404 research outputs found
A dynamic reading of the Holy Spirit in Luke-Acts.
No full textThis study examines the Holy Spirit in Luke-Acts through a new perspective: 'dynamic biblical narrative criticism'. Chapter I briefly surveys the past and present issues in the study of the Holy Spirit in Luke and Acts by focusing on three representative scholars: J. D. G. Dunn; R-P. Menzies; M. M. B. - Turner, while noting that their research (including that of other influential scholars) was almost always undertaken by 'historical critical methods', especially 'redaction criticism’. Then I set out my methodology and procedure for the present work. Chapter 2 provides the literary repertoire of the Lukan Holy Spirit by examining the use of ruach or pneuma in the Jewish Bible and concludes that the divine Spirit in the extra text is always characterized as God's own Spirit, revealing his will/purpose by representing his power, activity and presence through his human agents. Chapters 3, 4 and 5 explore the Holy Spirit in Luke-Acts as dynamic biblical narrative. Chapter 3 discusses the relationship between the narrator’s point of view and the Spirit and notes especially that this point of View focuses not only on God and Jesus, but also on the Holy Spirit. References to the Holy Spirit are used to suggest narrative reliability: both the Lukan narrator and reliable characters are positively associated with the 'divine frame of reference', particularly with the Holy Spirit. Chapters 4 and 5 elucidate the Holy Spirit as a literary character through narrative theories of 'character' and 'characterization'. So Chapter 4 analyses the Spirit ill terms of 'character-presentation' and concludes that the Holy Spirit is characterized as God's promised Holy Spirit giving God's power and insight for his ongoing plan to God's human agents and his people in general as anticipated in the literary repertoire. At the same time, however, the Spirit is also characterized in close relation to (the risen) Jesus the Messiah and Lord, and after Jesus’ ascension the Spirit is almost always presented in contexts in which Jesus' witnesses are said to bear witness to the risen Jesus, not only to Jews, but also to Gentiles. Chapter 5 further explores the characterization of the Holy Spirit ill terms of the narrative function of the Spirit in relation to the causal aspect of the plot. It is argued that the major narrative function of the Holy Spirit is to empower and guide individual characters as God's human agents and Jesus' witnesses to seek and save God's people in accordance with the plan of God, while the Spirit also functions as verifying group characters as incorporated into God's people and is employed in relation to the life- situations of believers in settled communities by granting them charismatic gifts or comforting and encouraging them or initiating forms of patriarchal leadership. Chapter 6 summarizes the conclusions of the earlier chapters and briefly draws out implications of the results. of this study: (1) the theological significance of the Lukan presentation of the Holy Spirit and (2) the relationship of the Holy Spirit to (a) the narrator or implied author, (b) the text and (c) the implied reader of Luke-Acts, with final remarks about the legitimacy of Lukan ideology, the power of modem readers and my reading
The role of attachment in adult mental health difficulties following the experience of childhood abuse
No full textChild abuse is recognised to contribute to the development of adult mental health problems and personality disorders. The role of attachment in this relationship is widely acknowledged, but not well understood. A systematic review of the literature investigated studies considering the role of adult attachment in symptoms of PTSD in populations which had experienced child abuse. Different attachment styles, particularly ‘negative model of self’ were shown to be associated with PTSD. Moderating and mediating roles of attachment was observed across some, but not all studies. The influence of different forms of abuse and attachment figures were observed and discussed with relation to limitations of studies and clinical implications.Prevalence rates of child abuse, mental health difficulties, personality disorders and emotion dysregulation are high in the homeless population. Although associated with these factors, the relationship with attachment has not been researched. The empirical paper used a cross sectional design to investigate the presence of personality constructs associated with self-control, and, the role of attachment with these factors. Ninety-one participants completed self-report measures, identifying high levels of ego under-control and ego-resiliency. Results showed significant correlations across the majority of variables. Bootstrapping methodology suggested anxious attachment mediated the relationship between child abuse and emotion dysregulation. Further analysis showed emotion dysregulation mediated the relationship between anxious and avoidant attachment, and, self-control. These findings provide further support for the role of attachment in mental health problems and personality disorders, and, previous research recognising the importance of individual factors influencing the experience of being homelessness
Using a communication approach to understand the antecedents of medical mistrust: Testing the ecological medical mistrust antecedents (EMMA) model
No full textMedical mistrust, distrust in the motives of medical personnel and institutions, has been cited as a barrier to engagement in several positive health behaviors. It has been associated with decreased likelihood of engaging in routine health check-ups (Hammond, Matthews, Mohottige, Agyemang, & Corbie-Smith, 2010), undergoing cancer screenings (e.g., Thompson, Valdimarsdottir, Winkel, Jandorf, & Redd, 2004), adhering to treatment (e.g., Kalichman, Eaton, Kalichman, & Cherry, 2017) and becoming a registered organ donor (Morgan, Stephenson, Harrison, Afifi, & Long, 2008). As a result, medical mistrust is a pervasive barrier that cuts across health contexts and topics; this makes addressing medical mistrust a critical step towards improving health outcomes.
