1,721,543 research outputs found
Complex refractive index spectra of whole blood and aqueous solutions of anticoagulants, analgesics and buffers in the mid-infrared
No full textMid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy is a powerful tool for characterising the vibrations of molecular bonds and is therefore ideal for label-free detection of chemical species. Recent research into thin-film deposition and etching techniques for mid-infrared materials shows potential for realising miniaturised bedside biosensors for clinical diagnostics exploiting MIR spectroscopy, to replace laboratory based-techniques. However, lack of refractive index information for commonly encountered biological media and analytes hampers optimisation of biosensor performance for maximum sensitivity, especially for devices exploiting evanescent spectroscopy. Here we present refractive index data for human whole blood and several aqueous solutions of general interest to the clinical community: anticoagulants, analgesics and buffers. The refractive indices are generally dominated by the water content of each sample and the whole blood spectra exhibit additional strong features due to protein content. Furthermore, we present a generalised method for extracting complex refractive indices of aqueous solutions in the mid-infrared region using conventional attenuated total reflection Fourier transform spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) without the need for collimated or polarised incident light, as is required for existing methods
Dataset - Complex refractive index spectra of whole blood and aqueous solutions of anticoagulants, analgesics and buffers in the mid-infrared
No full textThe data contained in data.xlsx are those used to plot the figures in the article.
Measurement data were collected by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy at the University of Southampton between June 2014 and January 2017. Full methodological details can be found in the article.
The XY data for each figure are contained in separate worksheets within data.xlsx. Each dataset is labelled with its name and unit. Generally, for plots with several spectral traces with respect to wavelength, each trace is sampled at identical wavelengths so wavelength is only listed once. In Figs. 1, 3 and 4 in the article, each trace is offset from one another for clarity. This offset is listed for each trace in data.xlsx but is not included in the tabulated data.
Briefly, each figure shows:
Fig.1: absorbance spectra of DI water, whole blood and aqueous solutions of paracetamol, aspirin, heparin, EDTA, PBS and CBC.
Fig. 2: empirical effective penetration depth deff calculated from the measured absorbance and literature k values of water.
Fig. 3: imaginary refractive index spectra k for whole blood and aqueous solutions of paracetamol, aspirin, heparin, EDTA, PBS and CBC.
Fig. 4: real refractive index spectra n for whole blood and aqueous solutions of paracetamol, aspirin, heparin, EDTA, PBS and CBC.
Fig. 5: real part of refractive index spectra n for whole blood and aqueous solutions of paracetamol, aspirin, heparin, EDTA, PBS and CBC.
Fig. 6: change in the real and imaginary parts of refractive index for whole blood with respect to water.
Fig. 7: change in the imaginary (top row) and real (bottom row) parts of refractive index for all the aqueous solutions with respect to water.
The data may be reused under Creative Common Attribution v4.0.</span
Otto Blumenthal über David Hilbert
Full text linkOtto Blumenthals Hommage an David Hilbert erschien
1922 in einem Heft der Naturwissenschaften, das dem 60.
Geburtstag des Göttinger Mathematikers gewidmet war
[1]. Blumenthal war der erste Doktorand Hilberts, managing
editor der von ihm herausgegebenen Mathematischen
Annalen und bestens mit seinem wissenschaftlichen Werk
vertraut. Mit dem Wiederabdruck von Blumenthals Beitrag
in diesem Heft der Mitteilungen ehrt die DMV nicht
nur Hilbert im Jahr seines 150. Geburtstags, sondern sie
erinnert damit auch an den 1944 in Theresienstadt ums
Leben gekommenen Blumenthal
The sport field in Australia : the market, the state, the nation and the world beyond in Pierre Bourdieu's favourite game
No full textThis chapter appraises the game’s similar and distinctive transformations in the case of Australia, focusing on the last 30 years but recognizing the preceding historical factors that helped condition rugby union’s corner of the Australian sport field. It has been highlighted for two principal reasons – the rough ‘coincidence’ of its professionalization with the release of Creative Nation, and the centrality of commercialization, crucially accompanied by transnationalism and ‘nationing’, to the changing nature and position of the sport. Of course, rugby union cannot represent the entire Australian sport field – itself, in any case, a phenomenon that is resistant to easy conceptual and empirical capture – but it can effectively illuminate a range of convergent and divergent processes that help constitute the sport field as a whole
Sport : scandal, gender and the nation
No full textSport generates and attracts intensive media and public attention, including through highly-charged scandals, because it is a social institution characterised by a deep contradiction between its noble mythologies (most conspicuously evident in the philosophy of Olympism) and some of its more ignoble practices. Sport is also routinely treated as integral to national identity. For example, Australian Citizenship: Our Common Bond, the official information booklet for the citizenship test, states that "[t]hroughout our history, sport has both characterised the Australian people and united us" (Commonwealth of Australia, 2013: 43). If this proposition is accepted, a crisis of sport is also a crisis of Australian national identity. This occasional paper addresses and analyses the sport-nation nexus, paying particular regard to two issues: the relationship between sport, gender and citizenship in view of the male domination of Australian sport; and the meaning of sport-based national identity in an increasingly demographically and culturally diverse Australia where identification with the nation through sport cannot be automatically assumed, and may be proplematic. Discussion of these subjects seeks to encourage sociologically informed public debate on one of Australia's most cherished and flawed social institutions
