1,720,954 research outputs found
Ein weiterentwickeltes Modell psychischer Sättigung
No full textDas Konzept der “psychischen Sättigung“ geht zurück auf Kurt Lewin und Anitra Karsten, die damit einen Anreizverlust und einen zunehmenden Widerwillen während der wiederholten Ausführung einer Handlung kennzeichnen. Im Gegensatz zur allgemein konstatierten hohen Anwendungsrelevanz dieses Konzepts (z.B. in der Arbeitspsychologie) steht seine mangelnde theoretische Klarheit, die zunächst anhand zentraler Defizite aufgezeigt wird. Als Lösungsmöglichkeit für die skizzierten Probleme wird ein weiterentwickeltes Modell psychischer Sättigung vorgestellt, in dem psychische Sättigung als Verlust intrinsischer Motivation während der wiederholten Handlungsausführung konzeptualisiert wird. Als zentrale Moderatorvariablen werden die Ich-Beteiligung in der Handlungsregulation sowie - während der Übersättigungsphase - der Autonomiegrad dieser Regulation herausgearbeitet. Abschließend werden Ansatzpunkte für weitergehende theoretische und empirische Untersuchungen zum Sättigungskonzept skizziert. The concept of “psychic satiation” was introduced by Kurt Lewin and Anitra Karsten, who used this term to refer to a loss of incentive and a growing aversion during the repeated performance of an action. Although this concept is ascribed high practical relevance (e.g., in industrial psychology), it lacks theoretical clarity, as we show by pointing out its central deficits. As a solution to these problems we propose a revised model of psychic satiation, in which psychic satiation is conceptualized as a loss of intrinsic motivation during the repeated performance of an action. Ego-involvement in regulating the action as well as the degree of autonomy of this regulation are conceptualized as central moderator variables for psychic satiation. Finally, we briefly outline directions for further research on psychic satiation.The concept of “psychic satiation” was introduced by Kurt Lewin and Anitra Karsten, who used this term to refer to a loss of incentive and a growing aversion during the repeated performance of an action. Although this concept is ascribed high practical relevance (e.g., in industrial psychology), it lacks theoretical clarity, as we show by pointing out its central deficits. As a solution to these problems we propose a revised model of psychic satiation, in which psychic satiation is conceptualized as a loss of intrinsic motivation during the repeated performance of an action. Ego-involvement in regulating the action as well as the degree of autonomy of this regulation are conceptualized as central moderator variables for psychic satiation. Finally, we briefly outline directions for further research on psychic satiation
Psychische Sättigung: Eine neue experimentelle Untersuchung zu einem alten Konstrukt
No full textDie vorliegende Untersuchung knüpft an die Arbeiten von Karsten (1928) und Lewin (1928) zum Phänomen der psychischen Sättigung an. Psychische Sättigung bezeichnet einen Verlust intrinsischer Motivation bei der wiederholten Ausführung von Handlungen. Im Gegensatz zur weithin konstatierten hohen theoretischen und praktischen Relevanz des Phänomens sind die Bedingungen, die psychische Sättigung auslösen und/oder verstärken, kaum empirisch untersucht worden. Auf Grundlage des von Karsten und Lewin formulierten sowie von Schulz-Hardt, Rott, Meinken und Frey (in Druck) präzisierten Sättigungskonzepts wird postuliert, daß schwer peripherisierbare (d. h. als weitgehend unbewußte Nebenhandlung ausführbare) sowie persönlich relevante Tätigkeiten in höherem Ausmaß zu Sättigung führen sollten als leicht peripherisierbare sowie persönlich wenig relevante Tätigkeiten. Dies wurde in einem Experiment mit 66 Schülern überprüft, die verschiedene Variationen des Konzentrations-Leistungs-Tests (KLT) bearbeiteten. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen weitgehend unsere Vorhersage. Zudem finden sich Hinweise darauf, daß der Zusammenhang zwischen Sättigung und Leistung durch die Peripherisierbarkeit sowie die persönliche Relevanz der Aufgabe moderiert wird.The present experiment on the phenomenon of psychic satiation expands on the work of Karsten (1928) and Lewin (1928). Psychic satiation denotes a loss of intrinsic motivation when the same action is performed repeatedly. Although many studies have shown the high theoretical and practical relevance of this phenomenon, the conditions which lead to or reinforce psychic satiation have rarely been investigated empirically. Based on the concept of psychic satiation as formulated by Karsten and Lewin and refined by Schulz-Hardt, Rott, Meinken, and Frey (in press), we predicted that psychic satiation will increase if the task does not lend itself to being carried out “peripherally¾ (i.e., as an almost unconscious incidental action) and if it has high personal relevance. These predictions were investigated in an experiment with 66 high-school students who performed different versions of the “Konzentrations-Leistungs-Test¾ (concentration-performance-test, KLT). The results are largely in line with our predictions. In addition, the results indicate that the relation between satiation and performance is moderated by personal relevance and the induced task characteristic
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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