699 research outputs found
Цифровая экономика как драйвер устойчивого развития малого предпринимательства
No full textRudenko L.G. Digital economy as a driver of sustainable development of small businessСЕКЦИЯ 3. ДРАЙВЕРЫ ИНКЛЮЗИВНОГО ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РОСТА:
ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЙ ОПЫТ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ И МИРОВОЙ ОПЫ
Particle motion in Stokes flow near a plane fluid-fluid interface. Part 1. Slender body in a quiescent fluid.
No full textConsiders translation and rotation, each in three mutually orthogonal directions, thus determining the components of the hydrodynamic resistance tensors which relate the total hydrodynamic force and torque on the particle to its translational and angular velocities for a completely arbitrary translational and angular motion. Calculates trajectories for a freely rotating particle under the action of an applied force either normal or parallel to a flat interface.-from Author
Particle motion in Stokes flow near a plane fluid-fluid interface. Part 2. Linear shear and axisymmetric straining flows.
No full textConsiders the motion of a sphere or a slender body in the presence of a plane fluid-fluid interface with an arbitrary viscosity ratio, when the fluids undergo a linear undisturbed flow. Determines the motion of a neutrally buoyant particle freely suspended in the flow. The theory yields general trajectory equations for an arbitrary viscosity ratio. Among the most interesting results for motion of slender bodies is the generalization of the Jeffrey orbit equations for linear simple shear flow. -from Author
Serum strain-specific or cross-reactive neuraminidase inhibiting antibodies against pandemic A/California/07/2009(H1N1) influenza in healthy volunteers Infectious Diseases
No full textBackground: Pre-existing antibodies to influenza virus neuraminidase may provide protection against infection influenza viruses containing novel hemagglutinin (HA). The aim of our study was to evaluate serum neuraminidase-inhibiting (NI) antibodies against A/California/07/2009(H1N1) [H1N1/2009pdm] and A/New Caledonia/20/1999(H1N1) [H1N1/1999] influenza viruses in relation with the age of participants and hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody levels. Anti-H1N1/2009pdm neuraminidase and anti-H1N1/1999 neuraminidase antibody levels were measured in total 219 serum samples from Russian healthy peoples of various ages examined before and a year after pandemic strain appearance. We adjusted peroxidase-linked lectin micro-procedure to measure NI antibody titers using the reassortant A/H7N1 influenza viruses based on A/equine/Prague/1/56(H7N7). Also, HI antibody titers were estimated against H1N1/2009pdm, H1N1/1999 and a panel of seasonal A/H1N1 influenza viruses. Results: In sera samples collected during the fall of 2010, mean titers of specific HI and NI antibodies to H1N1/2009pdm were 2-2.1 times lower than antibody levels against H1N1/1999. Of the 163 individuals examined, 58 (35.6%) had NI anti-H1N1/2009pdm antibody titers>1:20, compared to 93 (57.1%) who had NI anti-H1N1/1999 antibody titers>1:20. There were low correlations between HI and NI antibody levels against either H1N1/1999 or H1N1/2009pdm in the same serum samples. The 24 adults born between 1957 and 1977 expressed very low levels of NI antibodies to A/H1N1 influenza viruses. Persons with low HI anti-H1N1/2009pdm titers but positive to seasonal A/H1N1 demonstrated significantly higher NI anti-A/H1N1 antibody titers than unexposed subjects. In 2005 cross-reactive NI anti-H1N1/2009pdm antibody titers>1:20 were detected among 7.1% of young people. Conclusions: Our study confirmed that contact with seasonal influenza viruses may have contributed to generating the cross-reacting anti-H1N1/2009pdm NI antibodies which were detected in the sera of 18-20 years old people examined before the pandemic virus active circulation. The lowest levels of antibodies to the neuraminidase of N1 subtype were in the group of participants born during the circulation of influenza A/H2N2 or A/H3N2 viruses. The low correlation between HI and NI antibody titers suggests that NI antibody detection can be used as an additional test to evaluate the immune response after influenza infections or immunizations. © 2015 Desheva et al.; licensee BioMed Central
Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of prime-boost immunization in mice vaccinated with live and inactivated influenza A (H5N1) vaccines