“Events of national importance and cultural significance” : sport, television and the anti-siphoning regime in Australia
No full textIn has often been claimed that Australia is a country that has an especially close and enduring attachment to sport. In Richard Cashman’s (2010) eponymous book title, Australia has been perceived as a “Paradise of Sport,” while Daryl Adair and Wray Vamplew (1997, p. ix) open their book Sport in Australian History with the proposition that “Sport has long been a central feature of Australian popular culture – so much so that enthusiasm for sport has been described widely as characteristic of being Australian.” Whether such typification of Australia can be sustained by comparative international empirical evidence is not of specific concern here, nor are the causes (variously ascribed, separately and in combination, to convict and colonial history, masculinity, climate, and cultural isolation –see, for example, Stoddart 1986). What can be ascertained, the subject of this chapter and book, is that there is no developed television sport environment in the world that is more heavily protected than Australia. The reason for this arrangement is, primarily, a combination of two forces: the power of the popular demand to maintain premium sport on free-to-air television and the political influence of the commercial terrestrial television sector, especially of the Nine Network (which routinely claims to be the most important sport broadcaster) and, in particular, of its most powerful figure, the late Kerry Packer (who died in December 2005)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Afterword : sport, public service media and a “red button” future
No full textIn covering a range of national contexts in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North and South America, this book has demonstrated that, while there are divergent histories and trajectories regarding the mediation of sport, there are also important common concerns that transcend such differences. In short, these commonalities revolve around sport’s place within national cultures and the processes of determining the respective roles of the state and the market in mediating sport for the citizenry. In several countries we have seen that the history of sport television has been characterized by a pioneering monopoly role of non-commercial free-to-air broadcasters. A significant exception to this pattern is the US, where commercial free-to-air network television was formative in sport provision in the absence of major publicly funded broadcasters. In all countries, though, sport has subsequently become a crucial offering of subscription television platforms now primarily owned by deep-pocketed, vertically-integrated media/telecommunications conglomerates that have used their vast economic resources to squeeze free-to-air television out of much premium sport. In order to prevent a subscription sport television monopoly that would require all citizens to pay to watch sports events of national significance, and with the inevitable consequence that many would be excluded on material grounds, the state has intervened in many nations by instituting ‘anti-siphoning’ regimes of varying strength, or by regulating the growth of subscription platforms in order to guarantee some free-to-air sport in the interests of cultural citizenship and media market balance. However, the hegemony of broadcasting model in sport has since been challenged by technological developments, especially by online-and-telecommunication based services that have ushered in many non-broadcast delivery models for media sport (Hutchins and Rowe 2012)
Sport, public service media, and cultural citizenship
No full textFor many of us born in the second half of the 20th century in countries where television became an ordinary feature of domestic life, watching live telecasts of sport on public and commercial terrestrial (free-to-air) broadcasters was, until very recently, a habitual leisure activity, part of the rhythm of our lives and a key source of fun, pleasure, community and, at times, common culture. In the new millennium, television continues to carry the most popular global sporting events, including the Olympic Games and the FIFA (International Federation of Football Associations) World Cup, as well as other key elements of national popular culture, into an unprecedented number of homes thanks to the emergence of new cable and satellite systems, and a host of other pay-TV services. Yet, just as these developments have radically expanded the viewing opportunities for subscribers (and filled the coffers of various sports leagues, organizations, teams, and professional athletes) so, too, have they worked to undermine the longstanding ‘viewing rights’ (Rowe 2004a) of citizens irrespective of their class position or personal financial circumstances. Live access to telecasts of sporting events of national cultural significance in locales around the world is increasingly a matter of capacity to pay. At the same time, and array of integrated mobile technologies controlled by powerful commercial telecommunication empires can now deliver a seemingly unlimited amount of sports content for paying audiences as part of free-to-air broadcast television as the medium of choice for the distribution and consumption of sport
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