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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Transposon mutagenesis of antagonistic bacterium acillus cereus C1L and the cloning of genes related to ntifungal activity
No full text本實驗室由百合根圈分離到一株臘狀芽孢桿菌(Bacillus cereus) C1L菌株，對多種植物病原真菌具有拮抗作用。由於目前對臘狀芽孢桿菌C1L菌株是否會產生已知的抗生物質，或是亦會產生其他抗生物質瞭解甚少，因此擬由轉位子誘變方式篩選失去對真菌拮抗作用之C1L誘變株，以進一步獲得與臘狀芽孢桿菌C1L菌株產生抗生物質有關的基因。本研究以紅黴素誘導Tn917ac1轉位子於C1L菌株中轉位，獲得850個誘變株，並將誘變株與十字花科蔬菜黑斑病菌（Alternaria brassicicola）對峙培養，篩選出35株拮抗能力減弱的誘變株；接著再以煙草赤星病菌（Alternaria longipes）進行篩選，獲得5株抗真菌能力顯著減弱的誘變株。進行南方雜合分析確定Tn917ac1插入這5個誘變株的全基因體中，其中只有1個誘變株（M-902）帶有單個Tn917ac1。當與四個病原真菌（A. brassicicola, A. longipes, Botrytis cinerea, B. elliptica）對峙培養時，誘變株M-902均表現減弱之抑菌能力，培養上清液對此四種真菌孢子之發芽亦表現減弱之抑菌能力。Tn917ac1週邊序列分析指出Tn917ac1插入一質體上，南方雜合分析亦顯示，誘變株M-902的質體在電泳膠體上有位移的現象，且Tn917ac1插入一開放解讀框架-orf1及其預測啓動子間。orf1緊鄰另一開放解讀框架-orf2，可能為同一個操縱組（operon）中的結構基因；以A. brassicicola做為測菌株進行互補試驗，結果顯示，包含預測之啟動子，orf1及orf2的載體，或者包含單一orf2 (含啓動子)在對孢子發芽之抑菌試驗中，可使誘變株M-902部分回復對孢子發芽之抑菌功能，以單一orf1 (含啓動子)無法使誘變株M-902回復對A. brassicicola之抑菌功能，由此結果推測orf2可能與C1L菌株抗生物質的產生相關。Bacillus cereus C1L, an antagonistic bacterium, was originally isolated from the rhizosphere of Fomorsa lily. In order to identify the genes related to the antagonistic ability of B. cereus C1L, a transponson insertion mutant library was constructed. Totally, 850 mutants were obtained. Alternaria brassicicola and Alternaria longipes were used in mutant screening on potato dextrose agar and a mutant, M-902, with significant decrease on antifungal activity was selected. M-902 loses its inhibitory activity against mycelial growth of A. brassicicola, A. longipes, Botrytis cinerea, and Botrytis elliptica ; in addition, the culture supernatant of M-902 decreases spore germination rate. Sequence analysis revealed that the Tn917ac1 was inserted into a plasmid pC1L8 of B. cereus C1L wild-type strain. Southern blot analysis showed a band shift of pC1L8 of B. cereus M-902. The Tn917ac1 insertion site was located downstream a putative promoter of open reading frames-orf1 and orf2。These two ORFs may constitute a two-gene operon. In a complementay test using A. brassicicola as the test fungus, the vector containing predicted promoter, orf1 and orf2, or orf2 singly showed a partial recovery of the inhibition on conidial germination, but orf1 singly could not recover the inhibition on conidial germination. Thus, orf 2 related to antibiotic production of strain C1L was presumed.壹、中文摘要 iv、英文摘要 v、前 言 1、前人研究 3、材料與方法 8、供試菌株與質體 8、利用轉位子Tn917ac1建構C1L菌株之突變庫 8、誘變株篩選 8、確認轉位子插入C1L誘變株染色體之南方雜合分析 9.1 C1L誘變株染色體DNA之抽取 9.2 南方雜合分析 10、確認誘變株抗真菌能力減弱 11.1 對峙培養 11.2 孢子發芽試驗 11、生長曲線 11、確認轉位子插入位置 11.1 將帶有轉位子的染色體片段送進大腸桿菌 11.2 大腸桿菌勝任細胞之製備及轉形 12.3 大腸桿菌質體抽取、限制酵素切割分析及聚合酶連鎖反應 12.4 定序及電腦序列分析 13.5 臘狀芽孢桿菌質體抽取及其南方雜合分析 13、互補試驗 14.1 質體的構築 14.2 穿梭質體之構築 15.3 電穿孔轉形 15.4 確認轉形株 17.5 孢子發芽試驗 17、野生株及誘變株內孢子形成能力測試 17、結 果 19、誘變株的篩選 19、誘變株的抑制真菌能力 19、生長曲線 19、Tn917ac1插入誘變株的位置及序列比對 20、互補株試驗 21、野生株及誘變株內孢子形成測試 23、討 論 24、圖表集 28一、供試菌株 29二、供試質體 30三、臘狀芽孢桿菌誘變株抑制真菌能力之等級 31四、臘狀芽孢桿菌誘變株之抑菌能力等級 32五、臘狀芽孢桿菌C1L野生菌株及誘變株M-902之抑制真菌的能力比較 34六、pC1L8之4076～1878 bp預測啟動子及其相關序列 35七、引子 36一、以南方雜合分析偵測不同臘狀芽孢桿菌誘變株其內含Tn917ac1的數目 37二、臘狀芽孢桿菌C1L野生菌株及誘變株M-902對真菌的拮抗能力 38三、臘狀芽孢桿菌C1L野生菌株及誘變株M-902上清濾液對四種菌孢子發芽之抑制率 39四、臘狀芽孢桿菌C1L野生菌株及誘變株M-902之生長曲線 40五、pM902E及pM902B 之限制酶切割分析 41六、以反向聚合酶連鎖反應確定pM902E具有Sp6及T7引子 42七、Tn917ac1插入位置之分析 43八、質體pC1L8之之序列分析(4076～1878 bp) 45九、臘狀芽孢桿菌C1L野生型菌株及誘變株M-902之質體pC1L8的 南方雜合分析 46十、pC1L8之ORF1與Sorangium cellulosum ''So ce 56'' 假設性分泌蛋白質之胺基酸序列比對 47十一、pC1L8之ORF2與Sorangium cellulosum ''So ce 56'' 假設性膜蛋白質之胺基酸序列比對 48十二、ORF1及ORF2之transmembrane helices預測 49十三、以專一性引子308及309對臘狀芽孢桿菌C1L野生菌株染色體及質體進行聚合酶連鎖反應之電泳圖 50十四、pGLKO1O2及pGLKO1之質體構築方式 51十五、pGLKO2之質體構築方式 52十六、pGLK、pGLKO1、pGLKO2及pGLKO1O2之質體圖譜 53十七、pGLK、pGLKO1、pGLKO2及pGLKO1O2之限制酶切割分析 54十八、以聚合酶連鎖反應確認pGLKO1、pGLKO2及pGLKO1O2轉 形入誘變株M-902 55十九、互補試驗 56二十、臘狀芽孢桿菌C1L野生菌株及誘變株M-902內孢子產生之比較 57、參考文獻 5
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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