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A Kalman filter based estimation method for on-board public transport passenger comfort using incomplete Automatic Passenger Counting data
No full textEstimating on-board passenger comfort in public transport vehicles using incomplete automatic passenger counting data
No full textThe prevention of crowding inside buses, trams and trains is an important component of on-board passenger comfort and is central to the provision of good public transport services. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated significant reduction in public transport patronage and, more importantly, in passenger confidence, the avoidance of crowds by passengers and operators alike becomes even more critical. This is where the provision of information on on-board comfort becomes a necessity. The present study, therefore, proposes a new Kalman filter based estimation scheme for on-board comfort levels, employing historical and current (same-day) non-exhaustive Automatic Passenger Counting data, as well as Automatic Vehicle Locating measurements. The accuracy and reliability of the estimation is, then, evaluated through application to the tramway network of the French city of Nantes. The results suggest that the proposed method is able to deliver good estimation accuracy, both in terms of absolute passenger numbers, but also, more crucially, in terms of on-board comfort Levels of Service
Real-time risk definition in the transport of dangerous goods by road
No full textThe definition of risk in the transport of dangerous goods is an open issue. No international standard is currently defined. In addition, the definition of risk is directly related to the possibility to its control at decisional level, for example, by rerouting the traffic. In this work, a proposal to define risk at strategic, tactical, operational and realtime level is proposed. A system of systems vision of the definition at operational/realtime level is particularly promising of research aspects both from a SoSE and a technological viewpoint. © 2012 IEEE
Estimating on-board crowding in complex public transport networks from incomplete automatic passenger counts
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Seasonal Climate Forecasts and Risk Management Among Georgia Farmers
No full textRecent increases in the scientific robustness of seasonal climate forecasts have not led to substantial changes in farmers’ risk management strategies of actors, largely because there is poor integration of scientific forecasting into farmers’ decision-making processes. The goal of the research presented here is to explore the potentials and constraints for farmers’ application of seasonal climate forecasts through an analysis of the cultural contexts of their decision-making and information use. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 38 farmers in southern Georgia, examining their approaches, risk-management, to livelihood goals and strategies, and interactions with weather and climate information. Findings indicate that farmers’ management of risks associated with climate variability is embedded within a broad array of social factors, including subjective construction of social and personal identities, goals, and values. These cultural contexts affect the ways that farmers interpret and might apply seasonal climate forecasts to agricultural decisions. These findings indicate that, rather than simply acting as a technical information input, seasonal climate forecasts and forecasters must gradually work theirway into farmers’ trusted social networks before their potential as risk management tools will be realized. Furthermore, while seeking to produce scientific information to support farmers’ adaptive practices, scientists themselves must adapt their own practices to better fit a coproduction of knowledge approach
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