130,877 research outputs found
Rotolo, Sam D.
No full textCentro Asturiano membership record of Sam D. Rotolo; Socio Number: 113717.https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/asturiano_membership/5368/thumbnail.jp
Leveraging learning behavior and network structure to improve knowledge gatekeepers’ performance
No full textMatching Medline/PubMed data with Web of Science: A routine in R language
No full textWe present a novel routine, namely medlineR, based on the R language, that allows the user to match data from Medline/PubMed with records indexed in the ISI Web of Science (WoS) database. The matching allows exploiting the rich and controlled vocabulary of medical subject headings (MeSH) of Medline/PubMed with additional fields of WoS. The integration provides data (e.g., citation data, list of cited reference, list of the addresses of authors' host organizations, WoS subject categories) to perform a variety of scientometric analyses. This brief communication describes medlineR, the method on which it relies, and the steps the user should follow to perform the matching across the two databases. To demonstrate the differences from Leydesdorff and Opthof (Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 64(5), 1076-1080), we conclude this artcle by testing the routine on the MeSH category "Burgada syndrome.
Text-mining historical sources to trace technological change: The case of mass production
No full textThis paper explores the use of large-scale and longitudinal textual analysis of historical sources to trace technological change over periods longer than 100 years. The notion of technical change has been central to research efforts in Economics of Innovation, Science Policy and Innovation Studies, and Science and Technology Studies. Research efforts in these areas have focused on different aspects of technological change: these ranging from examining the determinants of technological trajectories on the basis of quantitative analysis of technological artifacts, to investigating the socio-technical factors shaping technological evolution on the basis of qualitative historical case studies. Building upon recent advances in text-mining techniques, this paper examines to what extent technological and social aspects can be jointly explored with the analysis of historical textual sources. To do so, the paper explores how these techniques can be used to trace technical change, to explore controversies relating to the acceptance of technologies, and to map the diffusion of technologies across socio-technical systems using the case of mass production
Commento giurisprudenziale sistematico al D. lgs. 28 agosto 2000, n. 274 (artt. 52-62bis)
No full textCommento giurisprudenziale sistematico al D. lgs. 28 agosto 2000, n. 274 (artt. 52-62bis
The complementary effect of partner selection and alliance scope on the innovative performance of R&D alliances
No full textThis paper investigates how the scope of technological search performed by allied firms complements the effect of two major partner selection criteria on the innovative performance of strategic alliances. Based on the empirical analysis of 1,912 R&D alliances in the EEE industry, we show that the selection of both: (1) distant partners, and (2) partners belonging to the same industrial group as the selecting firm, exert a negative impact on innovation. However, the impact of the two selection criteria on the alliance innovative performance is positive when the alliance is aimed at searching widely. We argue that the wider search scope the more knowledge diversity between partners and the existence of strong control mechanisms within the relationship enhance innovation in R&D alliances
It s how widely you search and from where you get the pieces. How search scope and the origins of knowledge impact innovative performance in R&D alliances
No full textInnovation is a fundamental source of competitive advantage, and a large literature has struggled to understand the drivers of innovation and how they should be managed to increase innovative performance (Brown and Eisenhardt, 1995). Evolutionary theorists and organizational scholars have taught us that innovation arises from the exploration of new trajectories, which in turn leads to the creation of new knowledge (Nelson and Winter, 1982; March, 1991). The new knowledge, however, typically results from novel combinations of existing pieces of knowledge obtained from multiple different, internal and external, sources (Schumpeter, 1934; Galunic and Rodan, 1998; Fleming, 2001). Based on this stylized picture of the innovation process, we argue that, in order to better understand what drives innovative performance, we need to focus both on how economic actors search for new knowledge (i.e., explore), and on the characteristics of the existing knowledge that is combined to generate innovation. In this paper we make a first step towards using the above framework for empirical research.
In doing so, we start from the assumption that firms and their innovative activities are embedded in complex interpersonal and interorganizational networks that influence innovative performance at the firm, dyad, and network levels (Kreiner and Schultz, 1993; Liebeskind et al., 1996; Capaldo, 2007). Specifically, we focus on dyadic interfirm R&D alliances (R&D alliances hereinafter), which have been shown to be a tremendous source of innovation in previous literature (Shan, Walker and Kogut, 1994; Baum, Calabrese and Silverman, 2000). However, while the drivers of innovation performance at the firm level have been examined extensively (e.g. Stuart, 2000; Sampson, 2007), little is known about the factors that influence innovative performance at the dyad level.
