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Asociación entre adherencia al tratamiento y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en personas con infarto agudo de miocardio
Get PDFSe sabe que la adherencia al tratamiento tiene una repercusión positiva sobre el estado de salud de los pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares, por lo que tiene un papel protector, al contribuir a lo no progresión de la enfermedad. Una de las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) frente al estudio de la adherencia, es que deben centrarse en áreas importantes como los indicadores de Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS), ya que debido a la falta de indagación en este aspecto, el fenómeno de adherencia pasa desapercibido dentro de las políticas y los programas de salud; de manera que es pertinente describir si los niveles de adherencia al tratamiento tienen o no una influencia o asociación significativa con la CVRS. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre la adherencia al tratamiento y la CVRS en población con infarto agudo de miocardio en la cuidad de Bogotá. Método: Se llevó a cabo un estudio de abordaje cuantitativo de diseño descriptivo correlacional. Fueron 180 los participantes que se seleccionaron aleatoriamente, quienes debían ser mayores de 18 años, haber presentado infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM) en un tiempo mayor a 6 meses y estar asistiendo a la consulta de cardiología, cirugía cardiovascular o rehabilitación cardíaca. Para el análisis estadístico de los resultados, se utilizó estadística no paramétrica empleando la prueba de correlación de Spearman. Resultados: los participantes fueron en su mayoría hombres, la edad media fue de 63 años en un rango de 23 a 89 años, donde predominaron los de 56 a 65 años de edad. En cuanto al tiempo transcurrido después del IAM, su promedio fue de 35 meses, y el 76,6% de los participantes, se concentró en el período de 6 meses a 3 años. Se encontró una alta prevalencia de hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus concomitante. Los hallazgos en el nivel de adherencia al tratamiento, evidenciaron que predominó la adherencia total (54%) y la adherencia parcial (45%), con un 1% de no adherentes; siendo las mujeres más adherentes que los hombres, y también quienes llevan menos de 2 años en el tratamiento. En cuanto a la CVRS, los datos indicaron que 37% del total de participantes tenían un nivel de CVRS alto y medio respectivamente, y 27% un bajo nivel, siendo predominante la población femenina en este último y el rango de edad de 76 a 80 años. El análisis estadístico reporta que el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman, es de -0,315 con una significancia de p=0,00001, donde el número negativo es reflejo de la naturaleza de las escalas con las que fueron medidas las variables. Este dato es indicativo de que la correlación es positiva, significativa pero débil o numéricamente modesta. Conclusión: Se demostró la asociación entre la adherencia al tratamiento y la CVRS en personas con IAM, evidenciado en una correlación estadísticamente significativa, pero catalogada como débil o modesta, estos resultados con coherentes con la multidimensionalidad de los fenómenos que presenta este estudio. Los niveles de adherencia al tratamiento estuvieron en su mayoría entre adherencia total y parcial, mientras que en la CVRS, los resultados fueron homogéneos con un porcentaje importante de población con baja CVRS.Abstract. It is known that adherence to treatment has a positive impact on the health status of patients with cardiovascular disease, so it has a protective role in contributing to the non-progressive disease. One of the recommendations of WHO against the study of adherence, is that they should focus on important areas such as HRQOL indicators, since due to the lack of investigation in this area, the adhesion phenomenon goes unnoticed within the policies and health programs; so it is pertinent to describe whether the levels of adherence have either no influence or significant association with HRQOL. Objective: To determine the association between adherence and HRQOL in people with acute myocardial infarction in the city of Bogotá. Method: A quantitative approach to descriptive correlational design was conducted. There were 180 participants who were randomly selected, who must be over 18, have filed acute myocardial infarction in more than 6 months and attending the cardiology, cardiovascular surgery or cardiac rehabilitation. For statistical analysis of the results, non-parametric statistics was used with the Spearman correlation test. Results: Participants were mostly men; the mean age was 63 years in a range of 23-89 years dominated those of 56-65 years old. As time elapsed after AMI, the average was 35 months, and 76.6% of participants, focuses on the period from 6 months to 3 years. A high prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus was found concomitantly. The findings on the level of adherence to treatment, show that full adherence predominated (54%) and partial adherence (45%), with 1% of non-adherent; with women are more adherent than men, and those carrying less than 2 years of treatment. As HRQOL, data indicate that 37% of participants have a higher level of HRQOL and medium respectively, and 27% have a low level, being predominantly female population in the latter and the age range 76-80 years. The statistical analysis reports the Spearman correlation coefficient, is -0.315 with a significance of p = 0.00001, where the negative number reflects the nature of the scales with which parameters were determined. This finding indicates that the correlation is positive, significant but weak or numerically modest. Conclusion: The association between adherence and HRQOL in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), evidenced by a statistically significant correlation was demonstrated these results, but classified as weak or modest, in line with the multidimensionality of the phenomena presented by this study. The levels of adherence were mostly between full and partial adherence, whereas HRQOL outcomes were homogeneous with a significant percentage of the population with lower HRQOL.Maestrí
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Autopercepción, autoconcepto y autoimagen en personas adultas con estancia en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos: una revisión integrativa
No full textRESUMEN: Se realizó una revisión integrativa de la literatura, cuyo objetivo fue explorar la
evidencia científica existente acerca de la autopercepción, autoconcepto y autoimagen
en personas adultas con estancia en unidades de cuidados intensivos. Se buscó en bases
de datos Pubmed, Redalyc, Lilacs, BVS, Ovid, Science direct, Embase, Clinical key y
repositorios institucionales, con los términos MeSH y DeCS selfconcept, body image,
perception, nursing, nursing intervention, critical care, adults, sin límite en el tiempo.
Como resultado se seleccionaron y analizaron 10 artículos y se determinaron tres núcleos
temáticos: 1) No estar en sintonía/armonía con el cuerpo; 2) sensaciones y emociones
desagradables y 3) Intervenciones de enfermería para reconocer la imagen corporal. Se
concluye que la autopercepción, autoconcepto y autoimagen son una dimensión del ser
humano que debe ser tenida en cuenta y valorada en los pacientes con estancia en
cuidados intenisvos, ya que la estancia allí les genera un sinnúmero de cambios consigo
mismo como lo llega a ser la desrealización, despersonalización y falta de control de sí.
Por otro lado, se evidencia la importancia del rol de enfermería en esa valoración y en la
implementación de estrategias que propician una disminución de los estresores que
llevan a los pacientes a una alteración del estado mental que generan problemas con la
autoimagen.ABSTRACT: An integrative review of the literature was carried out with the aim of exploring the
existing scientific evidence on self-perception, self-concept and self-image in adults in
intensive care units. The databases Pubmed, Redalyc, Lilacs, BVS, Ovid, Science direct,
Embase, Clinical key and institutional repositories were searched with the terms MeSH
and DeCS self-concept, body image, perception, nursing, nursing intervention, critical
care, adults, with no time limit. As a result, 10 articles were selected and analyzed, and
three main themes were identified: 1) Not being in tune/harmony with the body; 2)
unpleasant sensations and emotions and 3) Nursing interventions to recognize body
image. It is concluded that self-perception, self-concept and self-image are a dimension
of the human being that should be taken into account and valued in patients in intensive
care, since their stay there generates a number of changes with themselves, such as
derealization, depersonalization and lack of self-control. On the other hand, the
importance of nursing role in this assessment and in the implementation of strategies that
promote a decrease in the stressors that lead patients to an alteration of the mental state
that generate problems with self-image is evidenced.EspecializaciónEspecialista en Enfermería en Cuidado al Adulto en Estado Crítico de salu
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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