1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
La intensificación en el español coloquial del siglo XXI : variación sincrónica, cambio microdiacrónico e identidad sociolingüística
No full textHet gebruik van intensiveerders – of overdrijvingsvormen – is een alomtegenwoordige en bijna universele taalstrategie, sterk gelinkt met de nood van de spreker om gradatie (‘in hogere mate') en persoonlijke evaluatie uit te drukken. Dit project bestudeert intensivering in het hedendaags informeel Spaans vanuit een multidimensionale en corpus-based benadering. Het eerste synchrone deel van de studie focust op de formele, functionele en sociale variatie van morfologische en lexicale intensiveerders. Spaanse sprekers maken gebruik van een uitgebreid gamma aan morfologische (bv. supermajo, fiestón) en lexicale (bv. mazo bien, me divertí que te cagas) vormen. De diversiteit en creativiteit zijn het meest opvallend in het productieve paradigma van lexicale intensiveerders, vaak gebruikt door sprekers om op te vallen als “little extravagant poets” (Haspelmath 1999, 1057). De studie toont aan dat de heterogeniteit die intensiveringsmechanismes karakteriseert grotendeels kan worden ontrafeld op basis van (i) het type intensivering (morfologisch of lexicaal), (ii) de semantische oorsprong, (iii) de syntactische kenmerken van de intensiverende taaluiting, (iv) de uitgedrukte semantisch-pragmatische betekenis en (v) het raakvlak tussen vorm en functie. Verder toont de sociolinguïstische studie aan dat het gebruik van intensiveerders significant wordt beïnvloed door sociale en situationele eigenschappen: jong zijn, vrouw zijn en spreken in een intiemere communicatieve setting (met familie of vrienden) bevorderen het frequent gebruik van intensiveerders. Op vormelijk vlak zien we dat verschillende intensiveerders (bijna) exclusief door jongeren worden gebruikt (bv. mazo, puto, to(do), que te cagas, que lo flipas). Als ‘in-group’ identiteitsmarkeerders creëren deze sociale afstand ten opzichte van andere generaties. Het sluitstuk van de synchrone studie onderzoekt de competitie tussen quasi-synonieme intensiveerders, meer specifiek tussen graduele intensiveerders die een adjectief modificeren (bv. mazo chulo, súperbarato, cansadísimo), en toont aan dat de variatie meer beïnvloed wordt door externe variabelen (vooral de leeftijd van de spreker), dan door interne variabelen, zoals de semantische prosodie (negatief/positief/neutraal) van het adjectief.
Om de status van intensiveerders als snel veranderende ‘fashion victims’ empirisch na te gaan, onderzoekt het tweede microdiachrone deel de recente taalverandering van intensiveerders in het taalgebruik van twee generaties jongeren. De data suggereren dat jongeren uit generatie Z meer intensiveerders gebruiken dan millennialjongeren. De verwachte “snelle verandering” binnen het paradigma kan echter niet empirisch worden bevestigd: de meest gebruikte intensiveerders door millennials blijven de meest frequente vormen in generatie Z. Ondanks de waargenomen stabiliteit, tonen bepaalde vormen wel duidelijke tekenen van grammaticalisatie over een tijdspanne van 15 jaar (bv. mazo, puto). Verder onthult het multifactoriële onderzoek de speciale rol van (jongere) meisjes uit de hogere middenklasse die behoren tot generatie Z in de verspreiding van expressieve intensiveerders in de 21ste eeuw. Deze resultaten suggereren dat traditionele sociolinguïstische hypotheses nog steeds geldig zijn voor het taalgebruik van millennials, waarbij bijvoorbeeld taboe-intensiveerders vaker door jongens uit lagere sociale klassen worden gebruikt. Voor generatie Z zijn deze aannames echter niet langer van toepassing: meisjes uit de hogere middenklasse gebruiken deze expressieve vormen met een taboe-oorsprong net het frequentst.
