13 research outputs found
Mastretta and her Female Characters: Models of Feminine Emancipation (Mastretta y sus protagonistas, ejemplos de emancipación femenina)
No full textAngeles Mastretta has become one of the most promising Mexican writers in modern Hispanicamerican literature in the last years. She has published five novels: Arráncame la vida (1985), Mujeres de ojos grandes (1990), Puerto libre (1993), Mal de amores (1995) and El mundo iluminado (1999). In her novels the central figure of the narration is the \u27woman\u27. Mastretta empowers her with a subversive and emancipating discourse. Based on the feminine protagonists in her works, I present the idea of independence and sexual liberation with Catalina Ascencio, Emilia Sauri, and the numerous aunts as examples. The author succeeds in making these characters independent of any pre-established socio-cultural canon and, thus, frees them from a conventional lifestyle. These women are ahead of their time and to achieve this social liberation, which society does not give them, they must use their emancipated sexuality as a liberating force
Optimization of a decellularized protocol of porcine tracheas. Long-term effects of cryopreservation. A histological study
No full text[EN] Objective:
The aim of this study was to optimize a decellularization protocol in the trachea of Sus scrofa domestica (pig) as well as to study the effects of long-term cryopreservation on the extracellular matrix of decellularized tracheas.
Methods:
Porcine tracheas were decellularized using Triton X-100, SDC, and SDS alone or in combination. The effect of these detergents on the extracellular matrix characteristics of decellularized porcine tracheas was evaluated at the histological, biomechanical, and biocompatibility level. Morphometric approaches were used to estimate the effect of detergents on the collagen and elastic fibers content as well as on the removal of chondrocytes from decellularized organs. Moreover, the long-term structural, ultrastructural, and biomechanical effect of cryopreservation of decellularized tracheas were also estimated.
Results:
Two percent SDS was the most effective detergent tested concerning cell removal and preservation of the histological and biomechanical properties of the tracheal wall. However, long-term cryopreservation had no an appreciable effect on the structure, ultrastructure, and biomechanics of decellularized tracheal rings.
Conclusion:
The results presented here reinforce the use of SDS as a valuable decellularizing agent for porcine tracheas. Furthermore, a cryogenic preservation protocol is described, which has minimal impact on the histological and biomechanical properties of decellularized porcine tracheas.The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by grants MAT2016-76039-C4-2-R (MST) and PID2019-106099RB-C42 (MM) from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of the Spanish Government, by grant PI16-01315 from the ISCIII (Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades, Spain), and by grant PROMETEO/2020/069 (CC) from the local government of the Comunitat Valenciana (Spain), CIBER-BBN and CIBERER are funded by the VI National R&D&I Plan 2008-2011, Iniciativa Ingenio 2010, Consolider Program, CIBER Actions, and the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, with assistance from the European Regional Development Fund.Milián, L.; Sancho-Tello, M.; Roig-Soriano, J.; Foschini, G.; Martínez-Hernández, NJ.; Más Estellés, J.; Ruiz-Sauri, A.... (2021). Optimization of a decellularized protocol of porcine tracheas. Long-term effects of cryopreservation. A histological study. The International Journal of Artificial Organs. 44(12):998-1012. https://doi.org/10.1177/03913988211008912S9981012441
The theory of everything (2014), a closer to the effects of Amiotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in the life of Stephen Hawking
No full textStephen Hawking, author of the most fundamental theories of black hole´s behavior and other considerations of time and space, suffers from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, diagnosed during his last year at Oxford, as described in the movie The Theory of Everything (2014) directed by James Marsh and produced by Anthony McCarten. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or Lou Gehrig´s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes progressive weakness of voluntary muscles. It is characterized by a degeneration of motor neurons in the motor cortex, brain stem and spinal cord.Stephen Hawking, autor de las teorías más fundamentales sobre el comportamiento de los agujeros negros, entreotras consideraciones sobre el tiempo y el espacio; padece de esclerosis lateral amiotrófica, la cual le fue diagnosticadadurante su último año en Oxford, tal y como se describe en la película La teoría del todo (2014) dirigida por James Marsh y producida por Anthony McCarten. La esclerosis lateral amiotrófica (ELA) o enfermedad de Lou Gehrig es una alteración neurodegenerativa progresiva que ocasiona debilitamiento gradual de la musculatura voluntaria.Se caracteriza por una pérdida progresiva de la moto?neurona de la corteza motora, tronco del encéfalo y médulaespinal
