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    2 -O-Alkyl Derivatives and 5 -Analogues of 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) as Potential Hsp90 Inhibitors

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    Some selective preparations of AICAR-related compounds modified at the 2- or 5-position of the ribose moiety are reported herein. In particular, 5-azido, 5-amino, 5-O-benzyl and a series of 2-O-alkylated AICAR derivatives have been synthesized. These compounds were derived from appropriately functionalized inosines by opening the pyrimidine ring at the hypoxanthine residue. The target derivatives were designed with the purpose of studying the effect of AICAR structural modifications on its ability to inhibit Hsp90, one of the biological targets for the development of anticancer agents. Nevertheless, the development of AICAR-like compounds is an appealing objective also because of their potential therapeutic application in the field of metabolic studies

    A theoretical study of the conformational behavior of analogues of α-l-rhamnose-1-phosphate

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    The conformational behavior of methyl(2-O-methyl-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl) phosphate, together with a group of potentially more stable analogues, was investigated through a DFT approach at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level; the energy of all the optimized structures was recalculated using a continuum solvent model, C-PCM, choosing water as the solvent. The compounds exhibited several, sometimes tenths of populated conformations so that the overall properties of flexibility and mobility were evaluated. The analogue in which the pyranose oxygen atom is replaced by a methylene group emerges as the best candidate as a mimic of the reference 1-phosphate, in spite of the fact that it lacks the anomeric and exo-anomeric effects. The other analogues result poorer mimics because of a conformational equilibrium at the pyranose ring or of an excessive rigidity of the aglycone moiety

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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