Despite calls for investigation into medical mistrust (e.g., Adams & Simoni, 2016; Scharff et al., 2010), little work has been done, including within the field of communication, that explicitly examines medical mistrust as a phenomenon of interest. More specifically, there is a dearth of work examining the antecedents of medical mistrust. There is a single model in quantitative medical mistrust work that conceptualizes medical mistrust antecedents; however, this model neglects communication and was only designed to examine medical mistrust among Black men. A recent review of medical mistrust noted the lack of work in medical mistrust that examines antecedents and uses modeling techniques that allow for mediation to be investigated (Benkert, Cuevas, Thompson, Dove-Meadows, & Knuckles, 2019). To address these gaps, the current dissertation proposed a new model of medical mistrust – the Ecological Medical Mistrust Antecedents (EMMA) model, which posited that negative health-care socialization, negative health-care experiences, and racial discrimination experiences influence medical mistrust and that these relationships are mediated by perceived racism in health care and perceived financial corruption in health care. In doing so, this dissertation extends the literature on medical mistrust by: a) placing communication into the study of medical mistrust, particularly by looking at its role in antecedents; b) examining the role of mediated communication in medical mistrust; c) exploring the nuances of racial differences in medical mistrust; and d) examining the nuances of medical mistrust measures.
Study 1 sought to test the measurement and structural components of the hypothesized EMMA model; a multigroup model was used in order to test EMMA across racial groups. In Study 1, Black (n = 204) and White (n = 232) participants completed a survey that assessed the constructs associated with the EMMA model. Results revealed partial support for EMMA. There was no support for negative health-care socialization (NHS), negative health-care experiences (NHE), or racial discrimination experiences (RDE) as latent constructs. Additionally, there was no support for the inclusion of negative health-care socialization variables (i.e., interpersonal socialization and media socialization) in the model. There was, however, support for other portions of the model. For instance, for both Black and White participants, there was an indirect effect of personal NHE on medical mistrust via perceived racism. For White participants, there were indirect effects for vicarious interpersonal NHE, personal RDE, and vicarious interpersonal RDE through perceived racism. Additionally, for both Black and White participants, both personal NHE and vicarious media NHE exerted indirect effects on medical mistrust via perceived financial corruption. Most notably, vicarious media RDE exerted an indirect effect on medical mistrust via perceived corruption for White participants, and an indirect effect via both perceived racism in health care and perceived financial corruption in health care for Black participants.
Study 2 built upon Study 1 by utilizing an experimental design to examine the effects of news story content (i.e., mediated communication) on medical mistrust. In Study 2, Black participants (N = 410) were randomly assigned to view one of four news stories using a 2 (health care, non-health care) x 2 (racial discrimination, non-racial discrimination) between-subjects posttest only design, where health care content was depicted as lack of access (i.e., negative health care content). Study 2 focused on the role of mediated communication in medical mistrust and medical mistrust’s relationship to health intention outcomes. The results revealed that negative health content and racial discrimination content increased race-based medical mistrust but had no significant impact on general medical mistrust. Additionally, exposure to health-related racial discrimination stories resulted in higher levels of race-based medical mistrust than non-health, non-racial discrimination stories. Finally, only general medical mistrust was related to any health intention outcomes. Broadly, these findings point to: a) the feasibility of EMMA as a method of examining medical mistrust antecedents, b) differences in racial experiences that may translate to differences in the antecedents of medical mistrust, c) the importance of vicarious media racial discrimination experiences, and d) the need to further disentangle the relationship between general medical mistrust and race-based medical mistrust. Additional implications of these findings, as well as limitations and future research, are discussed.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2021-12-01The student, Lillie Williamson, accepted the attached license on 2019-12-03 at 07:03.The student, Lillie Williamson, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2019-12-03 at 07:12.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2019-12-03 at 10:45.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14654 on 2020-02-28 at 17:37:12Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-02T22:38:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Reading between the blurred lines: A discussion into the representation of rape and rape culture in contemporary fiction
