17 research outputs found
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Analysing the political effects of ‘fake news’ deflections in the UK
No full textWe, the Editors and Publisher of West European Politics, have retracted the following article: Ric Neo (2023) ‘Analysing the political effects of ‘fake news’ deflections in the UK’, West European Politics, DOI: 10.1080/01402382.2023.2211836, published online on 21 June 2023. Since publication, significant concerns have been raised about overlaps in concept, theory and design with work made available as a conference panel paper by Kaylyn Jackson Schiff, Daniel Schiff and Natália Bueno in 2020, a precursor to their paper recently published in the American Political Science Review.Schiff, Kaylyn Jackson, Daniel Schiff, and Natália S. Bueno. 2020. ‘The Liar’s Dividend: How Deepfakes and Fake News Affect Politician Support and Trust in Media’. Presented at APPAM in November 2020.Schiff, Kaylyn Jackson, Daniel S. Schiff, and Natália S. Bueno. 2024. ‘The Liar’s Dividend: Can Politicians Claim Misinformation to Evade Accountability?’ American Political Science Review. Published online 2024:1–20. doi: 10.1017/S0003055423001454. Schiff, Kaylyn Jackson, Daniel Schiff, and Natália S. Bueno. 2020. ‘The Liar’s Dividend: How Deepfakes and Fake News Affect Politician Support and Trust in Media’. Presented at APPAM in November 2020. Schiff, Kaylyn Jackson, Daniel S. Schiff, and Natália S. Bueno. 2024. ‘The Liar’s Dividend: Can Politicians Claim Misinformation to Evade Accountability?’ American Political Science Review. Published online 2024:1–20. doi: 10.1017/S0003055423001454. Upon query, the author has not been able to provide a satisfactory explanation for this significant level of overlap and the inadequacy of accreditation. As this is a serious breach of our Editorial Policies, we are retracting the article from the journal. The author has agreed to retract the article. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as ‘Retracted’.</p
Lowering pain and inflammation drug costs: Evaluating the impact of the Mark Cuban Cost Plus drug company model on Medicare savings
No full textBackground: Pain and inflammation are among the most prevalent and debilitating conditions affecting Medicare beneficiaries, with 78% reporting chronic pain and nearly half relying on medications like NSAIDs, acetaminophen, and anticonvulsants for management. These conditions necessitate long-term pharmaceutical interventions, contributing significantly to the rising costs within Medicare Part D, which covers prescription drugs for over 80% of beneficiaries. Current pricing structures and the inability to negotiate prices exacerbate the financial strain on this demographic, leading to high out-of-pocket expenses and reduced medication adherence. This study examines the potential of the Mark Cuban Cost Plus Drug Company (MCCPDC) pricing model to address these challenges by providing affordable alternatives for pain and inflammation medications.Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted comparing 2022 Medicare Part D spending data with 2024 MCCPDC prices for 25 generic medications in their ‘Pain & Inflammation’ category. Cost comparisons were performed for 30 count and 90 count prescriptions, incorporating shipping fees. Data analysis employed volume-adjusted calculations to estimate Medicare cost savings.Results: The analysis indicated potential annual Medicare cost savings of 134 million. Naproxen Sodium ER also demonstrated significant savings, with an estimated reduction of $33 million in costs compared to Medicare’s rates. These findings highlight the potential for substantial cost savings by addressing inefficiencies in Medicare Part D’s current pricing models for high-utilization drugs.Conclusion: Integrating MCCPDC's transparent pricing model into Medicare Part D could substantially reduce costs, improve medication adherence, and alleviate the financial burden on beneficiaries managing chronic pain and inflammation. Physicians play a critical role in this process by informing their patients about alternative pricing models, such as those offered by MCCPDC, to help them access affordable medications. Implementing such a model could serve as a cornerstone for broader healthcare reforms aimed at enhancing affordability in the U.S. healthcare system
Endorsement of artificial intelligence guidelines across leading obstetrics and gynecology journals: A preliminary cross-sectional analysis
No full textBackground: Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming research in Obstetrics and Gynecology by advancing data analysis, facilitating systematic reviews, and enhancing clinical applications. However, its adoption raises concerns related to transparency, ethical considerations, and reproducibility. This study investigates how leading Obstetrics and Gynecology journals address these concerns and opportunities through their author instructions and editorial policies.Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on the top 100 peer-reviewed Obstetrics and Gynecology journals, ranked by the 2023 SCImago SJR indicator. Information was collected from each journal's "Instructions for Authors" to assess AI-related policies, including specific guidelines for reporting AI use, authorship criteria, and the role of AI in manuscript development and image creation. Correlation analyses were used to explore the relationship between AI-related policies and the journals’ characteristics.Results: Among the 100 journals reviewed, 92% included guidance on AI usage in their author instructions. Most journals prohibited AI authorship while mandating disclosure of AI involvement in manuscript submissions. While 14% of the journals allowed AI-generated content, only 7% permitted AIgenerated images. Journals with higher impact factors were more likely to have detailed AI policies, although there were notable gaps in standardization and clarity.Conclusion: Although many Obstetrics and Gynecology journals recognize the growing influence of AI in research, few have implemented specific AI reporting guidelines (RGs), limiting the consistency and transparency of AI usage. We advocate for the development of robust and standardized guidelines to ensure that research remains ethical, reproducible, and of high quality in this new era of AI innovation
A cross-sectional study on the endorsement of reporting guidelines and clinical trial registration among immunology and allergy journals.
