1,720,963 research outputs found
Factors That Influence the Development of Interprofessional Education and One Health for Medical, Veterinary and Dual Degree Public Health Students at an Offshore Medical School
Get PDFIn recent times, the impact of globalization has led to the occurrence of threats to global health from diseases of animal and environmental origin. The latter events have led to recommendations by medical educators that Interprofessional Education (IPE) programs that include the principles of One Health (OH) should form part of the curricula of medical and veterinary programs, to equip graduates to effectively collaborate towards diminishing these threats. The transdisciplinary concept of OH provides a framework that engenders collaboration between professionals at the crossover of animal, human and environmental health. This study evaluates the implications of developing IPE that includes the principles of OH at the institution at which this research was conducted.
A sequential explanatory Mixed Methods Research approach was used to achieve the aims of this study which sought to attain the following: 1) to explore the readiness of Doctor of Medicine (MD) and Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM ) students who have no prior IPE experience for IPE that incorporates the principles of OH; (2) to explore the effects of prior IPE and OH exposure on the readiness of Master of Public Health (MPH) students for IPE incorporating OH; (3) to explore the perspectives of the faculty and administrators on the opportunities and challenges for developing IPE that incorporates OH for the core MD and DVM programmes and (4) use the information gleaned in this study to inform the development of IPE that promotes the concept of OH at this institution. A survey was used that included a validated scale to explore the differences in readiness between groups of students across the disciplines of the health professions. Two open-ended questions were added to the survey that revealed the students’ knowledge about the relevance of One Health to practice. Faculty focus groups and an interview with one of the senior administrators of the Medical school were used to obtain their perspectives on developing interprofessional education and enhancing familiarity with OH among students. The analysis of the survey data indicated comparative differences in readiness for interprofessional education across the programs. A number of themes emerged from evaluating the student responses to OH that showed a clear omission of various components of definitions of the concept across the programs. Five key themes emerged from the faculty focus groups and interview that provided perspectives for informing the development of IPE that includes OH at this institution. These themes included the accreditation requirements for the programs and the expected role that interprofessional learning held within the traditional culture of each discipline.
The study concludes by providing recommendations for curricula and leadership changes as well as a vision for executing the institutional claim for supporting the philosophy of OH. Underpinned by theory, the discussion Chapter utilizes various theoretical lenses for evaluating this research. This research also contributes to widening the discourse on the development of IPE that includes OH in four ways. One by contributing original insight into the factors that influence the readiness of students across four disciplines for IPE and providing an explanation of these findings using the lenses of various theoretical frameworks. Secondly, although the literature reveals that others have identified gaps pertaining to IPE and OH content in the curricula of the MD and DVM programs, this research presents a focused study that provides insight into the specificity of these gaps. The latter is accomplished through comparisons that are made in comparing the differences in the students’ definitions of OH and its relevance to practice across the programs. The student responses about OH revealed specific gaps in the students’ knowledge about OH pertaining to the following: the impacts of global warming resulting from climate change, on human and animal health; the effects of foodborne diseases of animal origin on human health; the impact of socio-cultural and environmental factors on the occurrence of zoonoses with implications for human and animal health; the role of the human-animal bond on human mental health and the implications of antimicrobial resistance for public health. This research also contributes to broader discussions pertaining to the development of IPE and OH by including students within the dual degree MPH program that demonstrate how gaps in the curriculum of the MD and DVM programs pertaining to IPE and OH can be bridged. Finally, this research provides a lens into the opinions of the faculty and administrators across four disciplines for informing the development of IPE that makes students more familiar with OH
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Study on the prevalence and characteristics of verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli (VTEC) in livestock, pet animals, dairy farmers and the environment on selected dairy farms in Trinidad
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
A focus on methodology: a mixed-methods approach to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the need for One Health education for medical and veterinary students in the context of COVID-19
Get PDFBackground: The collaboration of health professionals across the interface of human, animal and environmental health, as embodied by the One Health concept (OH), is increasingly recognised as crucial for tackling diseases such as Ebola and COVID-19. This study was conducted prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, but in light of the current pandemic, the outcomes of this study highlight the need for educating Medical (MD) and Veterinary (DVM) students on the principles of OH. The purpose of this study was to determine the need for Interprofessional Education (IPE) initiatives that would familiarise MD and DVM students with the principles of OH, crucial to dissolving the siloes that have historically deterred collaboration. Method: We used a sequential explanatory Methods Research (MMR) approach design to evaluate the readiness of 428 students consisting of MD, DVM and dual degree Master of Public Health (MPH) students (MD/MPH, DVM/MPH) for IPE, as well as to obtain faculty perspectives across these disciplines, on the need for curricula inclusion of IPE and OH. Two methods of data collection were employed: A survey and 2 focus groups interviews. Results: The use of an MMR approach allowed us to comprehensively evaluate the need for OH education through the lenses of the students and faculty using a joint display that facilitated data integration and evaluation. Overall, the dual degree students had the greatest readiness for IPE, and MD students the lowest level of readiness for shared learning. The dual degree students had the most accurate understanding of OH competencies that consider the impacts of climate change, food security, antimicrobial resistance, health policy formation and zoonoses occurrence on human health. Themes derived from the focus group interviews revealed that faculty perceived OH education as crucial for preparing MD and DVM students for practice. Conclusion: The comprehensive assessment of the student and faculty perspectives, obtained using an MMR approach, illustrated that the incorporation of OH competencies within the MD and DVM curricula are crucial for preparing students for practice in the global environment. The dual degree pathway provides insight into how OH can be successfully incorporated within the curricula of these programmes
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