No full textIn this dissertation, the focus will be on the representation of rape and rape culture within contemporary fiction; the aim of this is to discover how prevalent rape and rape culture is within this particular area. The thesis is split into three chapters, the first of which discusses the depictions of male rape and gender shifts in contemporary fiction, focusing on Lisbeth Salander as a rapist in The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo. The second chapter follows on from this, discussing the portrayal of victims of rape within contemporary fiction; and the last chapter debates whether or not a perpetuating rape culture means that women cannot be as sexually experimental as they wish to be. The aim of the dissertation is to focus on how authors depict rape, and whether or not this depiction is perpetuating rape culture, or simply addressing the issue within fiction. The introduction is a larger part of the dissertation, setting up exactly what rape and rape culture is, and how rape myths prevail in modern western society. There are certain areas that the dissertation has not addressed, such as race, because they are such complex issues that merely by giving them a single chapter within the dissertation would not be enough. The dissertation’s main purpose, and main area of focus, is to illustrate the perpetuating rape culture in western societies through gender inequality
Publisher Correction: SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is an immune escape variant with an altered cell entry pathway (Nature Microbiology, (2022), 7, 8, (1161-1179), 10.1038/s41564-022-01143-7)
No full text\ua9 The Author(s) 2022.In the version of this article initially published, the author affiliation information was incomplete, neglecting to note that Brian J. Willett, Joe Grove, Oscar A. MacLean, Craig Wilkie, Giuditta De Lorenzo, Wilhelm Furnon, Diego Cantoni, Sam Scott, Nicola Logan and Shirin Ashraf contributed equally and that John Haughney, David L. Robertson, Massimo Palmarini, Surajit Ray and Emma C. Thomson jointly supervised the work, as now indicated in the HTML and PDF versions of the article
Organización religiosa de la villa de Tacuba y sus cofradías rurales en el siglo XVIII. Dimensión Antropológica Vol. 4 Año 2 (1995) mayo-agosto
No full textBauer, A.J., "La Iglesia en la economía de América Latina, siglos XVI al XIX", en La Iglesia en América Latina, siglos XVI al XIX, INAH, México, 1986, pp. 13-57.Bazarte Martínez, Alicia, Las cofradías de españoles en la ciudad de México (1526-1869), UAM, México, 1989.Buelna Serrano, Ma. Elvira, "Modernidad y contramodernidad de la Compañía de Jesús", en Constelaciones de modernidad, UAM, México, 1990, pp. 49-78.Carrasco P., Pedro y Jesús Monjarás-Ruiz, Colección de documentos sobre Coyoacán (Vol. l), INAH, México, 1976.Códice Franciscano. Nueva Colección de documentos para la Historia de México, Editorial Salvador Chávez Hayhoe, México, 1941.Concilio III Provincial Mexicano, celebrado en México el año de 1585, publicado por Mariano Galván Rivera, Eugenio Maillefert y Cía., México, 1859.Concilio III Provincial Mexicano, celebrado en México el año de 1585, publicado por Mariano Galván Rivera, Imprenta de Manuel Miró y Marsá, Barcelona, 1870.Concilio Provincial Mexicano IV celebrado en la Ciudad de México en el año de 1771, Imprenta de la Escuela de Artes, Querétaro, 1898.Chance, John K. y Wilham B. Taylor, "Cofradías y cargos: una perspectiva histórica de la jerarquía cívico-religiosa mesoamericana", en Antropología. Boletín del INAH, México, Nueva época, núm. 14, mayo-junio, 1987, pp. 1-23.Díaz y de Ovando, Clementina, El Colegio Máximo de San Pedro y San Pablo, UNAM, México, 1985.García Díaz, Agripina, Las mayordomías en México, caso específico: San Pedro Cholula, tesis de la ENAH, México, 1979.Gil Elourdy, Julieta, Consideraciones sobre un sistema de cofradías en el municipio de Zunil, tesis de la ENAH, México, 1978.Islas Jiménez, Celia, "La iglesia y las cofradías en Tlalpujahua en la época colonial", en Apuntes de etnohistoria II, INAH, México, 1992, pp. 147-162.Kubler, George, Arquitectura mexicana del siglo XVI, FCE, México, 1968.Lavrín, Asunción, "Mundos en contraste: cofradías rurales y urbanas en México a fines del siglo XVIII”, en La iglesia en la economía de América Latina. Siglos XVI al XIX, INAH, México, 1986, pp. 235-276.Pérez de Rivas, Andrés, Crónica y historia religiosa de la Compañía de Jesús de México en Nueva España, 2 vols., Imprenta del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús, México, 1896.Pérez-Rocha, Emma, "Mayordomías y cofradías del pueblo de Tacuba en el siglo XVIII”, en Estudios de Historia Novohispana, 1978, vol. 6, pp. 119-131.