34 research outputs found
Successful antiretroviral therapy by using unusual antiretroviral combinations in heavily pre-treated patients: two case reports
No full textIn the context of HIV-infected patients with several past antiretroviral therapies and multiple failures, it is possible to be faced with viruses resistant to all drug classes. We report on two HIV-1 infected patients in which the historical genotype showed mutations against all the major drug classes and in which viral suppression has been obtained by non-conventional antiretroviral therapy regimens, including the combination of darunavir at high dosage (800 mg bid), dolutegravir (50 mg bid) and a third agent, i.e. enfuvirtide in the first case and etravirine in the second one
Continuous versus Intermittent Infusions of Ceftazidime for Treating Exacerbation of Cystic Fibrosis
No full textThe present multicenter, randomized crossover study compared the safety and efficacy of continuous infusion with those of short infusions of ceftazidime in patients with cystic fibrosis. Patients with chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization received two successive courses of intravenous tobramycin and ceftazi
Impact écologique des antibiotiques
No full textL'impact de la résistance bactérienne en milieu
extra-hospitalier est particulièrement démonstratif
pour le pneumocoque. Des études concordantes
ont démontré le rôle, à titre individuel, d'une
prescription antibiotique antérieure récente et/ou
d'une hospitalisation, et, à titre collectif, d e la
consommation globale d'antibiotiques dans un
pays : plus celle-ci est élevée, comme en France,
plus la prévalence d e la résistance est élevée.
Une corrélation avec l'échec clinique a été établie
pour les macrolides et les fluoroquinolones
anti-pneumococciques. Elle est moins clairement
établie pour les β-lactamines les plus actives sur
le pneumocoque, lorsqu'elles sont prescrites à
bonne dose. La baisse de la consommation globale
d'antibiotiques est un facteur de décroissance
lente de la résistance. L'amoxicilline, à
une posologie minimale de 3 grammes par jour,
reste le traitement de référence de la pneumonie
à pneumocoque en France
Interaction pharmacocinétique entre l'amprénavir et le ritonavir lors de leur co-administration chez des sujets infectés par le VIH (influence de la glycoprotéine-P?)
No full textCHATENAY M.-PARIS 11-BU Pharma. (920192101) / SudocSudocFranceF
Influence du sexe sur la pharmacologie des antirétroviraux
No full textNICE-BU Médecine Odontologie (060882102) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF
Modelling the hidden magnetic field of low-mass stars
No full textPL acknowledges support from a Science and Technology Facilities Council studentship. JM, AAV and RF acknowledge support from fellowships of the Alexander von Humboldt foundation, the Royal Astronomical Society and Science and Technology Facilities Council, respectively.Zeeman-Doppler imaging is a spectropolarimetric technique that is used to map the large-scale surface magnetic fields of stars. These maps in turn are used to study the structure of the stars' coronae and winds. This method, however, misses any small-scale magnetic flux whose polarization signatures cancel out. Measurements of Zeeman broadening show that a large percentage of the surface magnetic flux may be neglected in this way. In this paper we assess the impact of this 'missing flux' on the predicted coronal structure and the possible rates of spin-down due to the stellar wind. To do this we create a model for the small-scale field and add this to the Zeeman-Doppler maps of the magnetic fields of a sample of 12 M dwarfs. We extrapolate this combined field and determine the structure of a hydrostatic, isothermal corona. The addition of small-scale surface field produces a carpet of low-lying magnetic loops that covers most of the surface, including the stellar equivalent of solar 'coronal holes' where the large-scale field is opened up by the stellar wind and hence would be X-ray dark. We show that the trend of the X-ray emission measure with rotation rate (the so-called 'activity-rotation relation') is unaffected by the addition of small-scale field, when scaled with respect to the large-scale field of each star. The addition of small-scale field increases the surface flux; however, the large-scale open flux that governs the loss of mass and angular momentum in the wind remains unaffected. We conclude that spin-down times and mass-loss rates calculated from surface magnetograms are unlikely to be significantly influenced by the neglect of small-scale field.Peer reviewe
