1,721,041 research outputs found
Estimating the income and socio-economic determinants of the demand for transport using household micro-data
No full textTHESIS 7348The purpose of this thesis is to examine the income and socio-economic determinants of
transport demand, using Dublin as a case study.
Chapter 1 sets the context by discussing the problem of excessive car use in urban areas
and the increasing movement away from earlier policies that were primarily concerned
with expanding road capacity towards a more integrated solution encompassing
investment in public transport and measures such as improved cycle and bus lanes,
parking restrictions and road pricing. In this context, the need for a better understanding
of the income and socio-economic factors influencing the demand for urban transport is
highlighted
Essays on labour productivity, technical efficiency and foreign direct investment in Irish manufacturing industry
No full textTHESIS 8047The aim of this thesis is to investigate the structural change that took place in the Irish manufacturing sector during the 1990s. Chapter 2 examines the patterns and growth of labour productivity and employment in Irish manufacturing industry over the 1990s for both domestic and foreign firms separately using 2-digit industry level data. We show that over the period overall labour productivity growth was 158 per cent. An examination of this growth by nationality of ownership shows that labour productivity growth has been much higher in foreign firms than it has been in their domestic counterparts, 185 per cent and 37 per cent for foreign and domestic firms, respectively which shows evidence of divergence of labour productivity in the Irish manufacturing sector between foreign and domestic firms. Our analysis of the sectoral growth rates in productivity between 1991 and 1999 shows that the sectors that are experiencing greater productivity growth are not the same for foreign as for Irish firms. Thus there is little evidence of convergence in productivity levels between domestic and foreign firms across sectors during the 1990s
European pharmaceutical industry : a micro-econometric analysis of growth dynamics and production location
No full textTHESIS 8798The aim of this thesis is to investigate the industry dynamics of expansion
and the location pattern of the European pharmaceutical industry in the Single
Market Programme era using micro-econometric approaches
Tax planning by firms and tax competition by goverments
No full textTHESIS 8333This thesis investigates tax planning by firms and tax com petition by governments. We begin in Chapter 1 by outlining the background, motivation and plan of the thesis. Chapter 2 reviews the relevant existing literature. This begins with a review of the canonical tax competition model. Estimates of the tax burden suggest an important role for nniltinational firms in explaining international tax reforms. Mindful of the variety of tax planning strategies available to multinational firms, we review estimates of the relative importance of tax planning by firms in explaining trends in tax burdens. We finish our review of the literature with a discussion of some recent papers which investigate the tax plaim ing decisions made by firms
Heterogeneity in Irish indigenous manufacturing export behaviour : a new conceptual framework
No full textTHESIS 8407This thesis explores firm heterogeneity; in particular it focuses on exporter heterogeneity
using a new conceptual framework which classifies firms on the basis of their exporting
experience over the life of the firm or period of observation, as appropriate.
This thesis contains four empirical chapters investigating heterogeneity in Irish indigenous
manufacturing exporting behaviour using plant-level data from the annual Census of
Industrial Production for the period 1985 to 2003. Chapter 2 builds on Wagner (2004) and
develops a new conceptual framework which decomposes exporters into six types: starters,
re-starters, continuing exporters with increased and decreased exports, re-stoppers and
stoppers. A particular feature of this framework is a distinction between firms that are
starting to export for the first time (export starters) and those that \u27re-start\u27 exporting,
having previously exported but stopped (export re-starters). This decomposition presents
the first evidence of what we term re-switching activity, which occurs when firms enter,
exit and then re-enter the export market at least once over the period of observation and, as
a consequence we are able to develop a new means of classifying heterogeneous exporters
into two main groups; (i) consistent exporters, and (ii) intermittent exporters, based on the
exporting behaviour of the firm over its life-time or period of observation, as relevant
Essays on the consequences of research and development for manufacturing firms in Ireland
No full textTHESIS 6157The aim of this thesis is to investigate some of the economic consequences for manufacturing firms of investing in research and development (R&D), using the Irish manufacturing sector as a case study. Chapter 1 outlines summary statistics on R&D in Irish manufacturing and the current policy objective of increasing R&D investment in Ireland. The aims, data sources and structure of the thesis are also outlined. Chapter 2 benchmarks the post-entry survival and growth of almost 4,000 indigenous new entrant plants that entered the Irish manufacturing sector over the period 1985 to 1995. A limitation of earlier studies that have explored the effect of innovation on the post-entry survival and growth of new entrant plants has been the use of sectoral level innovation data. This has restricted the authors from reaching conclusions about the role of innovative activity within a plant on its subsequent survival and growth. Using a panel dataset of almost four thousand plants which entered the Irish manufacturing sector over the period 1985-1995, we find that innovating plants have a higher probability of survival, but having survived, enjoy lower annual growth rates than non-innovators. In addition, we suggest that a major advantage for an innovating plant is that its post-entry growth is not constrained by initial size. In contrast, we find that initial size remains a significant explanatory factor in the subsequent growth of non-innovating plants
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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