93 research outputs found
Sexuality and nationality: homophobic discourse and the 'national threat' in contemporary Latvia
No full textThis paper considers why attitudes towards gays and lesbians in
Latvia appear to be more intolerant than in all other EU member states. The paper
argues that while the legacy of communist discourses on homosexuality and
the impact of post-communist transition have played a role in shaping attitudes
towards sexuality and sexual minorities in Central and Eastern Europe, these
factors cannot sufficiently explain the divergence among post-communist states
and, in particular, do not account for Latvia’s extreme position. While acknowledging
that intolerance towards non-heteronormative sexualities cannot be explained
by a single factor, the paper argues that homosexuality has become particularly
reviled in Latvia because it has been widely discursively constructed as
a threat to the continued existence of the nation
Resposta Dos Autores
No full text[No abstract available]455992Domingues, G.B.L., Gallani, M.C., Gobatto, C.A., Miura, C.T.P., Rodrigues, R.C.M., Myers, J., Adaptação cultural de instrumento para avaliação da capacidade físicaem cardiopatas (2011) Rev Saude Publica, 45 (2), pp. 276-285. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102011005000006, DO
The "moving Heart Program": An Intervention To Improve Physical Activity Among Patients With Coronary Heart Disease ["programa Coração Em Movimento": Intervenção Para Promover Atividade Física Entre Pacientes Com Doença Arterial Coronária]
No full textAim: this paper reports the results of a nursing-administered theory-based intervention, the "Moving Heart Program", based on the implementation intention theory and pointed at improving physical activity adherence among coronary heart disease outpatients in Brazil. Methods: this experimental study applied assessments at baseline, 1 and 2 months after baseline. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials statement was followed. Participants were randomly assigned to intervention, comprising action and coping plans on how to deal with anticipated barriers (n=69), or a standard-care control group (n=67). Results: participants submitted to the intervention showed significant higher levels of physical activity 2 months after baseline and were significantly more active than the control group. Conclusions: the results indicate that the intervention is feasible for patients with coronary heart disease and can be a useful tool to facilitate intended lifestyle changes. This study brings relevant contributions to the Nursing field and other health-related areas, once the intervention presents low cost to health services and can be applied in cardiac rehabilitation programs, showing significant benefits to participants.21SPL180189Haskell, W.L., Lee, I.-M., Pate, R.P., Powell, K.E., Blair, S.N., Franklin, B.A., Macera, C.A., Bauman, A., Physical activity and public health: Updated recommendation for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association (2007) Circulation., 116, pp. 1081-1093Agarwal, S.K., Cardiovascular benefits of exercise (2012) Int J Gen Med, 5, pp. 541-545Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2012 Update: A report from the American Heart Association (2012) Circulation., 125, pp. e2-e220. , American Heart AssociationMcEachan, R.R.C., Lawton, R.J., Jackson, C., Conner, M., Lunt, J., Evidence, Theory and Context: Using intervention mapping to develop a worksite physical activity intervention (2008) BMC Public Health., 8, p. 326Godin, G., Bélanger-Gravel, A., Amireault, S., Gallani, M.C., Vohl, M.C., Pérusse, L., Effect of implementation intentions to change behaviour: Moderation by intention stability (2010) Psychol Rep., 106 (1), pp. 147-159Sniehotta, F.F., Schwarzer, R., Scholz, U., Schüz, B., Action planning and coping planning for long-term lifestyle change: Theory and assessment (2005) Eur J Soc Psychol., 35 (4), pp. 565-576Gollwitzer, P.M., Sheeran, P., Trötschel, R., Webb, T.L., Self-regulation of priming effects on behavior (2011) Psychol Sci., 22 (7), pp. 901-907Spana, T.M., Rodrigues, R.C.M., Lourenço, L.B.A., Mendez, R.D.R., Gallani, M.C.B.J., Integrative review: Behavioral interventions for physical activity practice (2009) Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem., 17 (6), pp. 1057-1064Sniehotta, F.F., Scholz, U., Schwarzer, R., Action plans and coping plans for physical exercise: A longitudinal intervention study in cardiac rehabilitation (2006) Brit J Soc Psychol., 11, pp. 23-37Amireault, S., Godin, G., Vohl, M.C., Pérusse, L., Moderators of the intention-behaviour and perceived behavioural control-behaviour relationships for leisure-time physical activity (2008) Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act., 