (Eds.), “The Olive Genome”, pp. 13-26. Springer, Heidelberg.
No full textThe olive is a medium-sized evergreen tree, which integrates a unique set
of morphological and developmental characteristics suited to the relatively
dry, rustic conditions of its Mediterranean origin. Also particular to the
olive tree are its numerous small fruits, which are rich in oil that is highly
appreciated for both flavor and health benefits. The Olea europaea species
includes both wild and cultivated forms, and both a long period of
domestication and the perseverance of wild varieties provide a range of
morphological variation, as does the developmental plasticity of this
species. This chapter reviews the general growth and taxonomy of the
olive tree and describes its vegetative and reproductive morphology and
anatomy. Basic structural features of the trunk and branches, leaves, roots,
flowers, fruits, and seeds are described. Current research is indicated for
the structures discussed, and information provided regarding adaptive
significance, environmental influences, and genetically based variability
among cultivars or between wild and cultivated genotypes
La coltivazione del nocciolo in Italia: aspetti tecnici, criticità e prospettive di valorizzazione
No full textIl miglioramento della corilicoltura ed il rafforzamento della posizione italiana sul mercato può essere ottenuta affrontando aspetti critici della gestione del noccioleto, come la propagazione, la potatura e l'irrigazione. Tecniche efficienti di propagazione per talea, di potatura di impianti senescenti e di irrigazione finalizzata al risparmio idrico ed al miglioramento della produzione vengono brevemente analizzati
Effects of irrigation on yield components and quality of walnut cultivar ‘Chandler’
No full textIn Italy walnut cultivation is mainly concentrated in Campania region, where traditional and new specialized orchard coexist and international cultivars are utilized for the new plantations. The growth and productivity of the international, high yielding cultivar ‘Chandler’ grown in the dry summer conditions of Naples province has been examined during a two year irrigation trial. Three treatments were applied: an un-irrigated control and two different levels of water supply, corresponding respectively to the restitution of 50 and 100% ET0 by means of a drip irrigation system. Plant growth and nut and kernel weight increased at the highest irrigation volume, while nut fall at ripening was more concentrated in the un-irrigated control. The percentage of defected nuts was higher in condition of limited water availability. The restitution of 50% ET0 assured satisfactory levels of production and saving of irrigation water
Irrigazione del nocciolo nel viterbese: sistemi irrigui localizzati per una ottimizzazione dell'uso dell'acqua
No full textLa valutazione nel lungo periodo della risposta del nocciolo all’irrigazione è importante in aree a disponibilità idrica limitata. Condizioni di siccità stanno diventando frequenti nelle regioni del centro Italia, come nel Lazio, seconda regione per produzione di nocciole in Italia. Il lavoro ha analizzato la risposta di piante adulte di nocciolo della cultivar Tonda Gentile Romana a differenti livelli di irrigazione nel periodo 2001-2010 in un impianto costituito nel 1992 presso l’azienda sperimentale dell’Università della Tuscia. Tre volumi di irrigazione corrispondenti rispettivamente al 50, 75 e 100% dell’evapotraspirato colturale (ETc) calcolato con impiego di evaporimento di classe A sono stati applicati tramite impianto di irrigazione a goccia, e comparati con controlli non irrigati. Lo sviluppo vegetativo e le componenti della produzione sono state influenzate positivamente dall’irrigazione. La produzione più elevata è stata ottenuta nelle tesi irrigate al 75% dell’ETc, in quasi tutti gli anni della prova. Il peso della nocciola e del seme e la resa in sgusciato erano superiori nelle tesi irrigate rispetto ai controlli, mentre l’incidenza di frutti vuoti e difettati è risultata maggiore in condizioni di limitata disponibilità idrica. La restituzione del 75% dell’ETc può essere considerata un valido livello di irrigazione per la cultivar Tonda Gentile Romana in aree caratterizzate da insufficiente piovosità durante l’anno. Inoltre, alcuni risultati preliminari ottenuti per la cultivar Nocchione sottoposta a sub-irrigazione sono discussi in questo lavoro
Isolation and preliminary characterization of ATPase from olive calli grown at different auxin/cytokinin ratio
No full textInfluence of irrigation on nut traits, production and photosynthetic activity of hazelnut cultivar Tonda di Giffoni
No full textThe present trial, supported by the project FRU.MED. MIPAAF, has been carried out in 2006 in a experimental farm located in Caserta province, Southern Italy. Five year old plants of the local cv. Tonda di Giffoni were spaced 5 x 5m and trained to free vase. Starting from 2006, four treatments were applied: an unirrigated control and three different water levels, corresponding to the restitution of 50, 75, 100 % ETM by means of a drip irrigation system. The plant yield increased at the highest irrigation volumes. Nut fall at ripening was more concentrated in the unirrigated control in comparison whit the irrigated plants. Nut and kernel weight and size were greater in irrigated than in control plants, with the highest values observed in 100 % ETM treatment. The percentage of empty and defected nuts was higher in condition of limited water availability. The oil content in the kernel of unirrigated control and at 50 % ETM restitution was slightly higher than in the other treatments. Leaf assimilation rates during the summer 2006 showed low differences among treatments, with more uniform values during the day at 100 % ETM. In conclusion, considering all observations effected, water supply of 75 % and 100 % ETM could be valid irrigation levels to obtain high yield, good technological traits of the nuts and reducing the cost of irrigation
Effects of irrigation on growth and yield components of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) in Central Italy
No full textLong term evaluation of hazelnut response to irrigation is important in areas with limited water availability. Drought conditions are becoming common in the regions of Central Italy, such as Latium, which is the second area of hazelnut production in Italy. The trial examined from 2005 to 2007 the response of adult plants of cultivars Tonda Gentile Romana, Tonda di Giffoni and Nocchione to different levels of irrigation in the experimental orchard established in 1992 at the Experimental farm of University of Tuscia. Three volumes of irrigation corresponding to the restitution of 50, 75, 100 % ETc calculated from class A evaporation were applied by means of drip irrigation and compared with the un-irrigated control. Vegetative growth (trunk cross-sectional area and crown volume) and yield components were positively affected by irrigation. The highest plant yield was obtained at the 75 % ETc for all cultivars and years. Nut and kernel weight and size were slightly greater in irrigated than in control plants. The percentage of empty and defected nuts was higher in condition of limited water availability. The oil content in the kernel of TGR and Nocchione was slightly higher in 75 % and 100 % ETc than in the other treatments. In conclusion, water supply of 75 % ETc could be valid irrigation levels for hazelnut cvs. Tonda Gentile Romana, Tonda di Giffoni and Nocchione in areas characterized by insufficient rainfalls during the year
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