____________, Servicio personal y tributo en Coyoacán: 1551-1553, CISINAH, México, 1978.____________, Colección de documentos en torno a la Iglesia de San Gabriel Tlacopan, INAH, México, 1988.Piho, Virve, La secularización de las parroquias en la Nueva España y su repercusión en San Andrés Calpan, INAH, México, 1981.Ponce, fray Alonso, Relación breve y verdadera de algunas cosas de las muchas que sucedieron al padre Alonso Ponce en las provincias de la Nueva España, 2 vols., Imprenta de la viuda de Calero, Madrid, 1873.Recopilación de las Leyes de Indias, 4 vols., Ed. Julián de Paredes, Madrid, 1681.Ricard, Robert, La conquista espiritual de México, FCE, México, 1986.Sepúlveda y Herrera, Ma. Teresa, Los cargos políticos y religiosos, en la región del lago de Pátzcuaro, INAH, México, 1974.Torquemada, fray Juan de, Monarquía Indiana, 7 vols., UNAM, México, 1979.Vetancurt, fray Agustín de, Teatro mexicano, Ed. Porrúa, México, 1971.SIGLASAPT = Archivo Parroquial de Tacuba
AGI = Archivo General de Indias
AGN = Archivo General de la NaciónLas principales fuentes que utilizamos para la elaboración del presente artículo forman parte de un tipo documental de gran importancia, pero poco estudiado y que la diplomática, como una de sus tareas específicas, espera ir definiendo en todas sus características
Author Correction: Environmental variability supports chimpanzee behavioural diversity
No full textThe original version of the Supplementary Information associated with this Article included an incorrect Supplementary Data 1 file, in which three columns (L, M and P) had slightly different variable names from those written in the code. The HTML has been updated to include a corrected version of Supplementary Data 1; the correct version of Supplementary Data 1 can be found as Supplementary Information associated with this Correction.Additional co-authors: Mattia Bessone, Gregory Brazzola, Valentine Ebua Buh, Rebecca Chancellor, Heather Cohen, Charlotte Coupland, Bryan Curran, Emmanuel Danquah, Tobias Deschner, Dervla Dowd, Manasseh Eno-Nku, J. Michael Fay, Annemarie Goedmakers, Anne-Céline Granjon, Josephine Head, Daniela Hedwig, Veerle Hermans, Sorrel Jones, Jessica Junker, Parag Kadam, Mohamed Kambi, Ivonne Kienast, Deo Kujirakwinja, Kevin E. Langergraber, Juan Lapuente, Bradley Larson, Kevin C. Lee, Vera Leinert, Manuel Llana, Sergio Marrocoli, Amelia C. Meier, David Morgan, Emily Neil, Sonia Nicholl, Emmanuelle Normand, Lucy Jayne Ormsby, Liliana Pacheco, Alex Piel, Jodie Preece, Martha M. Robbins, Aaron Rundus, Crickette Sanz, Volker Sommer, Fiona Stewart, Nikki Tagg, Claudio Tennie, Virginie Vergnes, Adam Welsh, Erin G. Wessling, Jacob Willie, Roman M. Wittig, Yisa Ginath Yuh, Klaus Zuberbühler & Hjalmar S. Küh
Faith, feeling and gender in the writing of Hartley, Wollstonecraft and Blake
No full textThis thesis examines David Hartley’s Observations on Man (1749) and elucidates how Hartley’s mechanical approach to mind, his conception of emotion, and the religious status he awards the body were newly relevant after 1791. In this way it identifies a ‘Hartlean culture’ within the Romantic period and seeks to explore how such an intellectual climate influenced the radical writers William Blake (1757–1827) and Mary Wollstonecraft (1759–1797). Blake and Wollstonecraft were acquainted with the famous bookseller Joseph Johnson, who republished Observations on Man in various forms and versions between 1775 and 1801. They also had an association with Johnson’s circle; the Hartlean concepts found throughout their work evidence Hartley’s latent popularity within intellectual culture, as well as the writers’ engagement with contemporary philosophical ideas. I propose that the renewed curiosity in Hartley during the 1790s reveals a specific religious and revolutionary culture wherein non-conformist views about Christianity and new ideas about the body, emotion and women flourished. Such a cultural moment renders Hartley a particularly important figure for debate since he integrated progressive values about equality and faith alongside advancing understanding of anatomy and mind. Hartley identified how God and happiness could be found physically within each person. He did this by combining a complex theory of vibrations and theory of association, where the body and mind functioned mechanically through a person’s feelings of pleasure and pain. These feelings manifested as physical vibrations and eventually led every person to desire goodness until finally, they can become ‘Godlike’ themselves. Hartley’s amalgamation of Christian and new theoretical concepts appealed to Blake and Wollstonecraft, and was much unlike the approach of Joseph Priestley who abridged Observations in 1775 to promote a wholly ‘scientific’ text. In this way, we can see