1,721,080 research outputs found
Osteoblastic Differentiation and Proliferation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells or Osteoblast-like Cells on Bone Scaffolds in Oral and Periodontal Surgery: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies
Full text linkAim: This systematic review critically evaluates in vitro studies on the osteoblastic behavior of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and human osteoblast-like cells on three-dimensional (3D) bone scaffold materials. The review identifies key osteogenic proliferation and differentiation determinants and explores their potential clinical implications in oral and periodontal surgery. Methods: A comprehensive electronic search was conducted across Medline/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published up to May 3, 2025. Inclusion criteria were limited to in vitro studies, written in English, investigating osteogenic proliferation and differentiation of hMSCs or human osteoblast-like cells on xenograft granule- shaped or block-formed scaffolds. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using established parameters for cell culture research. Results: The review included 22 studies out of 931 screened articles. Deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) was the most frequently investigated biomaterial. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteocalcin immunoassay, and mor- phological analysis were identified as key tools for assessing in vitro osteoblast differentiation. Significant heterogeneity in scaffold composition and experimental design precluded meta-analysis, and results were synthesized narratively. Conclusions: Xenogeneic bone substitutes, particularly DBBM, demonstrate optimal osteoconductivity in vitro. While these in vitro findings suggest potential for clinical application, the heterogeneity of existing research highlights the need for well-designed in vivo studies and clinical trials to validate these results and establish optimal bone scaffold materials and strategies for oral and periodontal surgery. Clinical Relevance: Biofunctionalization and cell-to-scaffold contact are essential clinical requirements for attachment and integration of bone grafts. Biologically, a deeper understanding of the specific roles, reliability, and optimal conditions for applying bone substitutes in clinical applications is require
Bone dehiscences and fenestrations of the anterior mandibular facial bone wall: a retrospective cone beam computed tomography study
No full textBACKGROUND: To calculate the prevalence of dehiscences and fenestrations and measure the buccal alveolar bone width overlying healthy mandibular incisors and canines. METHODS: Cone beam computerized tomographies (CBCTs) from patients aged 18 to 30 years were selected from a private database. The thickness of buccal bone in the sagittal scan was measured perpendicular to the long axis of 6 teeth at two locations: at the crest level and at the mid-root level. A single calibrated examiner performed all measurements. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. RESULT S: A total of 100 CBCTs (600 teeth) were selected for the analysis. The overall prevalence of dehiscences and fenestrations was 89.16% and 5.16%, respectively. Dehiscences and fenestrations were shown to have a mean length of 6.78±1.90 mm and 4.89±1.74 mm, respectively. This result was similar between young and old subjects as well as between men and women. Bone width at the crest level was significantly thinner in women (0.71±0.13 mm), whereas men were found to have a statistically significant thicker bone at the mid-root level of tooth #33. Comparisons of bone width at the mid-root level among the 6 analyzed teeth showed no statistical difference. CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of dehiscences and sites with thin buccal bone were identified in correspondence of the lower anterior teeth by means of CBCT analysis
Scanning Electron Microscopy Evaluation of Root Surfaces After Instrumentation With Two Piezoelectric Devices
No full textScanning electron microscopy evaluation of root surfaces after ultrasonic instrumentation was performed with 2 different metallic tips on piezoelectric devices. Fresh extracted teeth were collected for experimental observation and randomly divided into 2 groups: Test Group, where the root surfaces were treated using an iron, rough, double nano-structural coated (T-Black), corindone-treated tip, and Control Group where the root surfaces were treated with a conventional iron smooth tip. A scanning electronic microscope analysis was performed and the surface roughness and the amount of residual debris were evaluated. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Twenty specimens were analyzed, 10 per group and a total of 21.4 × 10 μm has been observed. On treated area percentage of debris after ultrasonic scaling in Test Group was 1.9 ± 1.8%, while in Control Group it was 5.7 ± 4.3%. Within the limits of the study, it seems that the efficacy of the novel iron, rough, double nano-structural coated (T-Black), corindone-treated structure tip showed greater performance in terms of root surface debridement than the conventional iron smooth tip. The possibility to use a single tool (ultrasonic device with a specific tip) for the root planing procedure within the nonsurgical mechanical therapy may represent a significant advantage for the clinicians. The tested novel tip seems to be able to show the requested ideal characteristics. However, further clinical studies are needed to demonstrate the in vitro results
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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