IL1β Induces Mesenchymal Stem Cells Migration and Leucocyte Chemotaxis Through NF-κB
No full text# The Author(s) 2012. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells are often transplanted into inflammatory environments where they are able to survive and modulate host immune responses through a poorly understood mechanism. In this paper we analyzed the responses of MSC to IL-1β: a representative inflammatory mediator. Microarray analysis of MSC treated with IL-1β revealed that this cytokine activateds a set of genes related to biological processes such as cell survival, cell migration, cell adhesion, chemokine production, induction of angiogenesis and modulation of the immune response. Further more detailed analysis by real-time PCR and functional assays revealed that IL-1β mainly increaseds the production o
Transgenic tomato plants overexpressing tyramine N-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase exhibit elevated hydroxycinnamic acid amide levels and enhanced resistance to Pseudomonas syringae
No full textThis paper has not yet been peer reviewed, copyedited or proofread. The final published
version may differ. The final version of the article is available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-04-14-0104-R
© 2014 The American Phytopathological Society[EN] Hydroxycinnamic acid amides (HCAA) are secondary metabolites involved in plant development and defense that have been widely reported throughout the plant kingdom. These phenolics show antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA: tyramine N-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (THT) is the key enzyme in HCAA synthesis and is induced in response to pathogen infection, wounding, or elicitor treatments, preceding HCAA accumulation. We have engineered transgenic tomato plants overexpressing tomato THT. These plants displayed an enhanced THT gene expression in leaves as compared with wild type (WT) plants. Consequently, leaves of THT-over-expressing plants showed a higher constitutive accumulation of the amide coumaroyltyramine (CT). Similar results were found in flowers and fruits. Moreover, feruloyltyramine (FT) also accumulated in these tissues, being present at higher levels in transgenic plants. Accumulation of CT, FT and octopamine, and noradrenaline HCAA in response to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato infection was higher in transgenic plants than in the WT plants. Transgenic plants showed an enhanced resistance to the bacterial infection. In addition, this HCAA accumulation was accompanied by an increase in salicylic acid levels and pathogenesis-related gene induction. Taken together, these results suggest that HCAA may play an important role in the defense of tomato plants against P. syringae infection.The authors are grateful to C. Torres, A. Sauri, and T. Caballero for technical support. We also thank C. Gomez-Mena for her assistance in tomato flower sampling. This work was supported by Grant BIO2012-33419 from the Direccion General de Programas y Transferencia de Conocimiento, from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. L. Campos was the recipient of a predoctoral fellowship ACIF/2010/231 from Generalitat Valenciana (Spain). The work presented here was carried out in collaboration between all authors. J. M. Belles defined the research theme. L. Campos, L. Zacares and M. P. Lopez-Gresa carried out the laboratory experiments. P. Lison and I. Rodrigo contributed to the experimental design and the interpretation of the data. L. Campos drafted the article. M. P. Lopez-Gresa, P. Lison and I. Rodrigo participated in revising it critically for important intellectual content. J. M. Belles and V. Conejero gave the final approval of the version to be published. Each author has participated sufficiently in the work to take public responsibility for the content.Campos Beneyto, L.; Lisón Párraga, MP.; López Gresa, MP.; Rodrigo Bravo, I.; Zacarés Sanmartín, L.; Conejero Tomás, V.; Belles Albert, JM. (2014). Transgenic tomato plants overexpressing tyramine N-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase exhibit elevated hydroxycinnamic acid amide levels and enhanced resistance to Pseudomonas syringae. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions. 27(10):1159-1169. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-04-14-0104-RS11591169271
The influence of cultural diversity on student learning interactions: a qualitative study of rapport management in an undergraduate problem based learning group