In an attempt to fill this gap, we focus on two relevant such factors, namely the scope of the search performed by the allied firms and the geographical and organizational origins of the knowledge resources that the participating organizations contribute to the alliance and integrate across their boundaries for the benefit of the relationship. We develop testable hypotheses about the (both separate and joint) impact of these factors on the innovative performance of R&D alliances, and we test them on a sample of 1912 R&D alliances established by ten multinationals operating in the Electric and Electronic Equipment (EEE) industry
It’s how widely you search and from where you get the pieces. How search scope and the origins of knowledge impact the innovative performance of R&D alliances
No full textInnovation is a fundamental source of competitive advantage, and a large literature has struggled to understand the drivers of innovation and how they should be managed to increase innovative performance (Brown and Eisenhardt, 1995). Evolutionary theorists and organizational scholars have taught us that innovation arises from the exploration of new trajectories, which in turn leads to the creation of new knowledge (Nelson and Winter, 1982; March, 1991). The new knowledge, however, typically results from novel combinations of existing pieces of knowledge obtained from multiple different, internal and external, sources (Schumpeter, 1934; Galunic and Rodan, 1998; Fleming, 2001). Based on this stylized picture of the innovation process, we argue that, in order to better understand what drives innovative performance, we need to focus both on how economic actors search for new knowledge (i.e., explore), and on the characteristics of the existing knowledge that is combined to generate innovation. In this paper we make a first step towards using the above framework for empirical research.
In doing so, we start from the assumption that firms and their innovative activities are embedded in complex interpersonal and interorganizational networks that influence innovative performance at the firm, dyad, and network levels (Kreiner and Schultz, 1993; Liebeskind et al., 1996; Capaldo, 2007). Specifically, we focus on dyadic interfirm R&D alliances (R&D alliances hereinafter), which have been shown to be a tremendous source of innovation in previous literature (Shan, Walker and Kogut, 1994; Baum, Calabrese and Silverman, 2000). However, while the drivers of innovation performance at the firm level have been examined extensively (e.g. Stuart, 2000; Sampson, 2007), little is known about the factors that influence innovative performance at the dyad level.
In an attempt to fill this gap, we focus on two relevant such factors, namely the scope of the search performed by the allied firms and the geographical and organizational origins of the knowledge resources that the participating organizations contribute to the alliance and integrate across their boundaries for the benefit of the relationship. We develop testable hypotheses about the (both separate and joint) impact of these factors on the innovative performance of R&D alliances, and we test them on a sample of 1912 R&D alliances established by ten multinationals operating in the Electric and Electronic Equipment (EEE) industry
Prevalence of heavy smokers in the year 2000 in the province of Varese, Italy.
No full textABSTRACT: Prevalence of heavy smokers in the year
2000 in the Province of Varese, Italy. A. Imperatori, N.
Rotolo, V. Conti, D. Di Natale, V. Tropeano, W. Mantovani.
Background. Knowing the prevalence of heavy smokers
(HS) by gender and age is a pre-requisite for bringing
into effect public health measures against smoking-related
diseases. Smoking prevalence data is available for the Italian
Regions, however it is generally unknown for the Italian
Provinces.
Methods. In the year 2000 a survey of smoking prevalence
was conducted by 47 general practitioners (GPs), by
personal interview, in a large sample of the Varese
Province population 45-74 years of age (28,034 subjects;
13,528 men, 14,506 women). Each surveyed subject was
categorised either as ever HS (current/former smoker of
at least 10 pack-years) or as non HS. The information on
smoking habit collected by the GPs was anonymously
pooled for analysis. Prevalence figures of smoking were
tabulated by gender and by 5-year age-strata.
Results. In the population 45-74 years of age the percentage
of ever HS overall was 22.3% (34.4% of men;
11.0% of women). The prevalence of ever HS in both sexes
combined progressively decreased with advancing age,
from 23.6% (45-49 year stratum) to 19.5% (70-74 year stratum).
Current HS were 24.5% of men and 9.5% of women.
Conclusions. The year 2000 survey on smoking habit,
showing 22.3% prevalence of ever HS in age range 45-74
years, is the first conducted in the Varese Province using a
large population sample. The data on heavy cigarette
smoking presented in this paper, stratified by gender and
age, may be used to monitor changes in the smoking habit
and in the incidence of smoking-related illnesses at the
provincial level
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