5, p. 7McMillan, B., Conner, M., Green, J., Dyson, L., Renfrew, M., Woolridge, M., Using an extended theory of planned behaviour to inform interventions aimed at increasing breastfeeding uptake in primiparas experiencing material deprivation (2009) Brit J Health Psychol., 14 (2), pp. 379-403Adriaanse, M.A., Gollwitzer, P.M., De Ridder, D.T., de Wit, J.B., Kroese, F.M., Breaking habits with implementation intentions: A test of underlying processes (2011) Pers Soc Psychol Bull., 37 (4), pp. 502-513Luszczynska, A., Tryburcy, M., Schwarzer, R., Improving fruit and vegetable consumption: A self-efficacy intervention compared with a combined self-efficacy and planning intervention (2007) Health Educ Res., 22 (5), pp. 630-638Milne, S., Orbell, S., Sheeran, P., Combining motivational and volitional interventions to promote exercise participation: Protection motivation theory and implementation intentions (2002) Brit J Soc Psychol., 7, pp. 163-184Conner, M., Higgins, A.R., Long-term effects of implementation intentions on prevention of smoking uptake among adolescents: A cluster randomized controlled trial (2010) Health Psychol., 29 (5), pp. 529-538Rothman, A.J., Sheeran, P., Wood, W., Reflective and automatic processes in the initiation and maintenance of dietary change (2009) Ann Behav Med., 38 (1), pp. S4-S17Thoolen, B.J., De Ridder, D., Bensing, J., Gorter, K., Rutten, G., Beyond good intentions: The development and evaluation of a proactive self-management course for patients recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (2008) Health Educ Res., 23 (1), pp. 53-61Mendez, R.D.R., Rodrigues, R.C.M., Cornélio, M.E., Gallani, M.C.B.J., Godin, G., Development of an instrument to measure psychosocial determinants of physical activity behavior among coronary heart disease patients (2010) Rev Esc Enferm USP., 44 (3), pp. 583-594Florindo, A.A., Latorre, M.R.D.O., Jaime, P.C., Tanaka, T., Zerbini, C.A.F., Methodology to evaluation the habitual physical activity in men aged 50 years or more (2004) Rev Saúde Pública., 38 (2), pp. 307-314Fritz, C.O., Morris, P.E., Richler, J.J., Effect size estimates: Current use, calculations, and interpretation (2012) J Exp Psychol Gen., 141 (1), pp. 2-18Godin, G., Sheeran, P., Conner, M., Delage, G., Germain, M., Bélanger-Gravel, A., Naccache, H., Which survey questions change behavior? Randomized controlled trial of mere measurement interventions (2010) Health Psychol., 29 (6), pp. 636-644De Vet, E., Oenema, A., Sheeran, P., Brug, J., Should implementation intentions interventions be implemented in obesity prevention: The impact of if-then plans on daily physical activity in Dutch adults (2009) Int J Behav Nutr Phys Activity., 6, p. 11Sniehotta, F.F., Scholz, U., Schwarzer, R., Bridging the intention-behavior gap: Planning, self-efficacy, and action control in the adoption and maintenance of physical exercise (2005) Psychol Health., 20 (2), pp. 143-160Lourenço, L.B.A., Rodrigues, R.C.M., Spana, T.M., Cornélio, M.E., Gallani, M.C.B.J., Action and coping plans related to the behavior of adherence to drug therapy among coronary heart disease outpatients (2012) Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem., , In pres
Analysis Of Action Plans And Coping Plans For Reducing Salt Consumption Among Women With Hypertension [análise Dos Planos De Ação E Planos De Enfrentamento De Obstáculos Para A Redução Do Consumo De Sal Entre Mulheres Com Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica]
No full textThis cross-sectional study, based in implementation intention theory, describes action plans developed by women with hypertension (n=49) to add no more than 4g of salt per day to food and to reduce consumption of salty foods, as well as describing the barriers perceived and the coping strategies adopted for putting the action plans into practice. The plans were categorized according to similarities and were submitted to frequency analysis. The majority of the action and coping plans had to do with the effectuation of the behavior involving adding up to 4g of salt per day per person to food. The action strategies were aimed at quantifying the salt added, and the main obstacles were related to the reduced palatability of the food made with less salt. The coping plans have to do with preparing foods separately and to using natural seasonings instead of salt. This data can help the nurse to design activities for clinical education, with a view to reducing salt consumption among patients who prepare their own food.203486494He, F.J., Macgregor, G.A., Reducing Population Salt Intake Worldwide: From Evidence to Implementation (2010) Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 52, pp. 363-382Altun, B., Arici, M., Salt and Blood Pressure: Time to Challenge (2006) Cardiology, 