No full textThe aim of this research was to determine whether cultural diversity had any impact on the quality of learning interactions used in Problem Based Learning (PBL). This qualitative, interpretive study followed one culturally diverse group of 11 students on their first year of an undergraduate Diagnostic Radiography programme. Data comprised video footage of 10 PBL tutorials, and individual and focus group interviews, collected over the period of one academic year between 2007 and 2008. A Grounded Theory (GT) approach was used to manage the data and construct the argument. Interactions were explored using Discourse Analysis (DA), employing the constructs of Face, Politeness and Rapport Management (RM) to understand how students managed the communicative demands of PBL to achieve their learning goal. The study found that PBL requires students to engage in face-threatening behaviours to a greater extent than more traditional learning methods, because it expects the students to discuss subjects of which they have little prior knowledge and then puts student centre-stage for planning learning objectives and delivering the learning to others. Members of culturally diverse learning groups may have difficulty in finding a common strategy of communication for PBL because their differences make it difficult to predict how they will be judged by others in the group. Furthermore, reducing social distance, which would overcome this dilemma, is more difficult in groups where the individuals are culturally diverse. Age diversity, as an influential factor, featured highly in the group studied. A Sociopragmatic Interactional Principle (SIP) of equity-autonomy predominated in the group’s interactions as a result of these issues. This ethos meant that the students opted for superficial learning interactions which were confirmative rather than critical. It appears the strength of Face Threatening Acts (FTAs) in PBL is extremely high for such a group and that the impact of socialisation for reducing social distance, inhibited because of cultural diversity, has an influential role in reducing the impact of face. The findings of this study can be used by tutors to understand the communicative demands made on students in PBL. Face threat might be lessened either by giving students more freedom to feel they are in control of the PBL tutorial rather than being constrained by notions of the ‘right’ and the ‘wrong’ way to participate, or conversely, providing a more structured process to legitimise FTAs. The developing ethos of the group may help to identify which of these approaches is most suitable to the needs of the group. The study also highlights the importance of promoting off-task social engagement for PBL groups, especially culturally diverse groups where members do not normally socialise outside the tutorial
Editor-in-Chief Note
No full textDear Readers,
I am often asked to define sustainable development and its broad relevance today. The most widely used definition is surely the Brundtland Commission’s: that which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. With this second issue ofConsilience: The Journal of Sustainable Development, I am eager to share with you the view that I wholeheartedly support and credit to Ismail Serageldin, the Director of the Library of Alexandria in Egypt and author of dozens of academic essays on sustainability: sustainable development as the sustainability of opportunity. Sustainability, he argues, is giving future generations as many opportunities as, if not more than, we have had ourselves. In this second issue of Consilience the authors translate this “giving” to the growth of opportunity: economic opportunity, knowledge transfer, and natural conservation.
In this second issue of Consilience, the editors and writers worked ambitiously to create and inspire interdisciplinary dialogue between students and development practitioners that would promote this sustainability of opportunity. We hope to provide a glimpse into the pool of exceptional motivation of our authors, who are each committed to share their interests and experiences with you. Our vision: to reveal clearly the aspirations and voices of the authors, and to share the reasoning and discussion behind the competitive selection process for articles for Consilience. To support this vision each article in this Issue features two additional notes, as introductions to the fascinating topics and multi-disciplinarity behind each piece: The Senior Editor’s Note, found before each piece and the Author’s Note, the authors’ own preface to readers. In so doing, we hope to expand the dialogue on issues of sustainable development.
Here, I briefly introduce to you the authors and their written work published in Issue II of Consilience. These authors are students and professors of health, economics, social psychology, epidemiology, political science, transitional justice, Asian studies, and pastoral development. Like many of our readers, they are also development practitioners, who work at field study schools, research universities and with governmental agencies around the world.
In reading their written work, you will encounter an immense diversity of research methods used, including the Likert Scale, a psychometric scale for evaluating survey responses, and Multivariate General Linear model analyses, for identifying the regression and variance of collected data. In the “Author’s Notes,” the contributors describe their motivations for and research experiences from schools around the world, including Tanzania, Ghana, Togo, Brazil, and parts of Asia. Their innovative thinking is clear when you read of their suggested tools for development and recommended solutions in Maher Abu-Madi and Rashed Al-Sa’ed’s “Towards Sustainable Wastewater Reuse in the Middle East and North Africa” and Richard King’s “The Political Economy of the Resource Curse in Gabon: Lessons for Ghana.”
