74 research outputs found
ADEM-_Supp-Table-Sept23 - Increased Intracranial Pressure in Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis
No full textADEM-_Supp-Table-Sept23 for Increased Intracranial Pressure in Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis by Rotem Orbach, Nira Schneebaum Sender, Ronit Lubetzky, and Aviva Fattal-Valevski in Journal of Child Neurology</p
Psychological treatments in schizophrenia: II. Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials of social skills training and cognitive remediation
No full textBackground. Social skills training and cognitive remediation are psychological techniques with considerable face validity for the treatment of negative symptoms of schizophrenia and their consequences. This paper provides a meta-analytical review of these treatments. It includes an appreciable number of randomized controlled trials, using comparisons against both standard care and other active interventions. However, the assessment of particular outcomes sometimes had to be based on single studies.Method. A detailed search strategy was used to identify randomized controlled trials of social skills training and cognitive remediation, primarily employing electronic databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that met predefined criteria were then subjected to meta-analysis on a variety of outcome measures.Results. There was no clear evidence for any benefits of social skills training on relapse rate, global adjustment, social functioning, quality of life or treatment compliance. Cognitive remediation had no benefit on attention, verbal memory, visual memory, planning, cognitive flexibility or mental state.Conclusions. Social skills training and cognitive remediation do not appear to confer reliable benefits for patients with schizophrenia and cannot be recommended for clinical practice
PLANNING FOR SEA LEVEL RISE VULNERABILITY IN NORTH CAROLINA
No full textGlobal sea level rise and local subsidence may result in relative sea level rise (SLR)
in North Carolina of approximately 20 to 106 centimeters (approximately 8 to 42 inches) or
more by 2100. The project on which this paper is based aimed to examine the State’s
vulnerability to SLR and possible policy responses, as well as to develop a framework for
presenting associated information to stakeholders that takes into account sound risk
communication theories and practices. SLR will intensify erosion, flooding, property
damage, and wetland destruction; and it will also redefine the boundaries of floodplains.
While shoreline change can be modeled, limited conclusions can be drawn from such models
because of uncertainty about the natural forces and human decisions that affect the shoreline.
This paper argues that those interested in the future of the North Carolina coast should start,
as soon as possible, to educate the public about the potential implications of SLR and the
risks to coastal residents and properties. Planning ahead for SLR and its consequences will
give communities more options and reduce costs. Hurdles to educating policy-makers and
the public about North Carolina’s vulnerability to SLR and to fostering discussion of
potential responses should be surmountable if appropriate entities take the lead and necessary
financial and technical resources are provided. This paper recommends a framework that
could serve as a useful starting point for this endeavor. Among other things, the author
recommends that strategies for communicating about North Carolina’s vulnerability to SLR
be crafted in advance, with care, and in a manner that involves physical and social scientists,
risk communication experts, coastal managers, and representatives of different target
audiences
A further study of retinal locus as a factor in the recognition of English and Jewish words.
No full textEver since 1929, when Lashley (14) published the results of his brain-extirpation experiments and Kohler (11) his critique of associationism and behaviorism, psychologists have been prone to tacit acceptance of the equipotentiality hypothesis. For over two decades, many a contemporary theorist has conceded Lashley’s argument and, consequently, has assumed that some form of configuration theory constitutes the only adequate attack upon behavioral problems. [...] The recognition-differential for Jewish words, although in the opposite direction from the English differential, was small and, consequently, one could argue that the conditions for Jewish-word recognition were, in some way, qualitatively different from that of the English words. It appeared to the present author that, if one could find more fluent readers of both English and Jewish, one might obtain more conclusive evidence one way or the other. Such evidence is necessary before the broader significance of Mishkin and Forgays’ work can be established: that the locus of excitation plays a determining role in the recognition of visually perceived words
Hrana, jedenje i narativizacija identiteta u romanu Lady Oracle Margaret Atwood
No full textThe present paper seeks to explore the significance of eating in the process of identity formation in Margaret Atwood’s Lady Oracle and its effects upon Joan, the female protagonist of the novel. Based on the findings of Susie Orbach (1946), Joan appears to have developed an ambivalent relationship with food from a very early age. Once she decides to lose weight and turn into what the society has always demanded her to look like, she develops an identity crisis which is reflected in her literary production. There are several barriers in the process of Joan’s identity formation that reveal themselves later in her narratives as an author. The focus of this study is to shed light on this problematic process of being a female author coping with nutritional insecurities.Rad nastoji istražiti važnost jedenja u procesu oblikovanja identiteta u romanu Lady Oracle [Proročica] Margaret Atwood i njegov utjecaj na glavnu junakinju Joan. S obzirom na otkrića Susie Orbach (1946.), Joan naizgled od djetinjstva gradi nezdrav odnos prema hrani. Nakon što odluči smršavjeti i postići izgled kakav joj je društvo oduvijek nametalo, zapada u krizu identiteta koja se očituje u njezinu književnom stvaralaštvu. U procesu Joanina oblikovanja identiteta postoji nekoliko prepreka koje se razotkrivaju tijekom njezina narativa, a uži je cilj rada razotkrivanje složenog i problematičnog procesa autorice koja se nosi s prehrambenim dvojbama
Ovarian Sertoli Leydig cell tumours in children and adolescents: An analysis of the European Cooperative Study Group on Pediatric Rare Tumors (EXPeRT).