105, pp. 9-16Cappuccio, F.P., Kerry, S.M., Micah, F.B., Plange-Rhule, J., Eastwood, J.B., Community programme to reduce salt intake and blood pressure in Ghana (2006) BMC Public Health, 6 (13), pp. 1-11Elliott, P., Walker, L.L., Little, M.P., Blair-West, J.R., Shade, R.E., Lee, R., Change in Salt Intake Affects Blood Pressure of Chimpanzees: Implications for Human Populations (2007) Circulation, 116, pp. 1563-1568VI Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertensão (2010) Arq Bras Cardiol, 95 (1 SUPPL.), pp. 1-51. , Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, Sociedade Brasileira de Hipertensão, Sociedade Brasileira de NefrologiaFerreira-Sae, M.C.S., Gallani, M.C.J.B., Nadruz, J.W., Rodrigues, R.C.M., Franchini, K.G., Cabral, P.C., Reliability and validity of a semi-quantitative FFQ for sodium intake in low-income and low-literacy Brazilian hypertensive subjects (2009) Pub Health Nutr, 28, pp. 168-173Cornélio, M.E., Gallani, M.C.B.J., Godin, G., Rodrigues, R.C.M., Mendez, R.D.R., Junior, N.W., Development and reliability of an instrument to measure psychosocial determinants of salt consumption among hypertensive patients (2009) Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem, 17 (5), pp. 701-707Ajzen, I., The theory of Planned behavior. Organizational behavior and human Decision processes (1991) Psychol Rev, 50, pp. 179-211Fishbein, M., Ajzen, I., (1980) Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior, , Englewood Cliffs: Prentice HallAjzen, I., The theory of planned behaviour: Reactions and reflections (2011) Psychol Health, 26 (9), pp. 1113-1127Orbell, S., Sheeran, P., Inclined abstainers: A problem for predicting health-related behavior (1998) Br J Soc Psychol, 37, pp. 151-165Gollwitzer, P.M., Implementation Intentions: Strong Effects of Simple Plans (1999) Am Phychol, 54 (7), pp. 493-503Sniehotta, F.F., Nagy, G., Scholz, U., Schwarzer, R., Action control during the first weeks of health behavior change: A longitudinal study with CHD patients (2004) Br J Soc Psychol, 45, pp. 87-106Sniehotta, F.F., Schwarzer, R., Scholz, R.S.U., Schuz, B., Action planning and coping planning for long-term lifestyle change: Theory and assessment (2005) Eur J Soc Psychol, 35, pp. 565-576Agondi, R.F., (2011) Efeito Das Estratégias De Planejamento Da Ação E Enfrentamento De Obstáculos Sobre a Redução Do Consumo De Sal Entre Mulheres Hipertensas - Um Estudo Piloto, , [Dissertação de Mestrado]. Campinas (SP): Universidade Estadual de Campinas(2004) The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee On Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure, , http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/hypertension, US Department of Health and Human Services, NIH Publication, [acesso 14 mar 2009]. Disponível emGodin, G., Gagné, C., Les théories sociales cognitives: Guide pour la mesure des variables et le développement de questionnaire (1999) Groupe De Recherche Sur Les Aspects Psychosociaux De La Santé, , http://www.godin.fsi.ulaval.ca/Fichiers/Rapp/Guide_mesure_variables.pdf, École des sciences infirmières, Université Laval, [acesso 22 abr 2011]. Disponível emGodin, G., Kok, G., The theory of planned behavior: A review of its application to health-related behaviors (1996) Am J Health Promotion, 11 (2), pp. 87-98Verplanken, B., Myrbakk, V., Rudi, E., The measurement of habit (2005) The Routines of Decision Making, pp. 231-247. , Betsch T, Haberstroh S, Mahwah: Lawrence ErlbaumLennie, T.A., Worrall-Carter, L., Hammash, M., Odom-Forren, J., Roser, L.P., Smith, C.S., Relationship of Heart Failure Patients' Knowledge, Perceived Barriers, and Attitudes Regarding Low-Sodium Diet Recommendations to Adherence (2008) Prog Cardiovasc Nurs, 23 (1), pp. 6-11Brito-Ashurst, I., Perry, L., Sanders, T.A.B., Thomas, J.E., Yaqoob, M.M., Dobbie, H., Barriers and facilitators of dietary sodium restriction amongst Bangladeshi chronic kidney disease patients (2011) J Hum Nutr Diet, 24, pp. 86-95Sheahan, S.L., Fields, B., Sodium dietary restriction, knowledge, beliefs, and decision-making behavior of older females (2008) J Am Acad Nurse Pract, 20, pp. 217-22
Reliability And Practical Aspects Of The Disease Impact Measure On Hypertensive Patients [confiabilidade E Aspectos Práticos Da Medida De Impacto Da Doença Em Pacientes Hipertensos]
