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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Relations hydriques et métabolisme azoté chez deux légumineuses fourragères Sulla carnosa et Medicago truncatula en condition de déficit hydrique
No full textWater deficit stress causes major economic and ecological problems, such as the significant reduction in plant production, especially in forage species. The effects of drought on biomass production is often associated to a disturbance of the nitrogen metabolism, this element is essential for plant growth and development. Based on physiological, biochemical and molecular approaches we have characterized the response of Sulla carnosa and Medicago truncatula to water deficit stress alone or combined with salt stress, in order to compare drought tolerance of these two species and to identify tolerance traits related to nitrogen metabolism. We studied the effects of water deficit on the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in the regulation of nitrogen metabolism, such as glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH). Activities of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of compatible nitrogenous compounds such as proline (pyrroline 5-carboxylate synthetase P5CS and proline dehydrogenase PDH) were determined, as well as the expression of a nitrate transporter MtNRT1.3. Our results showed a marked effect of water deficit stress on the biomass production of both species, with a more pronounced effect on the halophytic one ((Sulla carnosa) when compared to Medicago truncatula. An effect of water deficit is also observed on the activity of enzymes involved in ammonium assimilation (GS and GDH). In both species glutamate metabolism was directed towards the synthesis of adaptive metabolites such as proline. Upon rehydration, a partial plant growth re-establishment was observed. Regrowth capacity is a very important for forage plant, since in their natural habitats they are exposed to alternating rainy and dry periods. The additino of salt to water deficit stressed-plants mitigates the deleterious effects of this constraint on growth in the halophytic species S. carnosa.Le déficit hydrique est à l’origine de problèmes économiques et écologiques majeurs, dont particulièrement la forte réduction de la production des plantes, à l’instar des espèces fourragères. L’effet de la sécheresse sur la production de biomasse est souvent associé à une perturbation du métabolisme de l’azote, qui est un élément essentiel pour la plante. En se basant sur des approches physiologiques, biochimiques et moléculaires nous avons caractérisé le comportement de Sulla carnosa et de Medicago truncatula vis-à-vis du déficit hydrique seul ou combiné à la salinité, en vue d’identifier parmi ces deux légumineuses la plus tolérante a ces contraintes prises séparément ou en combinaison et d’établir des traits de tolérance liés au métabolisme azoté. Les effets du déficit hydrique sur la régulation de l’expression de gènes codant pour des enzymes impliquées dans la régulation du métabolisme azoté (Glutamine synthétase, GS et la Glutamate déshydrogénase, GDH), la biosynthèse de composés compatibles azotés tel que la proline (Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthétase, P5CS et Proline déshydrogénase, PDH) et l’expression d’un transporteur du nitrate (MtNRT1.3) ont été étudiés. Les résultats montrent un effet dépressif du déficit hydrique sur la production de biomasse chez les deux espèces, avec cependant un effet plus prononcé sur S. carnosa, espèce halophytique que sur M. truncatula. Le déficit hydrique affecte également les activités GS et GDH impliquées dans la voie d’assimilation de l’ammonium. Chez les deux espèces le métabolisme de glutamate est fortement sollicité pour l’élaboration des métabolites d’intérêt adaptatif tel que la proline. Après la levé du stress, un rétablissement partiel de la croissance est observé, ce comportement est considéré très important chez les plantes fourragères, puisque dans leurs biotopes naturels, ces plantes sont exposées à une alternance de périodes sèches et pluvieuses. L’ajout du sel en condition limitante en eau atténue les effets délétères de la contrainte hydrique sur la croissance seulement chez l’espèce halophytique S. carnosa
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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