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    Religious intellectuals : the poetic gravity of Emily Brontë and Christina Rossetti

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    This thesis examines the writing of Emily Brontë and Christina Rossetti in terms of its expression of religious culture and belief. It is my argument that Brontë and Rossetti experienced religion as intellectuals, questioning and exploring doctrine and dogma neither as sentimental lady Christians nor dismissive, secular critics. I contend that by close reading their poetry, the genre both women privileged as most appropriate for the consideration of religious matters, the reader may trace the sermons and theological works they read. Moreover, their writing, I suggest, evinces their intellectual response to theological, ecclesiological and ecclesiastical developments that took place in the nineteenth century. I thus label Brontë and Rossetti 'religious intellectuals,' a phrase suggestive of their intense understanding of, rather than their mild acquaintance with, religious debate. Many women writing within the nineteenth century found that religion granted them a field within which to freely read and research, but were denied the professional title of 'theologian.' Brontë and Rossetti are thus examples of a wider phenomenon wherein women encountered religion like scholars, one disregarded by current criticism unable as it is to categorize a female activity simultaneously religious and intellectual. I use Brontë and Rossetti as examples of what I call the 'religious intellectual' because they represent different sides of this classification. Where Brontë struggled away from her Methodist background, serving as a cultural commentator on its enthusiastic belief-system, Rossetti forged a scholarly identity as a late member of the High Church Oxford Movement. Both poets, I contend, wrote about religion in order to signal their intellectual ability. I conclude that Brontë's interest in Methodism and Rossetti's fascination with Tractarianism reveals the poets to be both independent of family pressures and false consciousness, and fully engaged with a subject central to their age

    Gabriele Rossetti, from a portrait by Dante Gabriel Rossetti, 1848

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    1 carte de visiteCarte de visite of oil painting by D. G. Rossetti (Surtees No. 442) of Gabriele Rossetti. On verso: note in unknown hand "Gabriele Rossetti in 1848.

    Rossetti

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    ROSSETTI Rossetti ( - ) Einband ( - ) Vorblatt ( - ) Titelblatt ( - ) Verzeichnis der Abbildungen. ( - ) Abbildung ([2]) I. [Jugendeinflüsse. Gründung der präraphaelitischen Brüderschaft] ([3]) II. [Gotische Periode. Stoffe aus dem Dante- und König Arthus-Kreis. Gründung der Zeitschrift "The Germ". Elizabeth Siddal. Ruskin. Oxford. Gründung der Morris-Firma] (14) III. [Renaissance-Periode. Malerei schöner Frauen] (49) IV. [Periode der übertriebenen Frauengestalten. Das Ende] (77) Inhaltsübersicht. ( - ) Literatur. ( - ) Vorblatt ( - ) Einband ( -

    Gabriele Rossetti, from a portrait by Dante Gabriel Rossetti, 1848

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    1 carte de visiteCarte de visite of oil painting by D. G. Rossetti (Surtees No. 442) of Gabriele Rossetti. On verso: note in unknown hand "Gabriele Rossetti in 1848.

    Manuscript Poem "John Keats" by Dante Gabriel Rossetti

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    abstract: Concerning the manuscript for "John Keats".Publication Details: Not the same version as some published versions of "John Keats."Curator's Note: Handwriting in upper right corner reads "Rossetti's Handwriting." Writing on verso reads "Dante Gabriel Rossetti. Mss.

    Letter from Felix Rossetti to Ralph L. Cheney

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    A four-page letter from Felix Rossetti to Ralph L. Cheney, date unknown. In this letter, Rossetti tells Cheney about his plans for work, including him going to Columbia University in New York to work as a lecturer for two years, and then asks Cheney if he would be willing to give Rossetti a letter of recommendation as a public speaker.Ralph L. Cheney served as the head of Springfield College’s Secretarial Department from 1907 to 1924. Before taking this position, he worked as a YMCA secretary in Albany and Niagara Falls, New York. Felix Rossetti received a B.H from Springfield College in 1916. As a student, he played on the soccer team, belonged to the British Club and Philomathean Literary Society and International Literary Society, in addition to extensive work with the YMCA. In August 1916, Rossetti was able to return to his home country when he was sent to Bombay by the National Council to observe the work of British soldiers fighting in the Mesopotamian Campaign. By January 1917, he was working in Bombay area hospitals and a convalescent camp. Rosetti held various YMCA positions including Secretary of International Communication in India and later as secretary, performing settlement work in Calcutta. Rossetti died in 1970

    [Letter] 1887 June 27 [to] [Dalziel Brothers] / W.M. Rossetti [William Michael Rossetti].

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    See another letter in the collection from Rossetti.Rossetti addresses questions about the arrangement of figures in a sketch of the burning of Shelley\u27s body. Rossetti was aiding Edward Trelawny\u27s publication of _Records of Shelley, Byron, and the Author_, contacting the Daziel Brothers on behalf of Trelawny to discuss the correction of a woodcut to be included in this publication. Edward Trelawny was one of the men present at the burning of Shelley\u27s body and claimed to have grabbed the heart from Shelley’s pyre (Rossetti composed a sonnet about this event). The Dalziel Brothers were popular nineteenth-century engravers and worked with Rossetti\u27s artist brother Dante Gabriel for some woodcuts. However, Dante did not approve of their renditions of his work and even wrote a poem about it. William Michael Rossetti was one of the founders of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood which advocated a return to painting unromanticized truth. Rossetti edited the Brotherhood\u27s journal _Germ_ from 1850. His famous family included brother Dante Gabriel and sister Christina

    'We can but spell a surface history': the biblical typology of Christina Rossetti

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    My research examines Christina Rossetti’s use of biblical typology in her articulation of individual and communal identity. The central concern of my thesis is with tracing the ways in which she bridges the gap between the two biblical covenants and her contemporary situation by a ceaseless interpretative movement between the discourses of the Old and New Testaments. After examining the basis for her typological modes of reading, I demonstrate the various ways in which they underpin her interpretations of Tractarian, Romantic, and Pre-Raphaelite writings as well as providing her with a framework with which to structure her own poetic sequences. In my examination of the ways in which Rossetti engages with patristic and medieval theology and articulates identity through the cyclical dynamics of typology, I consider her writings alongside those of Isaac Williams, John Keble, John Henry Newman, and Edward Pusey and highlight the key part they play in reinforcing the Oxford Movement’s liturgical momentum. Focusing specifically on her poetic utilization of the ancient practice of chanting psalms and antiphons, her engagement with the musicality of the church service, and her depiction of the visual aspects of ritualism, I read her poetry in terms of the mystical journey towards God upon which, she suggests, each Christian embarks. Applying to Rossetti’s poetry the method of typological analysis that she herself uses, I consider how the poems in her 1893 volume, Verses, can be understood to comment upon her earlier works and how her earlier poetry can be seen as an antecedent to her later works. Through this, I trace the development of her theology as it engages more directly with the hermeneutical principles encouraged by the Tractarians and offers a basis upon which the patristic concept of trinitarian personhood can be understood

    Le elites mercantili nell'Europa dei secoli XII-XVI: loro cultura e radicamento,

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    a cura di Alberto Grohmann, Napoli, ESI, riedito in Dentro la città. Stranieri e reltà urbane nell'Europa dei secoli XII-XVI, a cura di G. Rossetti, II ed. rivedutae ampliata, Napoli, GISEM.Liguori 199
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