1,720,971 research outputs found
Mapeamento de processos de gestão em uma distribuidora de produtos químicos usando HTA e SHERPA
Get PDFO estudo aborda o mapeamento de processos em uma pequena empresa (PME) familiar do setor químico, com o objetivo de identificar gargalos operacionais e propor melhorias para otimizar fluxos de trabalho. A pesquisa utiliza as metodologias Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA), Systematic Human Error Reduction and Prediction Approach (SHERPA) e Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) para análise de tarefas, identificação de erros humanos e modelagem de processos. Os resultados revelaram vulnerabilidades como dependência de conhecimento tácito, informalidade na comunicação e ausência de padronização, comprometendo a eficiência e a segurança operacional. As propostas incluem padronização de processos, integração de sistemas, adoção de protocolos formais e capacitação dos colaboradores, com potencial para profissionalizar a empresa, reduzir custos e aumentar a conformidade regulatória. Este trabalho destaca a eficácia de metodologias estruturadas na gestão de processos em PMEs, apontando caminhos para pesquisas futuras em diferentes setores e regiões.The study addresses the mapping of processes in a small family company (SME) in the chemical sector, with the objective of identifying operational bottlenecks and propose improvements to optimize workflows. The research uses Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA), Systematic Human Error Reduction and Prediction Approach (SHERPA) and Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) methodologies for task analysis, identification of human errors and process modeling. The results revealed vulnerabilities such as dependence on tacit knowledge, informality in communication and absence of standardization, compromising efficiency and operational safety. The proposals include process standardization, systems integration, adoption of formal protocols and employee training, with potential to professionalize the company, reduce costs and increase regulatory compliance. This work highlights the effectiveness of structured methodologies in process management in SMEs, pointing out ways for future research in different sectors and regions
Como se sentem os doutorandos ? um estudo de caso da carga mental de trabalho
Get PDFO doutorado, assim como qualquer outro trabalho, exige diversas entregas dos trabalhadores ao mesmo tempo em que as responsabilidades da vida fora do âmbito profissional acontecem. No entanto, o processo de pós-graduação apresenta algumas particularidades, como a ausência de turnos de trabalho delimitados e a intensa produção de artigos, por exemplo, o que aumenta a carga mental de trabalho dos estudantes e gera pressões de diferentes formas. O presente trabalho buscou, portanto, avaliar qualitativamente o equilíbrio entre a vida pessoal e profissional dos estudantes de doutorado do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa aplicada que, a partir da revisão da literatura e construção de um instrumento para a avaliação com base em metodologias já existentes, permitiu entender a experiência dos doutorandos e os sentimentos mais presentes em sua rotina. Os resultados encontrados estão de acordo com o que é evidenciado pela literatura, ou seja, a maioria dos estudantes percebe a carga de trabalho muito alta e os prazos, assim como as bolsas-auxílio, insuficientes para a quantidade de esforço necessária nesta fase
Proposição de um método para a estimativa da carga de trabalho fisiológica em trabalhadores do setor de transporte de pacientes de um hospital
Get PDFCarga de Trabalho Fisiológica (CTF) é um conceito complexo que visa mensurar a quantidade de esforço físico despendida por um trabalhador para realizar uma série de atividades durante sua jornada de trabalho. Este conceito precisa ser estudado em atividades hospitalares, visto o excesso tarefas dinâmicas relacionadas ao manuseio e transporte do paciente. Portanto, isto pode trazer benefícios à saúde do trabalhador, bem como melhorar o serviço prestado e reduzir índices gerenciais como absenteísmo e rotatividade. Entretanto, na literatura não são encontradas metodologias que estimem e analisem a CTF a partir de diferentes parâmetros tratados conjuntamente. Sendo assim, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo a proposição de um método para a estimativa da Carga de Trabalho Fisiológica de trabalhadores de hospitais. Para isto, três etapas principais foram realizadas: uma revisão da literatura, no intuito de identificar conceitos relacionados à CTF e os principais parâmetros utilizados para mensura-la; entrevista com os trabalhadores, com o objetivo de identificar a percepção destes relativamente à elevação da CTF e, por fim, propor um método, baseado na Design Science Research, que estime a carga de trabalho fisiológica, considerando diferentes parâmetros em conjunto. Ao final da proposição do método, pode-se concluir que a discussão entre estes diferentes parâmetros traz uma abordagem mais completa e complexa, quando comparado às análises a partir de parâmetros individuais. O método apresenta um caráter inovador, abrangendo simultaneamente diferentes parâmetros – como frequência cardíaca, distância percorrida, escala de esforço subjetivo e métodos ergonômicos – no intuito de facilitar o trabalho de gestores de hospitais, para propor melhorias que englobem as funções de trabalhadores do setor de transporte de pacientes.Physiological Workload (PWL) is a complex definition that aims to measure the amount of physical effort expended by a worker to perform a series of activities during their workday. This definition needs to be studied in hospital activities, given the excessive dynamic tasks related to handling and transporting the patient. Therefore, this can bring benefits to the health of the worker, as well as improve the service provided and reduce management rates such as absenteeism and turnover. However, there are no methodologies in the literature that estimate and analyze the PWL from different parameters treated together. Therefore, this research aims to propose a method for estimating the physiological workload of hospital workers. For this, three main steps were carried out: a literature review, in order to identify definitions related to the PWL and the main parameters used to measure it; an interview with the workers, in order to identify their perception related to the elevation of the PWL and, finally, to propose a method, based on Design Science Research, that estimates the physiological workload, considering different parameters together. At the end of the method proposition, it can be concluded that the discussion between these different parameters brings a more complete and complex approach, when compared to the analysis based on individual parameters. The method has an innovative character, covering different parameters - such as heart rate, distance covered, subjective effort scale and ergonomic methods - in order to facilitate the work of hospital managers, to propose improvements that encompass the functions of workers in the transport sector of patients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Identification and estimation of physiological workload in nursing : concepts, methods and gaps in the literature
No full textThe increasing technological evolution in hospitals, combined with stressful and burdensome working conditions causes distress in nursing professionals. These elements suggest an increase in the physiological workload of workers in this service. This paper aims to identify the parameters or variables used to estimate the physiological workload of dynamic tasks in hospital workers, as well as the methods used to measure it and their specificities. A systematic literature review was performed using the PRISMA protocol, in journal databases such as Scopus, Science Direct, and Pubmed Central. Our searches retrieved 1321 articles and, after classification, we selected 35 articles for full analysis. The results showed a lack of consensual physiological workload definition, although there are several parameters and methods to measure it. Finally, based on the concepts studied, we found insufficiencies in the methodologies that combine the main parameters to estimate the physiological workload among nursing professionals
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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