I invite you to relate to their experiences as expressed through distinct voices, organized into the four categories of Consilience: scholarly articles, field notes, photo essays, and opinion pieces.
In the scholarly articles, the authors present case studies that respond to the ideas of eminent thinkers in economics, history of the environment, the labor movement, and gender equality: Amartya Sen, Ravi Kanbur, Ester Boserup, and Elizabeth Economy. I welcome you to follow five authors as they investigate community-based watershed management in the Philippines (“Evaluation of the NZAID project” by Freeman et al.), and four others as they conduct 123 surveys in three villages over the course of four days, in the northern Shaanxi province in China (“Social Responses to Environmental Degradation in Northwest Rural China” by Moore et al.).
The field notes, photo essays, and opinion pieces are dually captivating personal transcripts and critical examinations of current development work. I was personally moved by the description of child labor issues in Schapper’s “From the Global to the Local: How International Child Rights in Bangladesh Reach the Grass Roots’ Level.” Cumming’s “Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response in Uganda,” which describes his work with Village Health Teams and the National Task Force on Cholera and Hepatitis E. in Kampala, Uganda presents a novel perspective on issues of global health. Burgess’ “Illusions of Grandeur: The Role of the Psychosocial in a Sennian Approach to Escaping Urban Poverty” examines the psychosocial barriers to poverty alleviation projects in Brazilian shantytowns in a thought-provoking and critical manner.
In Issue II’s four photo galleries, you will read about what inspired photo essayist Bachhuber to chronicle India’s most famous and toxic river, the Ganges. Batkhsihig affords us a behind-the-scenes tour of the daily tasks of Mongolian herder families. Laso will expose you to the hidden aquatic lifestyle and vast seasonal migration areas of the Podocnemis, the river turtle of the Amazonian landscape, and Drs. Nyasimi and Okang’a of the Millennium Villages Project will introduce you to the Sauri Village’s new community ambulance and community-founded theater group.
To return to our understanding of sustainable development as thesustainability of opportunity, it is my hope that you will join us in commenting on each piece through this provided online medium and encouraging the growth of vast opportunities: in research methods, for actors involved in drafting policies, and in academic dialogue. We know that the opportunities must continue to grow in the context of real-world poverty alleviation projects, legislation for environmental governance, and provisions beyond basic needs.
Thank you for your interest in Issue II of Consilience: The Journal of Sustainable Development. I welcome you to contribute, through comments and critique, and as future writers.
With regards,
Hannah Lee Editor-in-Chief Consilience: The Journal of Sustainable Developmen
Recommended from our members
Editor-in-Chief Note
No full textDear Readers,
I am often asked to define sustainable development and its broad relevance today. The most widely used definition is surely the Brundtland Commission’s: that which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. With this second issue ofConsilience: The Journal of Sustainable Development, I am eager to share with you the view that I wholeheartedly support and credit to Ismail Serageldin, the Director of the Library of Alexandria in Egypt and author of dozens of academic essays on sustainability: sustainable development as the sustainability of opportunity. Sustainability, he argues, is giving future generations as many opportunities as, if not more than, we have had ourselves. In this second issue of Consilience the authors translate this “giving” to the growth of opportunity: economic opportunity, knowledge transfer, and natural conservation.
In this second issue of Consilience, the editors and writers worked ambitiously to create and inspire interdisciplinary dialogue between students and development practitioners that would promote this sustainability of opportunity. We hope to provide a glimpse into the pool of exceptional motivation of our authors, who are each committed to share their interests and experiences with you. Our vision: to reveal clearly the aspirations and voices of the authors, and to share the reasoning and discussion behind the competitive selection process for articles for Consilience. To support this vision each article in this Issue features two additional notes, as introductions to the fascinating topics and multi-disciplinarity behind each piece: The Senior Editor’s Note, found before each piece and the Author’s Note, the authors’ own preface to readers. In so doing, we hope to expand the dialogue on issues of sustainable development.
Here, I briefly introduce to you the authors and their written work published in Issue II of Consilience. These authors are students and professors of health, economics, social psychology, epidemiology, political science, transitional justice, Asian studies, and pastoral development. Like many of our readers, they are also development practitioners, who work at field study schools, research universities and with governmental agencies around the world.
