1,721,221 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Zo gaat het bij de buren : alternatieve vleeskuikenhouderij in Engeland
No full textEind 2003 is een Nederlandse delegatie van mensen uit de biologische vleeskuikensector, uit het bedrijfsleven en uit het onderzoek naar Engeland geweest om een beeld te krijgen van de alternatieve vleeskuikenhouderij daar en om ideeën op te doen voor mogelijkheden in Nederlan
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Feather pecking and related behavioural characteristics in laying hens
No full textFeather pecking is a major welfare and economic problem in laying hens. It is characterised by pecking at- and pulling out of feathers of conspecifics. A bird's propensity to develop feather pecking may be related with other behavioural characteristics, such as reaction to frustration (the omission of expected reward) and social motivation. Furthermore, differences in feather pecking between lines indicate that genetic background plays an important role.In this thesis, the relationship between feather pecking and other behavioural characteristics was studied in two lines that differed in feather pecking behaviour: the high (HFP) and low (LFP) feather pecking lines. The importance of the social environment was evaluated in an experiment where different tests to measure feather pecking were compared. Furthermore, the reaction to frustration was studied in these lines and it was studied whether frustration can facilitate feather pecking directly. In a behaviour genetics study, it was studied whether behavioural traits measured at young age were predictive of feather pecking at adult age.It was found that the social environment plays an important role in the development of feather pecking. Pecking at a bunch of feathers in an individual context is not comparable with feather pecking in a social group. Although HFP and LFP lines showed differences in reaction to frustration, short-term frustration in a Skinnerbox could not facilitate feather pecking. Finally open-field behaviour at young age was found to be predictive of pecking behaviour at adult age. These results were used to develop a model on the relationship between feather pecking and other behavioural characteristics, that may be helpful to solve the problem of feather pecking in laying hens
Welfare and health aspects of free ranges for laying hens
No full textIn the Netherlands, 29% of laying hens have access to a free range, because of the possibilities for natural behaviour, additional space and fresh air. Daily access to the range appears to be related to less feather pecking damage and fewer pecking wounds, i.e. better animal welfare. On average, no more than 47% of the hens in a flock go outside simultaneously. Range use is higher in the case of brown hens, smaller flocks, with roosters, in sheds with natural ventilation and in flocks with better plumage. In ranges where at least 8% of the surface is covered with trees or shrubs, fewer wild waterbirds are seen; species that pose a risk for avian influenza. In landscapes with more trees or woody elements, also fewer waterbirds are seen around chicken runs than in open landscapes. Of the chickens found dead in the range, 73% were probably killed by a bird of prey and 9% by a fox. A survey shows that an average of nearly 4% of hens with a range are lost to predation, out of a total mortality of 12%. Few or no eggs of chicken parasites were found in the soil of the free ranges. No relationship was found between worm infection on the one hand and range use, health, mortality and production on the other. From research on organic flocks in Sweden, the Netherlands and Italy, it appreared that only Dutch flocks were dewormed, but generally they had as many worm infections as the foreign flocks that were not dewormed. Overall, this thesis supports the assumption that free range use contributes to the welfare of laying hens. Practical recommendations or suggestions for further research are made for the investigated risks to animal welfare
Er vroeg bij zijn werkt
No full textVerenpikken voorkomen door te selecteren op lage uitval en door moederkloekprikkels bij de jonge diertjes. WUR-onderzoek laat zien dat het een veelbelovende optie is
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