No full textAvian influenza A (H1N1) in humans is characterized by severe clinical manifestation and high mortality. The main drawback of current human H5N1 vaccines is related to low immunogenicity. Prime-boost vaccination is considered as an effective approach to enhance vaccine immunogenicity. The aim of this study was to compare immune response and protective efficacy of diverse prime-boost immunization protocols: 1) prime and boost with live influenza vaccine (LAIV) A/17/Turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2); 2) prime with LAIV A/17/Turkey/Turkey/05/133 (H5N2) followed by boost with inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) "Orniflu" (H5N1). Both vaccination protocols were found to increase serum antibody level against homologous and heterologous influenza A virus strains. In particular, serum HAI antibodies were significantly elevated solely after LAIV/LAIV vaccination. A more sensitive sandwich ELISA assay revealed that serum virus-specific IgG antibody levels were significantly increased after both vaccination protocols as well as after a single LAIV or IIV vaccination. Both LAIV and IIV boost increased titers of serum IgG specific against unrelated influenza A (H5N1) strains: homologous A/NIBRG-23 (clade 2.2), A/Indonesia (clade 2.1) and, to a lesser extent, against clade 1 virus A/Vietnam and even against heterologous A/New York (H1N1). Single LAIV vaccination was also able to induce antibody responses against all strains examined, though to a lesser degree as compared with either prime-boost protocols. However, amount of splenic CD8+ Tcells specific to homologous influenza A virus strain was solely observed after LAIV/IIV vaccination. Moreover, both LAIV and IIV boosting effect demonstrated high protection level against lethal challenge with A (H1N1) WT virus and significantly decreased lung viral titer compared to control group. Furthermore, both regimens resulted in lung virus clearance after non-lethal challenge with clade 1, 2.1 or 2.2 influenza A (H5N1). In conclusion, we demonstrated that both LAIV/LAIV and LAIV/IIV regimens were able to induce cross-clade A (H5N1) response and that prime-boost immunization was a promising approach to improve immunogenicity of influenza A (H5N1) virus vaccine. © 2019 Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute. All rights reserved
Improving private sector and government partnership system to support small businesses in the service sector
No full textThe emergence of this form of partnership between the private sector and the state to support business, including services, dictated by the fact that the state does not always has a sufficient amount of available funds and workforce necessary for the implementation of infrastructure development projects, including small business support infrastructure. Therefore, the use of tools interaction between private business and the state of the development of infrastructural spheres of support of small business becomes more appropriate. At the same time, this trend is not enough studied by modern scholars, which causes the relevance of this study. This article aims to study the essence of the public-private partnership, its legal basis in the Russian Federation, the assessment of the level of development of the public-private partnerships in the regions. To investigate this issue theoretical and empirical research methods, techniques and economic-statistical factor analysis, economic and mathematical modeling, expert evaluation were used. In contrast to existing studies, the authors prove the necessity of the use of public-private institutions and municipal-private partnership in the development of small business support infrastructure in the regions. For this the authors developed a model of using public-private institutions and municipal-private partnerships for infrastructure development of small business support with the release of the stages of development and implementation of public-private project. © 2016 Rudenko et al
Improving private sector and government partnership system to support small businesses in the service sector
No full textThe emergence of this form of partnership between the private sector and the state to support business, including services, dictated by the fact that the state does not always has a sufficient amount of available funds and workforce necessary for the implementation of infrastructure development projects, including small business support infrastructure. Therefore, the use of tools interaction between private business and the state of the development of infrastructural spheres of support of small business becomes more appropriate. At the same time, this trend is not enough studied by modern scholars, which causes the relevance of this study. This article aims to study the essence of the public-private partnership, its legal basis in the Russian Federation, the assessment of the level of development of the public-private partnerships in the regions. To investigate this issue theoretical and empirical research methods, techniques and economic-statistical factor analysis, economic and mathematical modeling, expert evaluation were used. In contrast to existing studies, the authors prove the necessity of the use of public-private institutions and municipal-private partnership in the development of small business support infrastructure in the regions. For this the authors developed a model of using public-private institutions and municipal-private partnerships for infrastructure development of small business support with the release of the stages of development and implementation of public-private project. © 2016 Rudenko et al
