1,720,993 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Modelering en mitigatie van parametrische tijds-afhankelijke variabiliteit in digitale systemen
No full textCurrent and future semiconductor technology nodes, bring about a variety of challenges that pertain to the reliability and dependability of digital integrated systems. Compounds, such as high-κ materials in the transistor gate stack, tend to intensify the time-zero and time-dependent variability of transistors. A case, can certainly be made for the phenomena like Bias Temperature Instability (BTI) and Random Telegraph Noise (RTN). The use of such modern materials is also coupled to an aggressive downscaling trend, which further amplifies matter discretization within the transistor's channel. These are two major manufacturing trends that give rise to time-dependent variability in integrated digital systems. It stands to reason, that as the materials become more variable, the error rates experienced at the circuit- or even system-level are also intensified. Coupled to increasing integrated circuit functionality (namely, the `"More than Moore" trend), it is reasonable to expect that future digital chips will be exhibiting reliability profiles that vary across the chip's lifetime.
The goal of the research presented in the current text is to study the above observations both regarding the modeling and the mitigation of time-dependent variability. Target systems, naturally, constitute digital integrated circuits, such as processors and memories thereof. The current research contributes with specific reductions to practice that aim to confirm existing techniques and develop novel insight into the modeling and mitigation of time-dependent variability. As such, the current text is broadly split into two major parts.
The modeling part starts with the reiteration of atomistic modeling concepts, which are very useful in the analysis of phenomena like BTI and RTN, especially for deca-nanometer transistors. As a result, the complexity of atomistic models for integrated circuit aging analysis is made abundantly clear. In order to alleviate the complexity of circuit reliability analysis across the system lifetime, the current research has formulated the concept of the Compact Digital Waveform (CDW). This format targets regions of circuit operation that are similar from a waveform point of view (e.g. similar frequency or duty cycle) and abstracts them to a single point. This enables striding over circuit lifetime intervals, while retaining key features of atomistic reliability models (e.g. workload dependency).
Still on the modeling front, the current research additionally contributes towards exposing transistor variability information to the architecture level. The metric of choice in this case is the component failure probability (Pfail). This is typically required by system designers to appropriately provision their systems with appropriate disabling or correction mechanisms. In order to derive the Pfail, this text features the Most Probable Failure Point (MPFP) method, which is applied for the cases of BTI/RTN variability. Two modeling approaches are used for these aging phenomena and observations are drawn regarding the importance of accurate standard deviation capturing (regarding the threshold voltage variability). A statistical reformulation of the MPFP concept is also presented towards handling standard cells, apart from memory components.
The failure of system components has traditionally been triggering some sort of reaction from the system, at least as far as detectable errors are concerned. Academia and industry have been using the term Reliability, Availability and Serviceability (RAS) in order to refer to such techniques. Their invocation is strictly coupled to the rate of errors that appears at the circuit level and typically comes at a measurable performance cost.
On the mitigation side, the starting point of the current research is a simple, rollback-based RAS technique that aims to recover a system from transient errors. This concept has been implemented on a research-grade many-core platform, in the data plane of which errors are injected at a user-defined rate. The rollbacks make sure the running application is brought to an earlier correct state, so that execution can continue. This fail/stop model, however granular, is creating a measurable drawback in the timely execution of the running application. It is reasonable to explore that a portion of injected errors may not corrected in order to reduce this performance overhead. In view of this trade-off, the current work explores the trade-off between application correctness, performance and energy budget, in search of the optimal operation points.
The final milestone of the current work is a generally applicable solution for the problem of dependable performance, in view of temporal RAS overheads such as the one illustrated above. Towards that direction, the issue of dependable performance is formulated from scratch and a control-theoretic solution is proposed. More specifically, a PID controller is used in order to manipulate the frequency of a processor, within which RAS schemes are invoked at the price of additional clock cycles. The concept is verified within the current research, both with simple simulations and on a real processing platform.status: Publishe
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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