1,720,975 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
PERIOD3 variable number tandem repeat genotype associations with performance, injury, illness and re-entrainment
No full textBackground: Circadian rhythms are internally driven biological variations that fluctuate with a period of approximately 24 hours, even in the absence of external environmental time cues. These rhythms enable organisms to synchronise their internal clock time with external environmental time. This ensures appropriate timing of biological and metabolic processes, and allows anticipation of daily changes in the environment. Circadian rhythms also play an important role in sports in terms of optimising performance time-of-day and aiding adjustment to global time zone changes. Thus, performance, which is under the control of the athlete, may be impacted by event time-of-day scheduling in the new time zone. It has previously been shown that individual sport athletes in South Africa tend to be morning-types and carry the PERIOD3 (PER3) Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) 5-repeat allele, which has been associated with a preference for mornings. The distribution of the PER3 VNTR polymorphism in combination with an individual's preference for mornings or evenings has not yet been described in team sports. Differences in the PER3 VNTR genotype between team and individual sport athletes are expected, given that individual sport athletes may be free to choose the time-of-day at which they train. In contrast, team sport athletes usually train in groups, thus these individuals may not have the flexibility to choose their preferred training times. There are notable inter-individual differences in adjustment to jet-lag after time zone changes. A possible genetic candidate that may be responsible for some of this variation is the PER3 VNTR gene. This gene consist of two alleles corresponding in size to 4-repeats (PER34) or 5-repeats (PER35). Individuals are either homozygous for the 4-repeat allele (PER⁴⁄⁴) or the 5-repeat allele (PER3⁵⁄⁵), while others are heterozygous for the PER3 gene (PER34/5). The PER3 VNTR genotype might explain individual sensitivity to bright light and has been reported to be associated with sleep pressure- an increase in the brain's pressure and need for sleep, following an extended period of awakening. Individuals homozygous for the longer variant of the gene (i.e. PER3⁵⁄⁵) experience a higher sleep pressure during extended wakefulness. The PER3⁵⁄⁵ genotype has been reported to be more sensitive to the alerting and melatonin suppression effects of blue enriched light than the PER⁴⁄⁴ genotype. Aims: Therefore, the aim of Study 1 was to compare the chronotype and PER3 VNTR genotype distribution of South African Super Rugby players to individuals of low physical activity (i.e. those who are physically active ≤2 times per week). The aim of Study 2 was to determine whether PER3 VNTR genotype might contribute to inter-individual variation in the extent to which game involvement and quality of play are affected following trans-meridian travel. Further, the aim of Study 3 was to compare the impact of time zone travel during the 2012 Super Rugby competition in South African players genotyped as PER⁴⁄⁴, PER34/5 and PER3⁵⁄⁵ on the incidence of illnesses and injuries. Lastly, the aim of Study 4 was to compare the extent to which individuals genotyped as PER⁴⁄⁴ or PER3⁵⁄⁵ respond to appropriately-timed blue light exposure in order to resynchronise their circadian rhythm, following simulated eastward travel, based on changes in dim-light melatonin onset and cortisol circadian phases
A sleep behaviour intervention to improve cardiometabolic health in adults with overweight and obesity
Full text linkRob Henricus Petrus Henst was born on the 12th of March in Schaijk, the Netherlands. He graduated from pre-vocational secondary education (VMBO) in 2005 and continued to study process and laboratory technology at an intermediate vocational educational (MBO) institution. In 2009, Rob started with a Bachelor of Science degree, majoring in Life Science with a minor in Exercise Science. For his undergraduate thesis in 2012, he moved to South Africa where he was introduced to chronobiology in exercise science. In 2013, Rob continued to study in South Africa for his Master of Science (Exercise Science) degree and published his first peer-reviewed article in the Journal of Biological Rhythms. He then developed an interest in sleep and cardiometabolic health, specifically in the context of public health. In 2015, these interests were combined and lead to his current PhD thesis on a sleep behaviour intervention for the betterment of cardiometabolic health. In this year, he also co-founded the business unit Sleep Science within the Sports Science Institute of South Africa to help individuals sleep better. In 2019, Rob moved back to the Netherlands to write the final pages of his PhD thesis
Sleep under stress: the complex web of fear, hypervigilance and mental health in a low socioeconomic status community in South Africa
Full text linkIntroduction: There is a well-established bidirectional relationship between sleep and mental health. Furthermore, low socioeconomic status (SES) environments have been linked to both poorer sleep and mental health, at leastin part due to a lack of perceived safety. Specifically, individuals who feel unsafe or vulnerable in their neighbourhoods may either delay sleep in favour of remaining alert to potential threats or experience hypervigilance throughout the night. This state of hypervigilance is typically characterized by heightened sympathetic nervous system activity and reduced parasympathetic tone, which can be quantified through measures of autonomic nervous system function, such as heart rate variability. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive measure of autonomic regulation of the heart which can be divided into time and frequency domain variables. Frequency domain variables are derived from the spectral power of the electrocardiography signal and include very low, low and high frequency power measures (VLF, LF and HF power, respectively). VLF and HF power reflect sympathetic withdrawal and parasympathetic input, respectively while LF is understood to reflect a combination of sympathetic and parasympathetic input. Lower HRV has previously been linked to various mental disorders, including depression and anxiety, and has been included as a contributing factor in the hyperarousal model of insomnia
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