No full textObjective: To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, the ceiling and floor effects and the reliability of the Instrument to Measure the Impact of Coronary Disease on Patient's Daily Life (IDCV) when applied to hypertensive patients. Method: One hundred and thirty seven hypertensive outpatients were interviewed, using questionnaires to collect sociodemographic and clinical data, followed by the IDCV. Reliability was assessed according to the temporal stability and internal consistency criteria. Results: The IDCV was applied in 8.0 (±3.0) minutes with 100% of the items answered. A ceiling effect of 31.4% was observed in the domain Adjustment to the Disease. The stability measure was observed for the total score and for all domains. There was evidence of internal consistency of the total IDCV (α=0.83) and the domains Physical Impact of the Disease - Symptoms (α=0.78) and Social and Emotional Impact of the Disease (α=0.74). Conclusion: The IDCV is an instrument of easy use and its reliability among hypertensive patients is evidenced. The domain Adjustment to the Disease, however, should be reviewed in further studies. © 2013 Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem.21612581265Chobanian, A.V., Improved hypertension Control: Cause for some celebration (2010) JAMA., 303 (20), pp. 2082-2083Costa, J.V., Silva, A.R.V., Moura, I.H., Carvalho, R.B.N., Bernardes, L.E., Almeida, P.C., An analysis of risk factors for arterial hypertension in adolescent students (2012) Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem, 20 (2), pp. 289-295. , mar-abrVI Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertensão Arterial (2010) Rev Bras Hipertens., 17 (1), pp. 7-10. , Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia(2011) Datasus. Morbidade Hospitalar do SUS por local de internação [Internet], , http://tabnet.datasus.gov.br/cgi/tabnet.exe?idb2011/g02.def, Ministério da Saúde (BR)., Ministério da Saúde, [acesso 10 jun 2013]. Disponível emPilger, C., Menon, M.H., Mathias, T.A.F., Socio-demographic and health characteristics of elderly individuals: Support for health services (2011) Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem, 19 (5), pp. 1230-1238. , set-outPalhares, L.C., Gallani, M.C., Gemignani, T., Matos-Souza, J.R., Ubaid-Girioli, S., Moreno Jr., H., Quality of life, dyspnea and ventricular function in patients with hypertension (2010) J Adv Nurs., 66 (10), pp. 2287-2296Wang, R., Zhao, Y., Heb, X., Maa, X., Yana, X., Sun, Y., Impact of hypertension on health-related quality of life in a population-based study in Shanghai (2009) China Public Health., 123, pp. 534-539Zygmuntowicz, M., Owczarek, A., Elibol, A., Chudek, J., Comorbidities and the quality of life in hypertensive patients (2012) Pol Arch Med Wewn., 122 (7-8), pp. 333-340Roca-Cusachs, A., Ametla, J., Calero, S., Comas, O., Fernández, M., Lospaus, R., Calidad de vida en la hipertensión arterial (1992) Med Clin., 98, pp. 486-490Badia, X., Roca-Cusachs, A., Dalfó, A., Gascón, G., Abellán, J., Lahoz, R., Validation of the short form of the Spanish hypertension Quality of Life Questionnaire (MINICHAL) (2002) Clin Ther., 24 (12), pp. 2137-2154Tavares, D.M.S., Martins, N.P.F., Dias, F.A., Diniz, M.A., Qualidade de Vida em Idosos com e sem hipertensão arterial (2011) Rev Eletr Enferm. [Internet], 13 (2). , http://www.fen.ufg.br/revista/v13/n2/v13n2a07.htm, [acesso 15 ago 2011], Disponível emMuszalik, M., Dijkstra, A., Kedziora-Kornatowska, K., Zielisnka-Wieczkowska, H., Kornatowski, T., Independence of elderly patients with arterial hypertension in fulfilling their needs, in the aspect functional assessment and quality of life (QoL) (2011) Arch Gerontol Geriatrics., 52, pp. 204-209Padilha, K.M., Gallani, M.G.B.J., Colombo, R.C.R., Validity of an instrument to measure the impact of valve heart disease on the patient's daily life (2007) J Clin Nurs., 16 (7), pp. 1285-1291Padilha, K.M., Gallani, M.C.B.J., Colombo, R.C.R., Development of an instrument to measure beliefs and attitudes from heart valve disease patients (2004) Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem, 2, pp. 453-459Santos, R.A.B., Rodrigues, R.C.M., Padilha, K.M., Rodrigues, S.L.L., Spana, T.M., Gallani, M.C.B.J., Validation of an instrument to measure the impact of coronary disease on patient's daily life (2012) J Clin Nurs., 21 (3-4), pp. 485-494Mokkink, L.B., Terwee, C.B., Patrick, D.L., Alonso, J., Stratford, P.W., Knol, D.L., The COSMIN study reached international consensus on taxonomy, terminology, and definitions of measurement properties for health-related patient-reported outcomes (2010) J Clin Epidemiol., 63 (7), pp. 737-745Bennett, S.J., Oldridge, N.B., Eckert, G.J., Embree, J., Browning, S., Hou, N., Discriminant properties of commonly used quality of life measures in heart failure (2002) Qual Life Res., 11 (4), pp. 349-359McHorney, C.A., Ware, J.E., Lu, J.F.R., Sherbourne, C.D., The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36): Tests of data quality, scaling assumptions and reliability across diverse patient groups (1994) Med Care., 32, pp. 40-66Nunnally, J.C., (1978) Psychometric Theory, p. 701. , New York: McGraw-HillFayers, P.M., McHin, D., (2007) Quality of life: Assessment, analysis and interpretation, p. 544. , England: John WileyEurich, D.T., Johnson, J.A., Reid, K.J., Spertus, J.A., Assessing responsiveness of generic and specific health related quality of life measures in heart failure (2006) Health Qual Life Outcomes., 24 (4), p. 89Fries, J., Rose, M., Krishnan, E., The PROMIS of better outcome assessment: Responsiveness, floor and ceiling effects, and Internet administration (2011) J Rheumatol., 38 (8), pp. 1759-176
