4,488 research outputs found
Zhang's guidelines vs WHO guidelines for diagnosing labour dystocia
No full textAbstract not availableAnnie Kroushev, Daniel L Rolnik, Ben W Mo
Reproducible research practices and transparency in reproductive endocrinology and infertility articles
No full textAbstract not available.James M. Kemper, Daniel L. Rolnik, Ben W. J. Mol, and John P.A. Ioannidi
The role of melatonin in pregnancies complicated by placental insufficiency: A systematic review
No full textPlacental insufficiency affects about 10% of pregnancies and can lead to pre-eclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and preterm birth. Despite significant advances in early prediction and prevention of preterm pre-eclampsia with aspirin, the effects of prophylaxis on fetal growth restriction are less certain, and the rates of late-onset pre-eclampsia are not influenced by aspirin treatment. Pregnancies complicated by placental insufficiency are characterized by increased oxidative stress, and recent studies suggest that melatonin has antioxidant properties and contributes to maintaining placental homeostasis. We aimed to systematically review the available literature about melatonin in pregnancies complicated by placental insufficiency, specifically preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction, exploring three different aspects: 1) maternal melatonin levels; 2) expression and activity of melatonin placental receptors; 3) effects of maternal melatonin administration. PubMed (Medline) and Scopus were searched until December 2020. Identified studies were screened and assessed independently by two authors. Data were extracted and compiled in qualitative evidence synthesis. The circadian pattern of melatonin secretion seems to be altered in pregnancies complicated by placental insufficiency reflected by lower production of melatonin, with consequent lower systemic and placental concentrations and lower expression of melatonin receptors, thus reducing the local release of the indole and its autocrine function. Small intervention studies also suggest that treatment is safe and may lead to prolongation of pregnancy and better outcomes, but double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trials are lacking
Award winning author, journalist Daniel L. Coberly to Speak
No full textTollefson, Elizabeth. (2018). Award winning author, journalist Daniel L. Coberly to Speak. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/224033
Report on Meteorological Research March 1, 1935 (m-1)
No full textThe object of the report was to elucidate in detail the various features of the research program in meteorology being carried on at the Daniel Guggenheim Airship Institute in Akron, Ohio. Mr. L. J. Fangman, of the U.S. Weather Bureau, was collaborating with the author in carrying out work such as a study of autographic records of the various meteorological elements during frontal passages with a view to the possible prediction of the intensity of the accompanying disturbance as it may affect the operation of aircraft and a study of atmospheric gustiness with a view to finding the dependence between frequency end amplitude of velocity fluctuations and the vertical temperature and velocity gradients
The accuracy of prenatal cell-free DNA screening for sex chromosome abnormalities: A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textOBJECTIVE: Although cell-free DNA screening for sex chromosome abnormalities is increasingly used in clinical practice, its diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility remain unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the performance of cell-free DNA in the detection of sex chromosome abnormalities. DATA SOURCES: Medline and PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception to January 2022 for articles relating to cell-free DNA screening for sex chromosome abnormalities. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Original articles, randomized control trials, conference abstracts, cohort and case-control studies, and case series with more than 10 cases with diagnostic confirmation were considered for inclusion. METHODS: Quality assessment of each included publication was performed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool. The positive predictive value was calculated as the proportion of true positive cases among those who tested positive and underwent diagnostic testing. Sensitivity and specificity were pooled, and a summary receiver operating characteristic curve was produced using bivariate models that included studies that had diagnostic confirmation for high- and low-risk women. RESULTS: The search identified 7553 results. Of these, 380 proceeded to the full-text screening, of which 94 articles were included in the meta-analysis with a total of 1,531,240 women tested. All studies reported a confirmatory genetic test. The pooled positive predictive value was 49.4% (95% confidence interval, 45.8–53.1). The pooled positive predictive value was 32.0% (95% confidence interval, 27.0%–37.3%) for monosomy X, 67.6% (95% confidence interval, 62.5%–72.5%) for XXY, 57.5% (95% confidence interval, 51.7%–63.1%) for XXX, and 70.9% (95% confidence interval, 63.9%–77.1%) for XYY. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of cell-free DNA for sex chromosome abnormalities were 94.1% (95% confidence interval, 90.8%–96.3%) and 99.5% (95% confidence interval, 99.0%–99.7%), respectively, with an area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.934 (95% confidence interval, 0.907–0.989). CONCLUSION: Although the sensitivity and specificity of cell-free DNA for sex chromosome abnormalities are high, the positive predictive value was approximately 50%. The positive predictive value was higher for sex chromosome abnormalities with a supernumerary Y chromosome and lower for monosomy X. Clinicians should inform couples about these findings when offering cell-free DNA for sex chromosome abnormalities.No Full Tex
Prematurity Rates During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic Lockdown in Melbourne, Australia
No full textAbstract not available.Alexia Matheson, Claire J. McGannon, Atul Malhotra, Kirsten R. Palmer, Alice E. Stewart, Euan M. Wallace, Ben W. Mol, Ryan J. Hodges, and Daniel L. Rolnik
The effect of preexisting medical comorbidities on the preeclamptic phenotype: a retrospective cohort study
No full textPublished online: 26 Oct 2021Objective:To compare the effect of comorbidities on the phenotype and outcomes of preeclampsia. Methods:A matched retrospective cohort study of women delivering at a tertiary maternity center following a diagnosis of preeclampsia. We collected data on signs and symptoms, biochemical markers, and maternal and perinatal outcomes. Results:We studied 474 women; 158 women with and 316 without comorbidities. Compared to women without comorbidities, women with comorbidities delivered earlier. They suffered fewer maternal but more neonatal complications. Conclusion:Women with comorbidities receive earlier intervention than women without comorbidities, which may lead to fewer maternal complications but worse neonatal outcomes.Michael S. Tanner, Deborah De Guingand, Maya Reddy, Saskia Rowson, Daniel L. Rolnik, Fabricio Da Silva Costa, Mary-Ann Davey, Ben W. Mol, Euan M. Wallace, and Kirsten R. Palme
Cranial sonographic markers of fetal open spina bifida at 11 to 13 weeks of gestation
No full textObjectives To compare the sonographic signs of spina bifida obtained on axial and sagittal views of the fetal head between 11 and 13+6 weeks of gestation.
Methods This was a retrospective study including 27 cases of spina bifida and 1003 randomly selected controls. Indirect markers of spina bifida were evaluated on stored ultrasound images. Intracranial translucency (IT), ratio between the brainstem and the brainstem-occipital bone distance (BS/BSOB), and maxillo-occipital (MO) line were assessed on sagittal view, whereas biparietal diameter (BPD), BPD to abdominal circumference ratio (BPD/AC), and aqueduct to occipital bone (aqueduct of Sylvius [AoS]) distance were measured on the axial plane. Reference ranges were developed, and cases of spina bifida were examined in relation to the reference range.
Results On the sagittal view, detection rates for IT below the fifth percentile, BS/BSOB above the 95th percentile, and an abnormal MO line were 52.3%, 96.3%, and 96.3%, respectively. On the axial view, detection rates for BPD, BPD/AC, and AoS below the fifth percentile were 66.7%, 70.4%, and 77.8%, respectively.
Conclusion The MO line and the BS/BSOB ratio appear to be the best indirect ultrasound markers of spina bifida and can be easily obtained during the routine first-trimester scan
Nebraska Lawyer
No full textDerived from the similarly-titled Creighton Law Review article by this author (39 Creighton L. Rev. 29 (2005)), this article focuses on a discussion of techniques for more effective appellate advocacy, including more effective written advocacy (brief writing) and more effective oral advocacy (oral arguments).5-1
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