Application of method based on in vitro antibody quantification in PBMC supernatant samples for immunogenicity evaluation of a (H5N1) and A (H5N2) potentially pandemic influenza vaccines in clinical trials
No full textThere are many data worldwide which suggest that the methods for evaluation of influenza vaccines immunogenicity should be improved. The only method validated in Russia is a HAI (haemagglutination inhibition) assay with serum samples from vaccinated volunteers. This assay does not, however, completely reflect the vaccine-induced immunological changes. In this study, we evaluated antibody immune responses to A (H5N1) inactivated influenza vaccine boosting in healthy volunteers previously primed with A (H5N2) live attenuated influenza vaccine. We compared three methods of antibody detection: (i) HAI assay with serum samples; (ii) ELISA with serum samples; (iii) ELISA with PBMC (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) culture supernates, i.e., an alternative test based on quantification of antibodies secreted by PBMC in vitro. The latter test was shown to have an advantage over other techniques in IgA and IgG antibody detection at early timepoints (day 7) after vaccination. The first two methods allowed immunogenicity assessment at day 28 after vaccination. Thus, a test based on antibody quantification in PBMC supernatant samples can be used as an alternative method for evaluation of influenza vaccines immunogenicity. This method also exhibits a better strainspecificity. © 2016, SPb RAACI
Prevention of Influenza A(H7N9) and Bacterial Infections in Mice Using Intranasal Immunization With Live Influenza Vaccine and the Group B Streptococcus Recombinant Polypeptides
No full textWe investigate the protective effect of combined vaccination based on live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) and group B streptococcus (GBS) recombinant polypeptides against potential pandemic H7N9 influenza infection followed by GBS burden. Mice were intranasally immunized using 107 50% egg infectious dose (EID50) of H7N3 LAIV, the mix of the 4 GBS peptides (group B streptococcus vaccine [GBSV]), or combined LAIV + GBSV vaccine. The LAIV raised serum hemagglutination-inhibition antibodies against H7N9 in higher titers than against H7N3. Combined vaccination provided advantageous protection against infections with A/Shanghai/2/2013(H7N9)CDC-RG influenza and serotype II GBS. Combined vaccine significantly improved bacterial clearance from the lungs after infection compared with other vaccine groups. The smallest lung lesions due to combined LAIV + GBSV vaccination were associated with a prevalence of lung interferon-γ messenger RNA expression. Thus, combined viral and bacterial intranasal immunization using H7N3 LAIV and recombinant bacterial polypeptides induced balanced adaptive immune response, providing protection against potential pandemic influenza H7N9 and bacterial complications. © 2017, © The Author(s) 2017
Correction to: Clinical Trials in High-Risk Medulloblastoma: Evolution of the SIOP-Europe HR-MB Trial (Cancers, (2022), 14, 2, (374), 10.3390/cancers14020374)
No full text\ua9 2024 by the authors.In the original publication [1], the funder Cancer Research UK, A2524 was not included. Keith Wheatley, Simon Gates, and Victoria Homer were not included as authors in the original publication. The reason we would like to add the authors is that the statistical element of the trial and the trial design were in a large part done by the statistical authors and the team were necessary for the running of the trial. The corrected Author Contributions Statement appears here. Author Contributions: Conceptualization, S.B., N.A., L.G., M.M., K.W., S.R. and S.C.C.; methodology, K.W., S.G. and V.H.; project administration, S.G. and V.H.; resources, S.B., N.A., L.G., M.M., S.R. and S.C.C.; writing—original draft preparation, S.B., N.A., L.G., M.M., S.R. and S.C.C.; writing—review and editing, S.B., N.A., L.G., M.M., S.R. and S.C.C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Author Contributions: Conceptualization, S.B., N.A., L.G., M.M., K.W., S.R. and S.C.C.; methodology, K.W., S.G. and V.H.; project administration, S.G. and V.H.; resources, S.B., N.A., L.G., M.M., S.R. and S.C.C.; writing—original draft preparation, S.B., N.A., L.G., M.M., S.R. and S.C.C.; writing—review and editing, S.B., N.A., L.G., M.M., S.R. and S.C.C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birimingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; [email protected](K.W.); [email protected] (S.G.); [email protected] (V.H.) The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused and state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated
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