Removal of plant pathogenic bacteria during agricultural managed aquifer recharge to produce irrigation water and protect plant health
No full textFresh water is an essential resource for life. Yet, overexploitation of water resources, rainfall shortages, and a decrease in water quality by pollution increase water scarcity worldwide. Since agricultural production consumes about 70% of the available fresh water resources, it is particularly vulnerable for water scarcity. Therefore, this research investigated agricultural aquifer storage, transfer and recovery (ASTR) as nature-based solution to store fresh water in the subsurface from where it can be reused for irrigation. The source water used for infiltration may carry plant pathogens that have to be removed during the storage. Otherwise, the recovered water poses a threat to crop production if pathogens are still present in the irrigation water. Consequently, an understanding of pathogen die-off and removal under relevant conditions found in aquifers is required to predict changes in water quality and protect plant health. In my research, I focussed on the removal of three plant pathogenic bacteria during ASTR: Ralstonia solanacearum and the Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae, Dickeya solani and Pectobacterium carotovorum. They affect a broad variety of crops with hosts ranging from potato to flower bulbs, both being important cash crops worldwide and particularly in the Netherlands.An ASTR pilot site located in North Holland was investigated where tile drainage water (TDW) is collected from a 10 ha agricultural field and infiltrated into a sandy, anoxic, and originally brackish aquifer. The TDW can mix with surface water where the selected pathogens are regularly detected. ASTR uses separated wells for infiltration and abstraction of the recharged water. This creates a soil passage and forces the water to flow through the porous medium (sand layers) of the aquifer. Water microcosms and column experiments were used to simulate the aquifer processes in the laboratory and analysed pathogen removal during ASTR. The results showed that the die-off in the water phase depends on the residence time and ranged between 1.3 to 2.7 log10 after 10 or 60 days for R. solanacearum, respectively. A subpopulation of the bacteria persisted for a prolonged time at low concentrations which may pose a risk if the water is recovered too early. However, the soil passage within the aquifer proved to be highly effective in removing the bacteria by attachment (18 log10 after 1 m). Together with results of dose-response experiments where I studied the effect of contaminated irrigation water on potato plants, all results were ultimately combined in a quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA). QMRA is a useful (water) management tool to evaluate the treatment steps of water reclamation technologies and support decision-making processes. As a result of this PhD work, ASTR can be considered a natural treatment system to remove bacterial plant pathogens and provide safe irrigation water
AiRO: Direct Reverse Osmosis On Surface Water
No full textSurface water is microbiological unsafe, contains too much salts and is polluted with anthropogenic substances like pesticides, medicines, endocrine disruptors and industrial chemicals. The production of safe drinking water out of this water is only possible by applying a robust treatment. A process that can remove virtually all unwanted substances from the water in one step is reverse osmosis (RO). The main bottleneck in the wider application of RO with spiral wound membranes is the membrane fouling. This occurs on the feed spacer of the spiral wound membranes and at the membrane surface. This fouling occurs with particles, salts and/or microorganisms and results in a raise in pressure drop and reduction in permeate quality. An innovative idea to deal with above mentioned drawbacks is a membrane process in which spiral wounded NF/RO membrane elements are cleaned hydraulic (mechanically). The membrane is placed vertical and the membrane fouling is controlled by means of a periodic air/water flush, AiRO called (combination of the words air and RO). This AiRO process line needs hardly any pretreatment, is free of antiscalant dosage, uses less chemicals than traditional NF/RO and the concentrate