No full textOBJECTIVE: To analyse ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumours (SLCTs) for potential prognostic markers and their use for treatment stratification.
PATIENTS: Forty-four patients were included. Patients were prospectively reported to the German MAKEI (Maligne Keimzelltumoren) studies (n=23), French TGM protocols (n=10), Italian Rare Tumour Project (TREP) registry (n=6), and the Polish Pediatric Rare Tumour Study group (n=5). Tumours were classified according to World Health Organisation (WHO) and staged according to International Federation of Gynecological Oncology (FIGO).
RESULTS: Median age was 13.9 (0.5-17.4) years. All patients underwent resection by tumour enucleation (n=8), ovariectomy (n=17), adenectomy isolated (n=18) or with hysterectomy (n=1). FIGO-stage: Ia 24pts., Ic 17pts., II/III 3pts. One patient had bilateral tumours. Four patients (stage Ia: 3, stage Ic: 1) developed a metachronous contralateral tumour. Otherwise, all stage Ia patients remained in complete remission. Among 20 patients with incomplete resection or tumour spread (stage Ic-III), eight relapsed, and five patients died. Eleven patients were initially treated with two to sixcycles of cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Of these, seven patients are in continuous remission. Poor histological differentiation was associated with higher relapse rate (5/13) compared to intermediate (3/18) and high differentiation (0/4). Tumours with retiform pattern or heterologous elements showed a high relapse rate, too (5/11). After a median follow-up of 62months, event-free survival is 0.70±0.07, relapse-free survival 0.81±0.06 and overall survival 0.87±0.05.
CONCLUSIONS: Prognosis of SLCTs is determined by stage and histopathologic differentiation. Complete resection with careful avoidance of spillage is a prerequisite of cure. The impact of chemotherapy in incompletely resected and advanced stage tumours remains to be evaluated
Broadband EPR Spectroscopy of the Triplet State: Multi-Frequency Analysis of Copper Acetate Monohydrate
No full textElectron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy is a long-standing method for the exploration of electronic structures of transition ion complexes. The difficulty of its analysis varies considerably, not only with the nature of the spin system, but more so with the relative magnitudes of the magnetic interactions to which the spin is subject, where particularly challenging cases ensue when two interactions are of comparable magnitude. A case in point is the triplet system S = 1 of coordination complexes with two unpaired electrons when the electronic Zeeman interaction and the electronic zero-field interaction are similar in strength. This situation occurs in the X-band spectra of the thermally excited triplet state of dinuclear copper(II) complexes, exemplified by copper acetate monohydrate. In this study, applicability of the recently developed low-frequency broadband EPR spectrometer to S = 1 systems is investigated on the analysis of multi-frequency, 0.5–16 GHz, data from [Cu(CH3COO)2H2O]2. Global fitting affords the spin Hamiltonian parameters gz = 2.365 ± 0.008; gy = 2.055 ± 0.010; gx = 2.077 ± 0.005; Az = 64 gauss; D = 0.335 ± 0.002 cm−1; E = 0.0105 ± 0.0003 cm−1. The latter two define zero-field absorptions at ca. 630, 7730, and 10,360 MHz, which show up in the spectra as one half of a sharpened symmetrical line. Overall, the EPR line shape is Lorentzian, reflecting spin-lattice relaxation, which is a combination of an unusual, essentially temperature-independent, inverted Orbach process via the S = 0 ground state, and a Raman process proportional to T2. Other broadening mechanisms are limited to at best minor contributions from a distribution in E values, and from dipolar interaction with neighboring copper pairs. Monitoring of a first-order double-quantum transition between 8 and 35 GHz shows a previously unnoticed very complex line shape behavior, which should be the subject of future research.BT/Biocatalysi
Heat map display of disease activity at the individual level.
No full text<p>The heat maps have patients on columns, and outcome measures on rows. Red indicates intermittent activity or progression, green indicates improvement, black indicates no change, and white indicates missing value. The data are from 2-year studies in SPMS (panel A) and PPMS (panel B) subjects randomized to placebo in the IMPACT <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0045409#pone.0045409-Cohen1" target="_blank">[8]</a> and OLYMPUS <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0045409#pone.0045409-Hawker1" target="_blank">[9]</a> multicenter clinical trials. All calculations were performed based on the definitions listed in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0045409#pone-0045409-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>. Notice that progression was most often detected using definition 2 with the T25FW and the 9HP.</p
PHONON-ASSISTED ENERGY TRANSFER IN MOLECULAR CRYSTALS
No full textAuthor Institution: Department of Chemistry, Brandeis UniversityPhonon-assisted triplet energy transfer in molecular crystals is investigated with the technique of laser line-narrowing. Benzophenone (BP) in and dibromodiphenyl ether (DDE) have been selected as examples. A narrow-band pulsed dye-laser excites a subset of the molecular sites, leading to narrow phosphorescence emission at 2 K. As energy transfer occurs at higher temperature, the emission line broadens. Analysis of the temporal evolution of the spectral profile in the Inokuti-Hirayama provides a measurement of the energy transfer rate. The temperature dependence of such rates reveals the mechanism of phonon interaction with the molecular excited Experimental results will be discussed in view of the increased low frequency phonon population in a soft molecular crystal. M. Inokuti and F. Hirayama, J. Chem. Phys. 43, 1978 (1965). S. K. Lyo, T. Holstein and R. Orbach, Phys. Rev. B18, 1637 (1978
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