Black holes and gravitational solitons in gravity with higher-curvature terms
No full textLa teoría de gravedad de Lovelock es la extensión natural de la teoría de Einstein a dimensiones mayores que cuatro. Esta es una teoría de gran importancia en física teórica ya que incluye a la Relatividad general y a las llamadas Gravedades de Chern-Simons como ejemplos particulares. Además, la teoría de Lovelock emerge como una corrección de segundo orden en la parte gravitacional de la acción efectiva de bajas energías de ciertas teorías de cuerdas. En esta tesis, estudiamos soluciones de agujero negro y solitones gravita- torios en la teoría de Lovelock. Comezamos nuestro estudio discutiendo las motivaciones para considerar esta teoría de gravedad en particular. Luego, revemos cómo, en el régimen de distancias cortas, la física de los agujeros negros resulta modificada con respecto a lo que aprendimos de la mano de la Relatividad General. Discutimos en detalle los aspectos geométricos y termodinámicos. Luego, atacamos el problema de incluir términos de borde, y usamos éstos para construir soluciones de vacío que pueden ser pensadas como solitones gravitatorios de la teoría de Lovelock en cinco dimensiones. Analizamos detalladamente la (in)estabilidad y la estructura global de las nuevas soluciones. De la gran familia de nuevas soluciones que encontramos, prestamos particular atención a las soluciones de vacío tipo wormhole y tipo vacuum-shells, esféricamente simétricas. La existencia de este tipo de solu- ciones nos lleva a mostrar que los teoremas tipo Birkhoff en la teoría de Lovelock resultan ser válidos sólo localmente, a diferencia de lo que ocurre en la teoría de Einstein. También estudiamos la naturaleza de la singularidad en la teoría de Lovelock. En esta teoría, existen soluciones de masa positiva que, aún así, exhiben singularidades de curvatura desnudas. Probamos que, cuando estas singularidades son analizadas con el método de quantum probes, estos espacios singulares pueden ser considerados como regulares en el con- texto cuántico. Esta tesis está basada en los resultados que la autora ha publicado en las referencias [81, 80, 82]. El contenido también fue presentado por la autora en dos seminarios dictados en el Martin A. Fisher Physics Department de Brandeis University.Lovelock theory of gravity is the natural extension of Einstein theory to higher dimensions. This is a theory of great importance in theoretical physics because it includes General Relativity and the so called Chern-Simons gravities as particular examples. Besides, Lovelock theory arises as next-to- leading corrections in the gravitational part of the low energy effective action of certain string theories. In this thesis we study black hole solutions and gravitational solitons in Lovelock theory. We begin by discussing the motivation for considering this particular theory of gravity. Then, we review how, in the short-distance regime, black hole physics gets modified with respect to what we know from General Relativity. Geometrical and thermodynamical aspects are discussed in detail. Then, we address the problem of including boundary terms, and use them to construct vacuum solutions that can be thought of as gravita- tional solitons of five-dimensional Lovelock theory. We carefully analyse the (in)stability and global structure of the new solutions. Among the large fam- ily of new exact solutions we found, particular attention is focused on vacuum spherically symmetric wormholes and vacuum-shells. The existence of such solutions leads us to show that Birkhoff-like theorems only hold locally in Lovelock theory, in contrast to Einstein theory. We also study the nature of the singularity. Solutions of positive mass exhibiting naked curvature sin- gularity exist, and we prove that when testing with quantum probes these singular spaces can be regarded as regular within a quantum mechanical context. This thesis is based on the results the author has published in references [81, 80, 82]. The material was also presented by the author in two lectures delivered in the Martin A. Fisher Physics Department of Brandeis University.Fil:Garraffo, Cecilia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina
Cefoxitin-based antibiotic therapy for extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae prostatitis: a prospective pilot study
No full text