is easy to dispose to surface water. The semi practical AiRO research described in this thesis is carried out with an automated pilot plant that was equipped with 2 8” RO membranes. The pilot was placed at the banks of the Hollandse IJssel river in Montfoort. The pre treatment was a drum filter. The pilot was started up in December 2010 and operated non stop for one and a half year. The research has shown that AiRO is a reliable robust barrier in a surface water purification process line. There is no effect on the operation of the process if the turbidity of the feed water varies between 4 and 75 FTU and if the oxygen content in the feed water varies (indication for microbiology). The process appeared to be economic interesting and withstood the practical durability test. Pre treatment of the feed water of the AiRO with a 120 µm micro strainer is sufficient. The commonly in Netherland applied 35 µm micro strainer is advised because it will give advantages for the AiRO process (less wear in pumps and energy recovery) and will promote the surge for a solution for the concentrate. Commercial available NF/RO elements are applicable in AiRO and the membrane stack is composed with pressure vessels with 2 8” elements in series. The investment costs of a complete drinking water treatment with the AiRO process are 20 to 33% lower than a treatment based on UF and RO. The application of 16” pressure vessels containing 2 16” elements in series may result in even lower investment costs. A flush was executed with the maximum allowed feed pressure (specs. Membrane manufacturer), the flush water velocity was 0,2 m/s in the membrane feed spacer, and with an air velocity of 0.24 Nm/s. Energy recovery from concentrate (Fedco) is essential to obtain energy efficiency. The flush program that resulted in a stable operation of the process consists of the steps. The flush interval is 4 hours and pressure drop NPD is the parameter for fine tuning of the interval duration. A flush should start if the NPD doesn’t rise linear anymore. A CIP has to take place, if the NPD before a flush rises above 50 kPa. The applied chemicals have to be balanced on the feed water composition. Manganese oxides by example are hardly washed out by a flush, they have to be removed during a CIP with citric or ascorbic acid. The design recovery is 35% and operation of AiRO at this low recovery results in a large concentrate stream, which is free of antiscalant and with a low content of salts. This flow is expected to be allowed to discharge to surface water. The flush water can be discharged to surface water, after sedimentation of the solids in it. The produced sludge is free of chemical additions. This will improve the useful application of the sludge. The used CIP fluid has to be discharged to the sewer after neutralisation of the pH.Sanitary EngineeringWater ManagementCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Key-factors for successful Product Generation Process implementation: A contract manufacturer perspective
No full textVDL-ETG is a contract-manufacturing firm active in among others the high-tech mechatronics market. Due to developments at VDL-ETG and the market in which they are active, VDL-ETG decided that they needed a more structured product development process. Therefore VDL-ETG has designed a tailor-made product development process which they call the Product Generation Process (PGP). This thesis focusses on the best practices for implementing such a process, the research was done in collaboration with VDL-ETG. There are numerous views on what such a product development process should look like and which ones are most successful. Less attention is given to the fact that to a large part the success of a product development process is dependent on the correct implementation of a process that fits the specific company. As such this research focusses on the aspects which are important for the successful implementation of a product development process and specifically PGP at VDL-ETG. The approach taken to reach this goal consists of three parts on which this research focusses: 1. The first source of information is scarce literature that has been written on practical experience with the implementation of a product development process and which challenges were encountered. 2. Secondly literature on change processes is considered since implementing a product development process means bringing more structure for employees. This can be approached as a type of a change process and literature on this subject can be valuable in improving the success of implementation. 