In reading their written work, you will encounter an immense diversity of research methods used, including the Likert Scale, a psychometric scale for evaluating survey responses, and Multivariate General Linear model analyses, for identifying the regression and variance of collected data. In the “Author’s Notes,” the contributors describe their motivations for and research experiences from schools around the world, including Tanzania, Ghana, Togo, Brazil, and parts of Asia. Their innovative thinking is clear when you read of their suggested tools for development and recommended solutions in Maher Abu-Madi and Rashed Al-Sa’ed’s “Towards Sustainable Wastewater Reuse in the Middle East and North Africa” and Richard King’s “The Political Economy of the Resource Curse in Gabon: Lessons for Ghana.”
I invite you to relate to their experiences as expressed through distinct voices, organized into the four categories of Consilience: scholarly articles, field notes, photo essays, and opinion pieces.
In the scholarly articles, the authors present case studies that respond to the ideas of eminent thinkers in economics, history of the environment, the labor movement, and gender equality: Amartya Sen, Ravi Kanbur, Ester Boserup, and Elizabeth Economy. I welcome you to follow five authors as they investigate community-based watershed management in the Philippines (“Evaluation of the NZAID project” by Freeman et al.), and four others as they conduct 123 surveys in three villages over the course of four days, in the northern Shaanxi province in China (“Social Responses to Environmental Degradation in Northwest Rural China” by Moore et al.).
The field notes, photo essays, and opinion pieces are dually captivating personal transcripts and critical examinations of current development work. I was personally moved by the description of child labor issues in Schapper’s “From the Global to the Local: How International Child Rights in Bangladesh Reach the Grass Roots’ Level.” Cumming’s “Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response in Uganda,” which describes his work with Village Health Teams and the National Task Force on Cholera and Hepatitis E. in Kampala, Uganda presents a novel perspective on issues of global health. Burgess’ “Illusions of Grandeur: The Role of the Psychosocial in a Sennian Approach to Escaping Urban Poverty” examines the psychosocial barriers to poverty alleviation projects in Brazilian shantytowns in a thought-provoking and critical manner.
In Issue II’s four photo galleries, you will read about what inspired photo essayist Bachhuber to chronicle India’s most famous and toxic river, the Ganges. Batkhsihig affords us a behind-the-scenes tour of the daily tasks of Mongolian herder families. Laso will expose you to the hidden aquatic lifestyle and vast seasonal migration areas of the Podocnemis, the river turtle of the Amazonian landscape, and Drs. Nyasimi and Okang’a of the Millennium Villages Project will introduce you to the Sauri Village’s new community ambulance and community-founded theater group.
To return to our understanding of sustainable development as thesustainability of opportunity, it is my hope that you will join us in commenting on each piece through this provided online medium and encouraging the growth of vast opportunities: in research methods, for actors involved in drafting policies, and in academic dialogue. We know that the opportunities must continue to grow in the context of real-world poverty alleviation projects, legislation for environmental governance, and provisions beyond basic needs.
Thank you for your interest in Issue II of Consilience: The Journal of Sustainable Development. I welcome you to contribute, through comments and critique, and as future writers.
With regards,
Hannah Lee Editor-in-Chief Consilience: The Journal of Sustainable Developmen
Aportación a la historia del léxico del s. XVIII: análisis de las Obras de Mengs de D. José Nicolás de Azara
No full textThis research consists of a lexicological characterization of the Obras de D. Antonio Rafael Mengs, primer pintor de Cámara del Rey, a theoretical treatise, published in the late eighteenth century. The author of this paper analyzes both the lexicon of the Arts and the 18th century neologisms found in the text.A partir del estudio de las Obras de D. Antonio Rafael Mengs, primer pintor de Cámara del Rey, publicadas por D. José Nicolás de Azara a finales del siglo XVIII, la autora de esta investigación realiza, en primer lugar, una caracterización lexicológica de este tratado teórico-artístico, prestando especial atención al léxico propio del género al que pertenece. A continuación, se analizan los neologismos del siglo XVIII encontrados en el texto
