1,720,954 research outputs found
Dengue: A necessidade de uma abordagem sustentada e integrada da vigilância epidemiológica. Colômbia, um novo visual para voltar ao essencial
No full textThis paper provides an updated review of the dengue situation in the Latin-American countries, focusing on Colombia as a highly and historically affected nation. In first instance, it presents a scientific overview about the biology, clinical progress, transmission mode and epidemiology of the disease. Secondly, it describes the different outbreaks in the region during the past five decades. Thirdly, as an illustration of historical trends in most provinces and Colombian territories, early detection and predictive value of a dengue epidemic is inadequate and how a surveillance system should work. Based on these, the document proposes to provide a framework for a pilot model of a sustained and integrated epidemiological surveillance system in Colombia, focused on early detection, prediction (turning point) of outbreaks and recommendation of a model to be implemented by the Colombian local health units of each affected territory.
It emphasizes that a vector-borne disease such as dengue must be addressed locally, having the individual, all the way through a primary health care and population-based approach, at the center of the system. It also highlights a new approach for returning to the basics in primary health attention in which the community health promoter be again one of the main participants. The paper concludes that without a primary health care approach, particularly under the existing decentralized local and regional governments, it will be so difficult to achieve real control over this kind of cyclical public health issues.Este documento proporciona una revisión actualizada de la situación del dengue en los países de América Latina, centrándose en Colombia como una nación alta e históricamente afectada. En primera instancia, proporciona una visión científica sobre la biología, evolución clínica, modo de transmisión y epidemiología de la enfermedad. En segundo lugar, describe los diferentes brotes de las últimas cinco décadas en la región. En tercer lugar, es un ilustrativo de las tendencias históricas, en la mayoría de las provincias y territorios colombianos, donde se evidencia que la detección temprana y el valor predictivo de una epidemia de dengue es inadecuado, mostrando la situación actual en Colombia y cómo debe funcionar realmente el sistema de vigilancia. Con base en estos aspectos, se pretende brindar un marco para un modelo piloto de un sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica sostenido e integrado para Colombia, orientado a la detección temprana y predicción (punto de inflexión) de los brotes de dengue. De esta forma el modelo se brinda como una recomendación para ser implementado por las unidades locales de salud en cada territorio afectado.
Al final, este artículo de revisión enfatiza que una enfermedad transmitida por vectores como el dengue debe ser abordada a nivel local, teniendo al individuo, a través de un enfoque de atención primaria de salud, en el centro del sistema. También destaca una nueva mirada para volver a las bases en la atención primaria de salud, en la que el promotor comunitario de salud vuelve a ser uno de los principales actores. De hecho, el documento concluye que, sin un enfoque de atención primaria de la salud, particularmente bajo los gobiernos locales y regionales descentralizados existentes, será muy difícil lograr un verdadero control de este tipo de problemática en salud pública.Este documento fornece uma revisão atualizada da situação da dengue nos países da América Latina, com foco na Colômbia como um país alto e historicamente afetado. Em primeira instância, fornece uma visão científica da biologia, curso clínico, modo de transmissão e epidemiologia da doença. Em segundo lugar, descreve os diferentes surtos das últimas cinco décadas na região. Em terceiro lugar, é ilustrativo de tendências históricas, na maioria das províncias e territórios colombianos, onde é evidente que a detecção precoce e o valor preditivo de uma epidemia de dengue são inadequados, mostrando a situação atual na Colômbia e como deve ser o sistema de vigilância para realmente funcionar . Com base nesses aspectos, pretende-se fornecer uma estrutura para um modelo piloto de um sistema de vigilância epidemiológica sustentado e integrado para a Colômbia, voltado para a detecção precoce e previsão (ponto de inflexão) de surtos de dengue. Dessa forma, o modelo é oferecido como recomendação a ser implementada pelas unidades locais de saúde de cada território afetado.
Ao final, este artigo de revisão enfatiza que uma doença transmitida por vetores como a dengue deve ser abordada no nível local, tendo o indivíduo, por meio de uma abordagem de atenção primária à saúde, no centro do sistema. Também destaca um novo olhar para o retorno ao básico na atenção primária à saúde, na qual o promotor comunitário de saúde é novamente um dos principais atores. De fato, o documento conclui que, sem uma abordagem de atenção primária à saúde, particularmente sob os atuais governos locais e regionais descentralizados, será muito difícil conseguir um verdadeiro controle desse tipo de problema de saúde pública
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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