3. Thirdly interviews with employees of VDL-ETG have been conducted as to contribute a practice oriented view to the research. Also information gathered from the interviews can be used to tailor the recommendations to VDL-ETG. As a result of this research a list was compiled the of most important aspects to look into when considering to implement a product development process, the aspects are separated into three categories. The first category is about the planning phase before implementing the process, the second phase is about aspects important when introducing a product development process and the last phase is about what is important during the use of the process when pursuing successful implementation. Preparation 1) Motivation and agreement on the need for a product development process and what it should look like 2) Stakeholder identification; who are involved and what are their responsibilities 3) Commitment and involvement from the senior-management throughout the process 4) Commit resources to the development and introduction of the new product development process 5) Make use of the experience from other companies about what the process should look like but make sure to adapt to the specific needs of the company Introduction 6) A clear and properly communicated vision where everyone knows his or her role 7) Initiators are needed for using the process to get the newly introduced process going. Thus buy-in from key-employees 8) Make use of multi-disciplinary teams and promote concurrent activities 9) Provide as much help as possible while introducing the process 10) Deal with complications during implementation concurrently, before they become complex 11) Be aware that it is a change process; the process needs to be sold to the employees 12) Manage expectations; it takes time to see the positive effects of a product development process 13) Be aware that the structure of a product development process can be intimidating for companies used to a flexible way of working During use 14) Be flexible with the design of the process, experience in the organization can help improve the process 15) Eventually make sure that improvements are applied continuously and that the process keeps evolving according to the needs of the company For VDL-ETG specifically it was concluded that this list is too extensive and does not fit with the company. The list of aspects and the literature on the subject in general is largely focussed towards the centralization of organizations. This is not how VDL-ETG works and it is not something that they strive for, they are more of a market-oriented and externally focussed organization, therefore a sub-selection has been made of the most important aspects for VDL-ETG and to what extent they should be applied. For VDL-ETG aspects 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 11, 13 and 15 were found to be most important. The most important points of attention for VDL-ETG are as follows. - On the subject of everyone within the company knowing their role and responsibility it was concluded that although it is important, specifically naming everyone’s roles and responsibilities is not attainable, the good enough alternative would be to at least divide the tasks to the different departments. - Active involvement by the management, communicating that they find using the process important and show genuine interest in PGP, among others by planning regular meetings to discuss PGP progress of projects. - Alignment on what actually is the vision for which VDL-ETG is implementing PGP in order to prevent confusion. - Find the right people to start using the process and iron out the large hurdles of using PGP. - Keep an eye on the future as not to lose track on successful use of PGP once properly implemented.Engineering & Policy AnalysisSystems EngineeringTechnology, Policy and Managemen
The Pain Disability Questionnaire: A Reliability And Validity Study [the Pain Disability Questionnaire: Um Estudo De Confiabilidade E Validade]
No full textThe goal of this study was to translate and adapt The Pain Disability Questionnaire (PDQ) to Brazilian Portuguese, as well as to assess its psychometric properties and practicability. The following methodological steps were followed: translation, synthesis, back-translation, expert committee assessment and pre-test. The psychometric properties were assessed through the application of a questionnaire to 119 patients with chronic musculoskeletal disorders. The results indicated the reliability of the instrument, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.86, and high stability in the test-retest. A moderate correlation was found between the PDQ scores and the numerical pain scale. Negative correlations were found between the Spitzer Quality of Life Index and the functional condition, psychosocial component and total PDQ score. Construct validity demonstrated significant difference in PDQ scores between symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. The