No full textBackgroundHealthcare practitioners rely on research based on solid evidence for their clinical decisions, ensuring the provision of safe and effective patient care. The use of reporting guidelines and the registration of clinical trials enhance the reliability and credibility of research findings by promoting transparency and minimizing potential biases. However, it remains uncertain to what extent leading immunology and allergy journals have embraced these tools. This study aims to evaluate how commonly reporting guidelines and clinical trial registration are required and endorsed within leading immunology and allergy journals.MethodsWe identified the top 100 journals in the subcategory of "Immunology and Allergy" using the Scopus CiteScore tool for the year 2021. We thoroughly reviewed the "Instructions for Authors" section of each journal, focusing on indications related to specific reporting guidelines as outlined by the Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of Health Research (EQUATOR) Network, as well as the practice of clinical trial registration. Our documentation categorized statements as "Not Mentioned," "Recommended," "Not Accepted," or "Required." The category "Not Accepted" specifically indicated that the journal explicitly did not accept the study designs associated with certain reporting guidelines, rather than implying bias against these guidelines. ensure equitable evaluation, we communicated with each journal to confirm the types of articles they accepted.ResultsAmong the 100 journals assessed, the CONSORT guideline emerged as the most frequently cited, with 60 journals recommending adherence and 13 requiring it. Conversely, the QUOROM guideline was the least commonly cited, with merely two journals recommending its adherence and none requiring it. Nineteen journals did not reference a single reporting guideline. Remarkably, clinical trial registration was required by 42 journals and recommended by 34.ConclusionThis study reveals variation in the adoption of reporting guidelines and clinical trial registration in immunology and allergy journals. While some journals strongly advocate for or require these practices, others do not emphasize them at all. This inconsistency affects research rigor and reproducibility, highlighting the need for stricter enforcement. Editors should encourage these practices to enhance transparency and minimize biases
An Evidence-Based Resource for Faculty Addressing Non-Course-Specific Student Needs
No full textabstract: The goal of this thesis was to create a resource addressing non-course-specific (NCS) student needs that College of Integrative Sciences and Arts (CISA) faculty can provide to their students when appropriate. Students attend faculty office hours for a variety of reasons, and not all are academic in nature. Data was collected in order to determine which resources were lacking in addressing these needs. Student need was identified through a 13-item survey regarding faculty perception of NCS student needs, including the primary reason for office hour visitation and the primary sources of stress, academic advising, and time management complaints from their students. Additionally, feedback was collected regarding faculty perception of available resources and likelihood of utilizing a new resource. Throughout the Downtown, Tempe, and Polytechnic campuses, 24 faculty responded. It was found that work stress, familial stress, academic advising requests, and students comments of being overwhelmed were the primary NCS student needs as perceived by faculty. Additionally, the majority of faculty reported not feeling fully equipped to address these needs. This information was used to create a resource compiling a list of University and off-campus tools that students can access to address these needs. The resource combined data from faculty and from the literature to address general and specific issues of stress, academic advising, feeling ‘off,’ and recovery and was created a double-sided handout to be used electronically or for print. It is currently available for faculty use. With further research, this resource could be expanded or refined to address the needs of a larger population of students in different colleges or on different campuses. Eventually, this could be used as a University-wide tool
Nanotechnology Activity Videos
No full textabstract: Many nanotechnology-related principles can be demonstrated in a way that is understandable for elementary school-aged children through at-home activity videos. As a part of a National Science Foundation funded grant, Dr. Qing Hua Wang’s research group at Arizona State University developed a nanotechnology-related activity website, Nano@Home, for students. In conjunction with ASU’s virtual Open Door 2021, this creative project aimed to create activity videos based on the Nano@Home website to make the activities more interactive for students. (abstract
