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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Crescimento pró-pobre: uma análise dos gastos com transferências de renda e educação na redução da pobreza no Brasil durante o período de 2004 a 2014
No full textThe relationships between economic growth, public spending and poverty are the targets of several studies, and their results highlight that GDP improvement is seen as the best way to reduce poverty. Based on this principle, this study aims to analyze whether there was pro-poor growth in the Brazilian states and the impact of public expenditures on income transfers and education on poverty reduction during the period from 2004 to 2014. Focus of the policies of income transfer and economic growth in the country. Considering the need to reach the proposed objective, a study of the subject was carried out to measure the relationship between economic growth and public spending with the reduction of poverty. In order to estimate the relationships between variables, the growth-poverty, poverty-inequality, and poverty-related elasticities of poverty in Brazil as a whole and in their states were calculated using a dynamic model by panel data. In view of the results obtained, it can be seen that in the country there is great divergence in the variation of poverty among the states. In addition, it is noted that the impact of spending on income transfers and education positively reflects the fall in poverty.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)As relações existentes entre crescimento econômico, gastos públicos e pobreza são alvos de diversos estudos, sendo que seus resultados destacam que a melhoria do PIB é vista como o melhor caminho para reduzir a pobreza. Partindo deste princípio, este estudo tem como objetivo analisar se houve crescimento pró-pobre nos estados brasileiros e os impactos dos gastos públicos com transferências de renda e com educação na redução da pobreza durante o período de 2004 a 2014 – momento em que houve aumento do foco das políticas de transferência de renda e crescimento econômico no país. Tendo em vista a necessidade de alcançar o objetivo proposto, fez-se um levantamento de estudos sobre o tema para mensurar a relação entre crescimento econômico e gastos públicos com a redução da pobreza. Para estimar as relações entre as variáveis, foram calculadas, por meio de um modelo dinâmico por dados em painéis, as elasticidades crescimento-pobreza, desigualdade-pobreza e as elasticidades dos gastos mencionados em relação à pobreza no Brasil como um todo e nos seus estados. Diante dos resultados obtidos, percebe-se que no país há grande divergência na variação da pobreza entre os estados. Além disso, nota-se que os impactos dos gastos com transferências de renda e com educação refletem positivamente na queda da pobreza
An analysis over credit and central bank controls in Brazil bctwcen 2007 and20 15
No full textIn considering the evolution of credit and rising inflationary pressure observed in Brazil between 2007 and 2015 this research investigates how the Central Bank of Brazil, given its goal of inflation targeting, acted in providing reserves to support the observed credit growth in recent years. The econometric method used for analysis consisted of applying Granger causality tests using data from the Central Bank of Brazil. We conclude that the amount of money were defined by demand and had no impact on the determination of the nominal product. The central bank, in turn, provided the necessary reserves in accordance to the volume of deposits. Together, these results provide support to the notion of endogenous money supply in the period.Não recebi financiamentoConsiderando a evolução do crédito e crescente pressão inflacionária observados no Brasil entre 2007 e 2015 esta pesquisa investiga como o Banco Central do Brasil, dada sua missão de controlar a inflação, atuou na provisão de reservas para suportar o crescimento do crédito observado no período recente. O método econométrico empregado para análise foi composto por aplicação de testes de causalidade de Granger utilizando dados do Banco Central do Brasil. Resulta da pesquisa que a quantidade de moeda foi definida pelas necessidades da demanda e não teve implicações na determinação do produto nominal. O banco central, por sua vez, forneceu as reservas necessárias conforme o volume de depósitos. Em conjunto, estes resultados corroboram a noção de oferta monetária endógena no período
Análise do impacto da previdência rural sobre as áreas rurais do Brasil
