1,721,230 research outputs found

    New receiving line for the remote-steering antenna of the 140 GHz CTS diagnostics in the FTU Tokamak

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    A new receiving antenna for collecting signals of the Collective Thomson Scattering (CTS) diagnostics in FTU Tokamak has been recently installed. The squared corrugated section and the precisely defined length make it possible to receive from different directions by remotely steering the receiving mirrors. This type of Remote-Steering (RS) antennas, being studied on FTU for the DEMO Electron Cyclotron Heating (ECH) system launch, is already installed on the W7- X stellarator and will be tested in the next campaign. The transmission of the signal from the antenna in the tokamak hall to the CTS diagnostics hall will be mainly realized by means of oversized circular corrugated waveguides carrying the hybrid HE11 (quasi-gaussian) waveguide mode, with inclusion of a special smooth-waveguide section and a short run of reduced-size square-corrugated waveguide through the tokamak bio-shield. The coupling between different waveguide types is made with ellipsoidal focusing mirrors, using quasi-optical matching formulas between the gaussian-shaped beams in input and output to the waveguides. In this work, after a complete study of feasibility of the overall line, a design for the receiving line will be proposed, in order to realize an executive layout to be used as a guideline for the commissioning phase. © 2018 ENEA. Published by IOP Publishing Ltd on behalf of Sissa Medialab

    Electron Cyclotron Emission Diagnostics for Next Generation Nuclear Fusion Experiments, such as DEMO

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    This paper discusses characteristics and requirements of Electron Cyclotron Emission (ECE) diagnostics for next step fusion experiments. The extreme conditions of fusion plasmas pose major challenges to the realization of the diagnostics, both for physics measurements and on the engineering side

    New diagnostics for density measurement on Frascati Tokamak upgrade

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    In FTU, density profile is measured with two new diagnostics: a CO 2/CO scanning interferometer and a time-of-flight radar (denominated refractometer). The first, using two scanning beams, can provide a plasma density profile every 62.5 μs. Two lasers (CO2/CO) are employed for compensation of mechanical vibration of optical components. The scanning component is a small mirror (∅=5 mm) tilting at 8 kHz. The oscillation is cancelled out by a second reflection on this mirror. The time-of- flight refractometer is a two-frequency radar (51.5 GHz and 60.5 GHz) which measures the plasma refractive index from the delay time of an RF pulse that goes through the plasma and is reflected back by the metallic vacuum vessel. The line density and the profile peaking by both diagnostics are in good agreement. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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