Kortom, deze multidimensionale studie draagt bij tot een breder begrip van het fenomeen van intensivering vanuit een synchroon en microdiachroon perspectief, en geeft inzage in de formele, functionele en sociolinguïstische factoren die de variatie bepalen.The use of intensifiers—or hyperbolic expressions—is a ubiquitous and nearly universal linguistic strategy, closely linked to the speaker's need to express gradation ('to a higher degree) and personal evaluation. This project examines intensification in contemporary informal Spanish through a multidimensional, corpus-based approach. The first synchronic part of the study focuses on the formal, functional, and social variation of morphological and lexical intensifiers. Spanish speakers employ a wide range of morphological (e.g., supermajo, fiestón) and lexical (e.g., mazo bien, me divertí que te cagas) forms. The diversity and creativity are most striking in the productive paradigm of lexical intensifiers, often used by speakers to stand out as "little extravagant poets" (Haspelmath 1999, 1057). The study demonstrates that the heterogeneity characterizing intensification can largely be unraveled based on (i) the type of intensification (morphological or lexical), (ii) the semantic origin, (iii) the syntactic features of the intensifying expression, (iv) the expressed semantic-pragmatic meaning, and (v) the interplay between form and function. Additionally, the sociolinguistic study shows that the use of intensifiers is significantly influenced by social and situational properties: being young, female, and speaking in a more intimate communicative setting (with family or friends) promotes the frequent use of intensifiers. Formally, we observe that different intensifiers are (almost) exclusively used by young people (e.g., mazo, puto, to(do), que te cagas, que lo flipas). As 'in-group' identity markers, these create social distance from other generations. The culmination of the synchronic study investigates the competition between quasi-synonymous intensifiers, specifically among degree intensifiers that modify an adjective (e.g., mazo chulo, súperbarato, cansadísimo), and shows that the variation is more influenced by external variables (particularly the speaker's age) than by internal variables, such as the semantic prosody (negative/positive/neutral) of the adjective.
To empirically investigate the status of intensifiers as rapidly changing 'fashion victims,' the second micro-diachronic part examines recent language change in the intensifying paradigm among teenagers of two generations. The data suggest that Generation Z youngsters use more intensifiers than millennials. However, the expected "rapid change" within the paradigm cannot be empirically confirmed: the most used intensifiers by millennials remain the most frequent forms in Generation Z. Despite the observed stability within the paradigm, certain forms show clear signs of grammaticalization over a 15-year span (e.g., mazo, puto). Furthermore, the multifactorial analysis reveals the special role of (younger) upper-middle-class girls from Generation Z in spreading expressive intensifiers in the 21st century. These results suggest that traditional sociolinguistic hypotheses still hold for millennial language use, where for instance taboo intensifiers are more frequently used by boys from lower social classes. For Generation Z, however, these assumptions no longer apply: upper-middle-class girls use these expressive forms with a taboo origin most frequently.
In conclusion, this multidimensional study contributes to a broader understanding of the phenomenon of intensification from a synchronic and microdiachronic perspective, providing insights into the formal, functional and sociolinguistic factors that determine its variation
La evolución reciente del intensificador mazo (de) en el lenguaje juvenil madrileño : gramaticalización y difusión social
No full textThis article aims to trace the grammaticalization and recent social diffusion of the intensifier mazo (de). Despite its high frequency in the language of Madrilenian teenagers, this linguistic innovation of the late 20th century has not been studied in detail to date. To this end, a real-time analysis is carried out, based on two highly comparable samples of youth speech data, recorded at two different moments in the 21st century: Corpus Oral de Lenguaje Adolescente de Madrid or COLAm (2003–2007) and youth conversations from the Corpus Oral de Madrid or CORMA (2019). The results highlight that mazo (de) passed through a process of grammaticalization from collective noun to multifunctional intensifier, including reanalysis and host class expansion (Traugott, 2008), and bring to light innovative pragmatic uses. The sociolinguistic analysis suggests that the social diffusion of mazo (de) can be understood as a “change from below” (Eckert, 2003)
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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