No full textThe main objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of rural pensions on the reduction of poverty in rural areas of Brazil in the period from 2004 to 2015. Currently, more than 70% of total benefits issued by the Social Security Rural are pensions worth 1 minimum wage. This benefit corresponds to the pension received by the special insured persons, whose access to the benefit is granted by proving the exercise of rural activity. Special insured persons are rural workers who carry out their activities under the family economy regime. In order to carry out the present study, the influence of income growth and inequality reduction on poverty reduction was verified. After this initial analysis, the per capita household income (RDPC) of the rural households analyzed was broken down into 8 income sources. Then, the role of each source of income in income growth and in reducing inequality was verified, with a priority focus on the source of income related to special insured pensions. The analyzes were conducted for two groups: rural households in general and households with at least one special insured beneficiary of retirement. The results indicated that income growth had a decisive impact on the poverty reduction of the two groups analyzed. For rural households in general, at least 79.3% of poverty reduction was driven by the growth of the RDPC. Similar situation was observed for the group containing only households with at least one special insured beneficiary of retirement, where it was verified that the contribution of the growth of the RDPC was at least 73.7%. Decomposition and analysis of the RDPC revealed that for rural households as a whole, special insured pensions accounted for approximately 29% of RDPC growth in the period under analysis. For households with special insured beneficiaries of pensions, this source of income accounted for an even greater percentage of this growth, around 65%. The analysis of the impact of income sources on the reduction of inequality revealed a small contribution of the benefit of the special insured to the reduction of inequality in the rural households as a whole, so that around 4% of the reduction in the observed Gini index is associated with this portion of income. For households with special insured persons benefiting from pensions, the participation of the social security benefit in the reduction of the Gini index was substantially higher, approximately 54%. Thus, the presented results show that there is evidence of the performance of the social security benefit received by the special insured on the poverty reduction of the two analyzed groups.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)O objetivo central deste trabalho é avaliar o impacto que as aposentadorias rurais no valor de 1 salário mínimo exerceram sobre a redução da pobreza nas regiões rurais do Brasil no período de 2004 a 2015. Atualmente, mais de 70% do total de benefícios emitidos pela Previdência Rural são aposentadorias no valor de 1 salário mínimo. Esse benefício corresponde à aposentadoria recebida pelos segurados especiais, cujo acesso ao benefício é concedido mediante comprovação do exercício de atividade rural. Os segurados especiais são trabalhadores rurais que exercem suas atividades em regime de economia familiar. Para a realização do presente estudo verificou-se a influência que o crescimento da renda e a redução de desigualdade tiveram sobre a redução da pobreza. Após essa análise inicial, a renda domiciliar per capita (RDPC) dos domicílios rurais analisados foi decomposta em 8 fontes de rendimento. Na sequência, apurou-se o papel de cada fonte de rendimento no crescimento da renda e na redução da desigualdade verificada, com foco prioritário na fonte de rendimento referente às aposentadorias dos segurados especiais. As análises foram conduzidas para dois grupos: domicílios rurais em geral e domicílios com pelo menos um segurado especial beneficiário de aposentadoria. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que o crescimento de renda impactou decisivamente na redução da pobreza dos dois grupos analisados. Para os domicílios rurais em geral, no mínimo 79,3% da redução da pobreza foi provocada pelo crescimento da RDPC. Situação semelhante foi verificada para o grupo contendo apenas domicílios com pelo menos um segurado especial beneficiário de aposentadoria, onde verificou-se que a contribuição do crescimento da RDPC foi de no mínimo 73,7%. A decomposição e análise da RDPC revelaram que para os domicílios rurais como um todo, as aposentadorias dos segurados especiais foram responsáveis por, aproximadamente, 29% do crescimento da RDPC no período analisado. Já para os domicílios contendo segurados especiais beneficiários de aposentadorias, essa fonte de rendimento foi responsável por um percentual ainda maior desse crescimento, em torno de 65%. Já a análise do impacto das fontes de rendimento sobre a redução da desigualdade revelou uma pequena contribuição do benefício dos segurados especiais para a redução da desigualdade nos domicílios rurais como um todo, de modo que por volta de 4% da redução no índice de Gini observada está associada a essa parcela de rendimento. Para os domicílios contendo segurados especiais beneficiários de aposentadorias, a participação do benefício previdenciário na redução do índice de Gini observada foi substancialmente maior, aproximadamente 54%. Assim, com base nos resultados encontrados, pode-se concluir que existem evidências da atuação do benefício previdenciário recebido pelos segurados especiais na redução da pobreza dos dois grupos analisados
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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