1,720,988 research outputs found
Optimal coordination of a pool of different EV charging stations
No full textThe transport sector will contribute to the decarbonisation goals by massively replacing internal combustion engine vehicles with electric vehicles (EVs). In Europe, up to 70 million EVs are expected by 2030. The diffusion of EVs will be accompanied by 50-70 million charging points connected to the distribution systems (at medium and low voltage levels). The EV charging causes power quality and operation issues, such as line overloading, voltage violations, and voltage unbalances. It will require extensive investments to develop a distribution system suited to face the electrification of heating and transportation. Using suitable control systems for optimal charging that consider charging session features and network criticalities can mitigate the impact of EVs on distribution grids and contribute to postponing or even avoiding significant investments. The paper proposes a strategy to reduce the effects of public charging on low-voltage networks. If already burdened by the increased electrification of end-use consumption and domestic vehicle charging, these networks are susceptible to significant voltage drops or overcurrents. The proposed strategy involves developing a signalling system that informs vehicle owners whether a charging station can guarantee a full charge based on current grid conditions. An Italian LV unbalanced network and charging habits in parking lots derived from the latest literature are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach
Multi-agent control system to coordinate optimal demand response actions in active distribution networks
No full textImpact of local flexibility markets on distribution network hosting capacity
No full textThe paper investigates the influence of local flexibility markets, modelled with autonomous agents, on the hosting capacity of distribution networks. As distributed energy resources (DERs) continue to increase, optimisingtheir integration into distribution grids is crucialfor ensuring reliability and resilience. The study is intended to assess how localflexibility markets can positively impact distribution network hosting capacity. The behaviour of diverse market participants, including DERs and flexible loads, is modelled with the agent-based approach. The objective is to quantify the impact of local market dynamics on the hosting capacity of distribution networks. The study explores market structures, pricing mechanisms, and agent strategies to determine the conditions under which significant improvements in hosting capacity can be achieved. The focus is modelling market liquidity and its role in influencing hosting capacity. Realistically simulating market conditions, the research aims to provide quantitative insights into the correlation between local market characteristics and distribution network performance. The outcomes are anticipated to offer valuable information for understanding the potential of local flexibility markets in enhancing hosting capacity
Low-Voltage Renewable Energy Communities’ Impact on the Distribution Networks
Full text linkRenewable energy communities (RECs) are widely regarded as a transformative opportunity to enhance the management of electricity distribution networks, benefiting the system as a whole and its participants through local energy production, increased self-consumption, and empowering citizens. However, their proliferation introduces significant challenges for distribution system management, particularly at the low-voltage (LV) level, where participants are primarily located. Despite its critical role, the LV network is often overlooked in favor of studies focusing on the system-level impacts. This paper addresses this gap by evaluating the impact of RECs on LV networks and the broader distribution system. The study analyzes various LV networks representative of the Italian context, encompassing both rural and urban areas. By leveraging the software tool OpenDSS and Monte Carlo simulations over an entire year, the analysis captures the inherent variability of load demand and photovoltaic generation, as well as the resulting network imbalances under diverse policy scenarios. The findings reveal that the increasing level of self-consumption could significantly challenge distribution network operation, limiting also the sourcing of flexibility. These results underscore the necessity for advanced management strategies and targeted investments in grid flexibility to ensure the reliability and efficiency of distribution networks integrating RECs
Fostering End Users' Flexibility in Renewable Energy Communities
No full textEnergy communities represent a new paradigm for increasing the deployment of renewable energy, contributing significantly to the decarbonisation of the electricity system through a bottom-up approach with environmental, social, and economic benefits. Energy communities are a group of entities, individuals, or companies that join together for the production, sharing and virtual exchange of electricity generated by renewable resources. They benefit from economic contributions of three types: valorisation of shared energy through the return of tariff components (distribution, transmission and avoided grid losses); incentivisation of shared energy; and payment for electricity fed into the grid. The paper focuses on the valorisation of the flexibility of end users' demand aimed at increasing economic benefits, presenting an optimization algorithm for flexibility exploitation and a techno-economic analysis with a case study of a local energy community assuming the Italian regulatory scenario
Phasor Data Concentrator Functionalities to Support a Multi-Agent Control System in Active Distribution Networks
No full textOne of the goals of the Smart Grid paradigm is to fulfil consumers' demands and, at the same time, avoiding network contingencies and infrastructure overloads. In this scenario, the management of active demand based on Multi-Agent System (MAS), thanks to its flexibility and autonomy, could allow increasing the energy efficiency and reducing the cost of energy. Nevertheless, the Agents can define an effective strategy only if they are supported by a suitable measurement system providing accurate information about the state of the network (e.g. voltage profile). In this context, the paper presents a management proposal exploiting the synergy between the functionalities implemented in the Phasor Data Concentrator (PDC) specific for distribution grids and the MAS strategy to meet the load needs and to improve the voltage control in modern distribution network
Multi-agent control system for the exploitation of Vehicle to grid in active LV networks
No full textWorldwide considerable resources in terms of R&D have commissioned in the field of electrical mobility. Due to the significant dissemination of Electric Vehicles (EVs) predicted in the near future, the concept of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) will be practically achievable, to improve the integration of renewable energy into distribution networks and leads to economic and environment benefits, supporting the grid operation, reducing substation transformers and line overloading to defer or even avoid investments. In the paper, an intelligent and decentralized Multi Agent System for managing EV charging/discharging in LV distribution networks is proposed
Model to simulate medium-voltage active networks with an aggregated view of the low-voltage ends
No full textThe integration of renewable energy sources into distribution networks requires a significant change in the traditional planning and operational approach. In medium-voltage (MV) networks, in order to guarantee reliable and secure electricity supply, fostering the connection of new generation, some smart techniques, are based on the integration of operation practices in the set of possible planning alternatives, are being studied. In low-voltage (LV) networks, where distributed generation (DG), mainly photovoltaic producers, are connected in proximity to existing consumers, similar smart control techniques are being considered, either on the producer side (for instance reactive power control) or on the load side (active demand management). One of the main problems associated to the massive connection of DG is represented by the voltage quality. This study aims to describe and apply a model to simulate MV networks, while studying the maximum voltage variations in the underlying LV networks
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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