1,720,977 research outputs found
Optimal Irrigation and N-fertilizer Management for Sustainable Winter Wheat Production in Khorezm, Uzbekistan
No full textThe efficiency of the nitrogen (N) application rates 0, 120, 180 and 240 kg N ha−1 in combination with low or medium water levels in the cultivation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Kupava was studied for the 2005–2006 and 2006–2007 growing seasons in the Khorezm region of Uzbekistan. The results show an impact of the initial soil Nmin (NO3-N + NH4-N) levels measured at wheat seeding on the N fertilizer rates applied. When the Nmin content in the 0–50 cm soil layer was lower than 10 mg kg−1 during wheat seeding in 2005, the N rate of 180 kg ha−1 was found to be the most effective for achieving high grain yields of high quality. With a higher Nmin content of about 30 mg kg−1 as was the case in the 2006 season, 120 kg N ha−1 was determined as being the technical and economical optimum. The temporal course of N2O emissions of winter wheat cultivation for the two water-level studies shows that emissions were strongly influenced by irrigation and N-fertilization. Extremely high emissions were measured immediately after fertilizer application events that were combined with irrigation events. Given the high impact of N-fertilizer and irrigation-water management on N2O emissions, it can be concluded that present N-management practices should be modified to mitigate emissions of N2O and to achieve higher fertilizer use efficiency
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Agropastoral livelihood system typology for coping with socio-ecological diversity: A demonstrative case in Karauzyak, Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan
No full textSmallholder farms’ populations are characterized by their heterogeneity giving the diversity of farms’ livelihood settings. Integrated farming system modelling therefore requires a preliminary clear identification of the farm types in a location and for a given population. The main objective of the present study was to formulate empirical agricultural livelihood typology in the Karauzyak district of Uzbekistan for the purpose of integrated farming livelihood modelling. We used a multivariate analysis combining PCA to K-CA, and expert knowledge to identify agricultural livelihood types in Pontieba. Based on the Sustainable Livelihood Framework, a multidimensional dataset of 100 households was collected through face-to-face interviews. The results showed that the main variables discriminating agricultural livelihoods in Karauzyak district were human (labor, labor age, education and dependency), natural (land holdings and livestock), financial (annual gross income, and non-fam income) assets, and production orientation (cotton and marketable food crops production). Three agricultural livelihood types were identified: (1) Educated, land-poor, livestock- and poultry-rich, off-farm-income-oriented farms (type I), (2) Farm-income-dependent, less educated, land-poor, poultry-turned farms (type II), and (3) Land-rich, poultry-turned, off-farm-income-dependent farms (type III). The study recommends the use of this typology for policy intervention and further systems analysis and modelling in the Karauzyak district of Uzbekistan
Табиатни муҳофаза қилиш устидан давлат бошқаруви (Study Program for the course in “State management in nature protection”)
No full textЖаҳон тараққиётининг ҳозирги босқичида экология билан боғлиқ масалалар, табиат экотизими емирилишининг кенгайиб бориши, биологик хилма-хилликнинг қисқариши, табиий муҳит глобал ўзгаришининг таҳдиди, саноат объектларидаги ҳалокатлар, хўжалик ва бошқа турдаги фаолиятнинг атроф-муҳитга ва аҳоли саломатлигига салбий таъсири дунё ҳамжамиятини ташвишга солиб қўйди. Инсоннинг табиатга таъсири, ўз навбатида, табиатнинг инсониятга акс таъсирини келтириб чиқармоқда. Бунинг оқибатида мураккаб, кўп қиррали ва турли хусусиятли муаммолар юзага келмоқда.
Жумладан, давлат мустақиллигини қўлга киритган Ўзбекистон Республикасига ҳам экологик муаммолар оғир мерос қолди. Бу XX аср давомида шўролар ҳукуматининг ишлаб чиқариш ва табиатдан фойдаланишда экстенсив ёндашишга асосланган ижтимоий-иқтисодий сиёсатининг оқибатларидир. Иқтисодий вазифаларнинг устунлиги кўп ҳолларда атроф – муҳитни сақлаш тадбирларининг декларатив ва расмиятчилигини белгилаб берарди. Узоқ йиллар давомида ҳукм сурган маъмурий буйруқбозлик тизими табиатни забт этиш стратегиясига йўналтирилган эди. Шунинг учун ҳам рeспубликамизда мустақиллик йилларида асoсий эътибор инсoн фаoлияти, кишилар сoғлиғини ҳимoя қилиш учун қулай атрoф-муҳит шарoитларини таъминлашга қаратилди. Соҳада жуда катта таркибий ўзгаришлар амалга оширилиши натижасида бугунги кунда мамлакатимизда xалқарo ҳуқуқ тажрибаларига, замoнавий фан, тexника ва тexнoлoгияларга асoсланган мукаммал экoлoгик хавфсизлик тизими барпo этилган. Ўзбeкистoн Рeспубликаси миллий хавфсизлигининг бир қисмини ушбу мукаммал тизим ташкил этади. Мамлакатимиз экологик сиёсати том маънода алоҳида сиёсий институт сифатида шаклланган. Истиқлолнинг дастлабки кунларидан ҳозирги ва келажак авлод учун тоза табиий муҳитни сақлашга алоҳида эътибор қаратиб келинмоқда. Бу борада турли соҳада изланишлар олиб бораётган олимлар ва мутахассислар тадқиқотларининг ўзига хос ҳиссаси бор
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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