1,721,068 research outputs found
The cost effectiveness of Botox in Italian patients with chronic migraine.
No full textHEALTH ECONOMIC
L’utilizzo di modelli decisionali per le valutazioni economiche dei farmaci in Italia: stato dell’arte e prospettive future
No full textTo appraise the methodological quality of the Italian pharmaco -
economic models.
Background: In most of the developed countries the institution of HTA
agencies has been one of the major concerns in order to support the decisions
for reimbursement of new drugs. Italy is experiencing a remarkable lack in
this field.
Design: 18 Italian models published between 1998 and 2005 selected using
EMBASE and MEDLINE search engines. Inclusion criteria: (a) Italian
nationality of the first author, (b) Italian baseline population. Studies were
appraised using the checklist developed by Philips et al. (2004).
Results: Although the alternatives and the basic framework of the
pharmacoeconomic models are usually well defined and specified, the studies
present a lack of data about treatment effects, utilities, analysis of uncertainty,
considerations about heterogeneity and generalisability of results.
Conclusion: Despite the high level of competence of the authors, the
pharmacoeconomic models quality is largely affected by the scarce interest
of Italian institutions for the use of ICER-based criteria, in favour of a priceminimization
one. The institutional use of ICER-based criteria should be
strongly recommended for a rational resource use in healthcare
Hepatocellular carcinoma: cost-effectiveness of screening. A systematic review
Full text linka systematic review of the scientific evidence about cost effectiveness of HCC screening is conducte
Cost-effectiveness analysis of two Rituximab retreatment regimens for longstanding rheumatoid arthritis.
No full textCOST EFFECTIVENESS OF RITUXIMA
Valutazione economica di ranibizumab vs pegaptanib o vs terapia fotodinamica con verteporfina
No full textWE INVESTIGATED THE COST EFFECTIVENESS OF A TREATMENT AGAINST BLINDNES
Is risk attitude really specific within the health context domain? Further evidence from an Italian survey using Probability Equivalent technique and face to face interviews
No full textIndividuals’ risk attitude is an important concept within the health domain. A
previous study showed that risk attitude varied across health outcomes, life years
and quality of life. The aim of this article is to improve the elicitation methods
used in that study and to provide further evidence of whether risk attitude varies
within the health domain. The elicitation method was improved by using the
probability equivalent method rather than the certainty equivalent method, by
using face-to-face interviews rather than web-based questionnaires and by
omitting financial incentives which may be more attractive to individuals who are
risk seeking. In line with the previous study, this article shows that risk attitude
varies across the health domain. However, in the current study, risk attitude for
the two life years gambles were very similar and the majority of the participants
were risk averse. In the previous study, risk attitude varied across these two
gambles with the majority of individuals being risk averse with respect to the
gamble involving immediate death but risk seeking with respect to the other life
years gamble
DEVELOPMENT AND FIELD VALIDATION OF AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO SUSTAINABLE CULTIVATION OF DURUM WHEAT IN ITALY
No full textOggigiorno i dibattiti riguardanti il significato di sostenibilità, la sua misurazione attraverso indicatori e le metodologie nei quali quest’ultimi dovrebbero essere utilizzati rimangono spesso inconcludenti.
Questo elaborato si propone come un prototipo per superare questi limiti. L’approccio, applicato per la coltura frumento duro, è un esempio di come è possibile consolidare i paradigmi teorici della sostenibilità e trasformarli in utili raccomandazioni per attività agricole più sostenibili.
Attraverso l’implementazione di un Decision Support System (DSS) chiamato granoduro.net® e la stesura di un decalogo per una coltivazione del grano duro più competitiva (10 regole agronomiche), il divario tra i principi teorici e pratici della sostenibilità viene ridotto.
Grazie alla disponibilità di Barilla S.p.A., sono stati pianificati per diversi anni, a partire dal 2011, studi di campo e il progetto è stato considerato dagli operatori del settore un esempio di come i principi teorici della sostenibilità possono essere messi in pratica con facilità. Le differenti fasi della validazione (un iniziale studio teorico, il confronto tra situazioni reali e teoriche ottimali e due anni di utilizzo sul campo di granoduro.net® e del decalogo) hanno permesso di dimostrare agli agricoltori che gli impatti antropici possono essere monitorati e ridotti e che quindi la sostenibilità è fruibile e calcolabile. Inoltre, il decalogo e granoduro.net® hanno dimostrato di essere due esempi di come è possibile migliorare la qualità delle decisioni strategiche (scelta della rotazione, lavorazione del terreno, scelta delle varietà, tecnica di fertilizzazione e uso di seme certificato) e tattiche (in risposta agli eventi generati da attacchi biotici, infestanti e necessità nutrizionali) intraprese dagli imprenditori agricoli.Current debates concerning the meaning of sustainability, its measurement by means of indicators, and the framework in which these should be applied, often remain inconclusive.
This work is a prototype aimed to overcome such shortcoming. The method adopted in this work was applied to the crop of durum wheat and represents an example on how to put the theoretical paradigms of sustainability into effect by transforming them into practical recommendations for implementing more sustainable agricultural practices.
The implementation of a Decision Support System (DSS) called granoduro.net® and the drafting of a handbook (ten agronomical rules for a more competitive cultivation of durum wheat) allowed to bridge the gap between the theoretical principles and the practical implementation of sustainability. Since 2011 in-field validation activity has been carried out thanks to the collaboration with Barilla S.p.A.; the project was considered by Barilla’s stakeholders as an example of how theoretical principles of sustainability can be put into practice. The several steps of the validation process (i.e., a theoretical study, a comparison between real and target values, and the in-field adoption of both the handbook and granoduro.net® for two years) demonstrated to farmers and experts that human impacts can be monitored and reduced. Therefore, it was proved that sustainability is actionable and calculable. Moreover, the handbook and granoduro.net® showed to be tools able to help farmers improving the quality of their decisions, both strategic (choice of rotation, tillage, varieties, fertilization techniques, and use of certified seeds) and tactical (in response to nutritional needs or the risk of pests, disease or weeds infestation)
Normative needs in healthcare: toward a new conceptualization of equity and capabilities.
No full textNORMATIVE NEEDS IN HEALTHCAR
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