1,720,973 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pseudomonas aeruginosa en la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica; papel de los patrones de resistencia e impacto en las agudizaciones graves.
Get PDFLa enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es una enfermedad prevalente que genera un gran impacto social y sanitario. Las agudizaciones de la enfermedad son la causa más importante de admisión hospitalaria, gasto sanitario y mortalidad, siendo las infecciones bronquiales la causa más frecuente de agudización.
La infección por P. aeruginosa se ha asociado a peores resultados clínicos en diferentes enfermedades respiratorias. En la EPOC, se aísla de forma frecuente en las agudizaciones graves que requieren de ingreso hospitalario. Además en los últimos años se ha apreciado un aumento en el patrón de resistencias a los antibióticos más utilizados. Sin embargo, el impacto de la infección bronquial por P.aeruginosa y sus patrones de resistencia en pacientes con EPOC y agudizaciones frecuentes no está bien establecido.
La hipótesis que nos planteamos es que los pacientes con EPOC y agudizaciones graves por P. aeruginosa tienen peores resultados clínicos, presentando una mayor tasa de readmisión hospitalaria y que el patrón de resistencia microbiológica tiene un impacto en el pronóstico.
Es por ello que el objetivo de esta tesis es evaluar el impacto de P. aeruginosa y su patrón de resistencias en las agudizaciones de EPOC que requieren de ingreso hospitalario. Con esta premisa se diseñaron dos estudios prospectivos en los que se incluyeron pacientes con agudizaciones graves de EPOC.
En el primer estudio se incluyeron solo los pacientes con EPOC y cultivo de esputo positivo al ingreso para P. aeruginosa y se evaluaron resultados clínicos en función del patrón de resistencia.
Este estudio concluye que los pacientes EPOC ingresados por una agudización con aislamiento de P. aeruginosa en el cultivo de esputo tienen diferentes resultados en función del patrón de resistencia a antibióticos. Los pacientes con P. aeruginosa multisensible presentaban mayor mortalidad comparados con los que tenían un patrón de resistencia a antibióticos, y permanecían en la vía aérea a pesar de recibir un correcto tratamiento antibiótico, sugiriendo distintas formas de virulencia en función del patrón de resistencias.
En el segundo estudio se reclutaron pacientes con agudización grave de EPOC independientemente del aislamiento microbiológico. Posteriormente se evaluaron prevalencia, factores de riesgo e impacto en resultados, del grupo de pacientes con aislamiento de P.aeruginosa al compararlo con aquellos en los que no se aislaban MPP.
Este estudio concluye que el aislamiento de P. aeruginosa juega un papel importante en la evolución de los pacientes con EPOC, aumentando el porcentaje de readmisiones por agudización y persistiendo en el esputo durante el seguimiento.
La conclusión global de este trabajo es que las agudizaciones graves de EPOC debidas a P.aeruginosa presentan peores resultados clínicos, asociándose a un mayor número de readmisiones hospitalarias y se han observado diferencias en la evolución clínica de los pacientes en función del patrón de resistencia antibiótica.Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent disease that generates a great social and health impact. The exacerbations of the disease are the most important cause of hospital admission, health expenditure and mortality, with bronchial infections being the most frequent cause of exacerbation.
P. aeruginosa infection has been associated with poorer clinical outcomes in different respiratory diseases. In COPD, it is frequently isolated in severe exacerbations that require hospital admission. In addition, in recent years there has been an increase in the pattern of resistance to the most commonly used antibiotics. However, the impact of bronchial infection due to P. aeruginosa and its resistance patterns in patients with COPD and frequent exacerbations is not well established.
The hypothesis that we propose is that patients with COPD and exacerbations due to P. aeruginosa have poorer clinical results, presenting a greater hospital readmission and that the pattern of microbiological resistance has an impact on outcomes.
That is why the objective of this thesis is to evaluate the impact of P. aeruginosa and its pattern of resistance in exacerbations of COPD who required hospital admission. In accordance with this premise, two prospective studies were designed in which patients with severe exacerbations of COPD.
In the first study, only patients with COPD and positive sputum culture at admission for P. aeruginosa were included and clinical results were evaluated according to the resistance pattern.
The first study concludes that COPD patients admitted for an exacerbation with isolation of P. aeruginosa in sputum culture have different results depending on the pattern of resistance to antibiotics. Patients with multisensible P. aeruginosa had higher mortality compared to those who had a pattern of resistance to antibiotics, who stayed in the airway despite receiving a correct antibiotic treatment, suggesting different forms of virulence depending on the pattern of resistance.
In the second study, patients with severe exacerbation and COPD were enrolled regardless of microbiological isolation. Subsequently, prevalence, risk factors and impact on the results of the group of patients with P. aeruginosa isolation were evaluated when compared to those in which MPP was not isolated.
This work concludes that the isolation of P. aeruginosa plays an important role in the evolution of patients with COPD, increasing the percentage of readmissions due to exacerbation and persisting in the sputum during follow-up.
The overall conclusion of this study is that severe exacerbations of COPD due to P.aeruginosa present worse clinical results, being associated with a greater number of hospital readmissions and differences in the clinical evolution of patients have been observed depending on the pattern of antibiotic resistance
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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