1,720,998 research outputs found
ERAD plays a critical role in three severe muscle diseases.
No full textThe key pathogenetic event of an extremely heterogeneous group of genetic diseases, collectively called Unfolded Protein Diseases (UPDs), is the presence of gene mutations that cause either unfolding or misfolding of a coded protein. This usually leads to either toxic gain of function, because of the presence of protein aggregates, or loss of function because of the premature disposal of the mutated, but potentially functional, protein by the cell’s quality control system (QCS). Type 2D Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy (LGMD-2D), a severe myopathy due to defect of the SGCA gene, encoding α-sarcoglycan (α-SG), has been recently included in the list of UPDs. α-SG is a type I membrane protein forming a tetrameric complex together with β-, γ- and δ-SG in the sarcolemma of striated muscle. We have demonstrated that, mutated α-SG is intercepted by the ER quality control, retrotranslocated into the cytosol, polyubiquitylated and degraded by the proteasome. Loss of the protein has dramatic consequences also on the other complex subunits, which are rapidly eliminated, although perfectly normal. Two additional UPDs have been considered to affect striated muscles, such as cattle congenital pseudomyotonia (PMT) and recessive Cathecolaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT). PMT is due to defects in the ATP2A1 gene coding for sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase isoform 1 (SERCA1). We have recently demonstrated that cattle PMT is the true counterpart of human Brody’s disease. CPVT has been linked to mutations in CASQ2 and TRDN genes, encoding calsequestrin 2 and triadin, respectively. Despite showing largely different clinical phenotypes both share a common feature, i.e., normal levels of the mutated transcripts and almost undetectable levels of the coded products. Our evidence shows that such proteins, being misfolded, are intercepted by the QCS and degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Relevant for possible therapeutical treatments, we demonstrate that usually protein mutants retain their function. Importantly, we show that some α-SG and SERCA1 mutants can be rescued by manipulating their degradative pathways, thus providing the basis for new potential therapeutical strategies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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