resonances between Hartley, Blake and Wollstonecraft, even if they existed in different cultural contexts. In rethinking Blake and Wollstonecraft through Hartley, I offer new insights into their feminism. In particular I attend to how Hartlean culture enabled these writers to re-imagine gender and emotion: Wollstonecraft reinstates the female experience back into Hartlean concepts in order to promote women’s emotional potential and what she understands as the special power of the female-female bond. Blake responds to both Wollstonecraft and Hartley with his elevation of the feminine, one that envisions new potential for both sexes, emotionally and spiritually. In both cases, the writers share a fascination for the image of the female saviour, and they use terminology and concepts found in Hartley’s work to communicate their views. In being attentive to the shared vocabulary and ideas of these three writers’ works, this thesis highlights the importance of David Hartley and Hartlean culture for the field of Romantic Studies. It also illuminates Observations on Man as a vital contribution to the intellectual context of the 1790s
Voices and Perceptions of Language Brokering Mediators
No full textThe author has granted permission for their work to be available to the general public.This qualitative phenomenological case study adds to the existing studies on Language Brokering Mediators (LBMs) who language broke within their educational settings. The goals were to capture events and feelings of language brokering through recorded interviews outside their schools. I selected participants matching specific requirements; I transcribed one interview, coded it, clustered the codes into categories, developed themes, and analyzed them. Themes revealed that participants facilitated communication in their classrooms, their school, and at home as necessary. They also revealed that both participants had positive feelings about their linguistic skills, concerns about mispronouncing English words, and brokering during friends' conflicts. One month later, I met the participants again to conduct a member checking. On that occasion, we also discussed identities. The experiences shared by participants indicate that environments where linguistic skills are nurtured and guided promote a sense of self-efficacy and empathy, which impacts school success. It also revealed that LBMs might be aware of mispronouncing English words which could restrain their oral practice. Two limitations arose from the study: I did not observe the phenomenon in participants' classrooms, and the data in this thesis involved only two participants' experiences. The covid-19's restrictions, unfortunately, influenced access to their classrooms. Also, adding more participants could have robustized findings. Finally, the results could serve as an exploratory resource for those who work with LBMs students and desire to understand and provide holistic pedagogical practices for them.Bicultural-Bilingual Studie
Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis
No full textMultiple sclerosis is a common disease of the central nervous system in which the interplay between inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes typically results in intermittent neurological disturbance followed by progressive accumulation of disability. Epidemiological studies have shown that genetic factors are primarily responsible for the substantially increased frequency of the disease seen in the relatives of affected individuals, and systematic attempts to identify linkage in multiplex families have confirmed that variation within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) exerts the greatest individual effect on risk. Modestly powered genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have enabled more than 20 additional risk loci to be identified and have shown that multiple variants exerting modest individual effects have a key role in disease susceptibility. Most of the genetic architecture underlying susceptibility to the disease remains to be defined and is anticipated to require the analysis of sample sizes that are beyond the numbers currently available to individual research groups. In a collaborative GWAS involving 9,772 cases of European descent collected by 23 research groups working in 15 different countries, we have replicated almost all of the previously suggested associations and identified at least a further 29 novel susceptibility loci. Within the MHC we have refined the identity of the HLA-DRB1 risk alleles and confirmed that variation in the HLA-A gene underlies the independent protective effect attributable to the class I region. Immunologically relevant genes are significantly overrepresented among those mapping close to the identified loci and particularly implicate T-helper-cell differentiation in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis
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