1,721,015 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Pilot scale hydrodynamic cavitation and hot-water extraction of Norway spruce bark yield antimicrobial and polyphenol-rich fractions
Get PDFNorway spruce ( Picea abies [L.] Karst) tree bark contains high concentrations of polyphenolic compounds with antibacterial, antioxidant, and antiviral properties. While laboratory-scale extraction studies are relatively abundant, the behavior of biomass properties and compound profiles during upscaled processing have remained underexplored. This study addresses the gap by assessing the industrial feasibility of using an industrial-scale assortment of bark biomass obtained directly from a sawmill. It compares two green pilot-scale extraction methods using only water as the solvent: hydrodynamic cavitation and hot-water extraction. The resulting lyophilized and spray-dried extracts were analyzed for their antibacterial, antiviral, and antioxidant activities, as well as their chemical composition, including carbohydrate, stilbene, tannin, and terpene contents. To further evaluate the industrial potential, a technical feasibility analysis was conducted, highlighting material and energy balances for both extraction processes and identifying areas for improvement. The findings indicate that both extraction methods effectively yielded polyphenol-rich extracts with desirable bioactivities. Notably, hot-water extracts, with slightly higher condensed tannin and stilbene content, exhibited higher antioxidant activity and greater efficacy against enterovirus (coxsackievirus A9), while hydrodynamic cavitation products showed higher activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Lyophilization resulted in slightly lower chain-length, but higher concentrations of tannins and stilbenes compared to spray-drying. Overall, this study demonstrates that upscaled processing of spruce bark can effectively and sustainably produce commercially viable extraction products
Spruce, pine and fir needles as sustainable ingredients for whole wheat bread fortification: Enhancing nutritional and functional properties
Get PDFThis study investigated green needles and fine twigs (NT) from spruce, pine, and fir, widely available forest byproducts, as potential functional ingredients and natural preservatives for whole wheat bread fortification. The effects of replacing water with NT extracts at 0, 35, and 70% levels were assessed on bread's secondary metabolite profiling, bioactivity, nutrition, and quality. The NT-bread demonstrated good stability of compounds analyzed by HPLC-DAD after 24 and 72 h, with a notable increase in the content of several polyphenols after 72 h of storage. This increase was correlated closely with an over 80% enhancement in antioxidant activity during storage, suggesting extended shelf-life. A total of 115 compounds were identified by UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, alkaloids, stilbenes, lignans, resin acids, and gibberellins. Among the substitution levels, 35% , particularly pine NT-fortified bread, was sufficient to enhance functionality while preserving bread quality and sensory acceptability, making it a strong candidate for further development as a bioactive product. Overall, the findings demonstrate the valorization potential of underutilized NT as natural antioxidants and will help provide the industry with phytochemical compositional information. This study highlights the broader applicability of these side streams by employing a green extraction technique (hydrodynamic cavitation) that yields valuable compounds, promotes sustainability, and supports the circular economy through a cost-effective and efficient process
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
DT-TV. Grafik till djungeltrumman.se:s webb-TV
No full textThe goal with the project was to make the graphic for Djungeltrumman.se´s upcoming
webb-TV. Djungeltrumman.se is a clubguide on the internet and as a magazine.
Their target group is people in the age between 18-34 with an interest for culture and nightlife that lives in a city where Djungeltrumman.se is active. The purpose of the project was to make a graphical frame that had the feelling of
Djungeltrumman.se. The feeling should capture the interest of the target group and make them care more for Djungeltrumman.se.
The graphics will contain an intro, information frames and presentations for the different parts in the program. In this project I focused on making the intro for the program. The other graphical content will later on be based on the intro. How can I make an intro that captures the interest of the targetgroup, again and again without them getting tired of it?
With what and how do you present Djungeltrumman.se best in motion graphic?
A television intro? What does the history tell about it? The making of the intro was focused on the three keywords, the city, energy and
guidance. And from those words I made a colour pallet. The biggest decision was to build a real model of a city. With that I got a depth
in the footage that never could be made in 3d. Every little part of the model had something to tell. Ruff edges and windows that were cut by hand gave a charming look.
The result of my project was an intro that communicated the feeling of Djungeltrumman.
se with my keyword the city, energy and guidance. It captures the interest of the
viewer that wants to see it again and again
Characterization and densification of carbonized lignocellulosic biomass
Get PDFThis thesis focuses on developing two main areas: characterization and densification of carbonized lignocellulosic biomass.
Thermally treated biomass undergoes changes that enrich the content of carbon in the remaining solid fraction. The carbon content is correlated to the temperature and residence time of the treatment and affects the properties of the material as a fuel e.g. gross calorific value. Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was used to predict a wide range of variables from forest- and agro-based biomass thermally treated at 240 to 850 ˚C. The result showed that NIR provided excellent predictions e.g. for energy, carbon, oxygen and hydrogen contents.
The changes of the biomass properties after thermal treatment, such as torrefaction, change also the pelletizing properties. A parametric study was conducted at bench scale in a single pellet press tool where four parameters were examined with respect to pellet quality responses. The study showed a narrow process window for pelletizing at around 5% moisture content. Further pelletizing studies in pilot scale demonstrated that higher moisture contents were needed for satisfying pellet quality. This indicated that there is a discrepancy between the material’s moisture content before pelletizing and at the actual moment of feed layer formation and pelletizing. By drying both torrefied and untreated material it was shown that torrefied materials dried at a significantly higher rate. Thus, observed uneven pellet production caused by feed layer breakage was related to the drying rate due to heat from friction in the pellet press channels. This was demonstrated by developing two methods for cooling the pelletizing process: one with direct cooling by water injection and one with indirect cooling by coils in the die, and hereby reduce drying and keep the moisture content at a level where pelletizing was possible. This showed that cooling of the pelletizing process can be beneficial for the pellet quality.
The overall result for successful densification of thermally treated lignocellulosic biomass into a standardized commodity with high energy and bulk density stresses the need: (1) to find tools that characterize biomass facilitating suitable settings in the densification step; (2) to apply new innovative steps in sub-processes like cooling of the feed layer; and, finally, (3) to find matching combinations of torrefaction and pelletization
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