PDQ revealed fast application and easy understanding. The results indicated a successful cultural adaptation and reliable psychometric properties.2017683Bergman, S., Public health perspective- how to improve the musculoskeletal health of the opulation (2007) Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol, 1 (21), pp. 191-207Andersen, C.H., Haahr, J.P., Frost, P., Risk factors for more severe regional musculoskeletal ymptoms: A two-year prospective study of a general working population (2007) Arthritis Rheum, 56 (4), pp. 1255-1364Ricci, J.A., Stewart, W.F., Chee, E., Leotta, C., Foley, K., Hochberg, M.C., Back pain exacerbations and lost productive time costs in United States workers (2006) Spine, 31 (26), pp. 3052-3060Anagnostis, C., Gatchel, R.J., Mayer, T.G., The pain disability questionnaire: A new psychometrically sound measure for chronic musculoskeletal disorders (2004) Spine, 29 (20), pp. 2290-2302Alexandre, N.M.C., Guirardello, E.B., Adaptación cultural de instrumentos utilizados em salud ocupacional (2002) Rev Panam Salud Publica, 11 (2), pp. 109-111Beaton, D., Bombardier, C., Guillemin, F., Ferraz, M.B., Recommendations for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures (2000) Spine, 25 (24), pp. 3186-3191Alexandre, N.M.C., Coluci, M.Z.O., Validade de conteúdo nos processos de construção e adaptação de instrumentos de medida (2011) Cienc Saúde Coletiva, 16 (7), pp. 12-22Nordin, M., Alexandre, N.M.C., Campelo, M., Measures for low back pain: A proposal for clinical use (2003) Rev. Latino- Am. Enfermagem, 11 (2), pp. 152-155Gallasch, C.H., Alexandre, N.M.C., The measurement of musculoskeletal pain intensity: A comparison of four methods (2007) Rev Gaucha Enferm, 28 (2), pp. 260-265Toledo, R.M.R., Alexandre, N.M.C., Rodrigues, R.C.M., Psychometric evaluation of a Brasilian Portuguese version of the Spitzer Quality of Life Index in patients with low back pain (2008) Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem, 16 (6), pp. 943-950Gatchel, R.J., Mayer, T.G., Theodore, B.R., The pain disability questionnaire: Relationship to one-year functional and psychosocial rehabilitation outcomes (2006) J Occup Rehabil, 1 (16), pp. 75-94Coluci, M.Z.O., Alexandre, N.M.C., Development of a questionnaire to evaluate the usability of assessment instruments (2009) Rev Enferm UERJ, 17 (3), pp. 378-382Devon, H.A., Block, M.E., Moyle-Wright, P., Ernst, D.M., Hayden, S.J., Lazzara, D.J., A psychometric toolbox for testing validity and reliability (2007) J Nurs Scholarsch, 39 (2), pp. 155-164Terwee, C.B., Bot, S.D.M., Boer, M.R., van der Windt, D.A.W.M., Knol, D.L., Dekker, J., Quality criteria were proposed for measurement properties of health status questionnaires (2007) J Clin Epidemiol, 60 (1), pp. 34-42Ajzen, I., Fishbein, M., (1998) Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior, , New Jersey: Prentice-HallCarleton, R.N., Abrams, M.P., Kachur, S.S., Asmundson, G.S.G., A comparison of anatomical pain sites from a tertiary care sample: Evidence of disconnect between functional and perceived disability specific to lower back pain (2010) Eur J Pain, 14, pp. 410-417Wijnhoven, H.A.H., de Vet, H.C.W., Picavet, H.S.J., Sex differences in consequences of musculoskeletal pain (2007) Spine, 32 (12), pp. 1360-1367Dionne, C., von Korff, M., Koepsell, T.D., Deyo, R., Barlow, W., Checkpway, H., Formal education and back pain: A review (2001) J Epidemiol Communty Health, 55, pp. 455-468Kovacs, F.M., Abraira, V., Zamora, J., del Teresa, G.R.M., Llobera, J., Fernández, C., Correlation between pain, disability, and quality of life in patients with common low back pain (2004) Spine, 29 (2), pp. 206-210Geisser, E.M., Robinson, M.E., Miller, Q.L., Geertzen, J.H.B., Dijkstra, P.U., Psychosocial factors and functional capacity evaluation among persons with chronic pain (2003) J Occup Rehabil, 4 (13), pp. 259-276Grönblad, M., Hupli, M., Wennerstran, P., Järvinen, E., Lukinmaa, A., Kouri, J.P., Intercorrelation and test-retest reability of the Pain Disability Index (PDI) and the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODQ) and their correlation with Pain Intensity in low back pain patients (1993) Clin J Pain, 9, pp. 189-195Roux, C.H., Guillemin, F., Boini, S., Longuetaud, F., Arnault, N., Hercberg, S., Impact of musculoskeletal disorders on quality of life: An inception cohort study (2005) Ann Rheum Dis, 64. , 606-601Picavet, H.S.J., Hoeymans, N., Health related quality of life in multiple musculoskeletal diseases: SF-36 and EQ- 5D in the DMC3 study (2004) Ann Rheum Dis, 63, pp. 723-729Yilmaz, F., Sahin, F., Ergoz, E., Deniz, E., Ercalik, C., Yucel, S.D., Kuran, B., Quality of life assessments with SF 36 in different musculoskeletal diseases (2008) Clin Rheumatol, 27, pp. 327-33
- …
