220 research outputs found
A Brief History of Human Time - Cross-verified Dataset
No full text
This cross-verified dataset contains 2.2 million individuals, it can be used for research purposes. This dataset is linked to the following paper that should be cited directly instead of the data itself:
Morgane Laouenan, Palaash Bhargava, Jean-Benoît Eyméoud, Olivier Gergaud, Guillaume Plique, Etienne Wasmer (2022) A cross-verified database of notable people, 3500BC-2018AD, Scientific Data, June 2022.
Bibtex:
@article{bhht3,
author = {Laouenan, Morgane and Bhargava, Palaash and Eyméoud, Jean-Benoît and Gergaud, Olivier and Plique, Guillaume and Wasmer, Etienne},
title = {A cross-verified database of notable people, 3500BC-2018AD},
journal = {Scientific Data},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
year = {2022},
month = {Jun},
day = {09},
volume = {9},
number = {1},
pages = {290},
issn = {2052-4463},
doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01369-4},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01369-4}
}
This dataset is subject to CC-BY-SA licensing.
</p
A Brief History of Human Time - Codes & Datasets
No full text
This compressed folder includes the code used for scraping and building the dataset, the intermediate datasets and the (not cross-verified) exhaustive dataset. This dataset is linked to the following paper that should be cited directly instead of the data itself:
Morgane Laouenan, Palaash Bhargava, Jean-Benoît Eyméoud, Olivier Gergaud, Guillaume Plique, Etienne Wasmer (2022) A cross-verified database of notable people, 3500BC-2018AD, Scientific Data, June 2022.
Bibtex:
@article{bhht3,
author = {Laouenan, Morgane and Bhargava, Palaash and Eyméoud, Jean-Benoît and Gergaud, Olivier and Plique, Guillaume and Wasmer, Etienne},
title = {A cross-verified database of notable people, 3500BC-2018AD},
journal = {Scientific Data},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
year = {2022},
month = {Jun},
day = {09},
volume = {9},
number = {1},
pages = {290},
issn = {2052-4463},
doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01369-4},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01369-4}
}
The intermediate files as well as the exhaustive database are not cross-verified and should not be used directly or under the full responsibility of users.
All datasets included in this folder are subject to CC-BY-SA licensing.
</p
Embryonic and foetal programming in the equine: a need for epigenetic evaluation
No full textInternational audienceEpigenetic plasticity during early development in mammals is influenced by environmental cues. This leads to the apposition of epigenetic marks that support the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease. In horses, maternal nutrition, age and parity as well as reproductive technologies have been shown to affect offspring birthweight, post-natal growth, metabolism, testicular maturation, juvenile osteoarticular pathologies and performance (Chavatte-Palmer et al. 2017; Palmer et al. 2018). These observations have prompted changes in broodmare management recommendations in order to optimise fetal programming (Robles et al. 2021). The placenta, of foetal origin, is a key organ at the interface between dam and foetus. In response to maternal environment, modifications in placental function, whether in gene expression or cellular organisation, affect materno-foetal exchanges. These changes lead to foetal adaptation that will modify offspring long-term phenotype (Robles et al. 2022). Although epigenetic mechanisms were demonstrated to underlie developmental programming in many species, it has not yet been demonstrated in horses. There is an urgent need to explore the interactions between genome, epigenome, and environment in equine species, so as to develop complementary strategies to combine with genetic selection to produce offspring with optimal phenotypic capacities. Indeed, additional epigenetic information could improve phenotype prediction obtainedfrom genotype alone, as already demonstrated in cattle for bull selection (Costes et al. 2022). In terms of age, the economic and ethical need of longevity of sport horses could also benefit of epigenetic programming strategies during development for adult health.References:Chavatte-Palmer, P., Peugnet, P., Robles, M. 2017. Developmental programming in equine species: relevance for the horse industry. Anim Front. 7:48-54Costes, V., Chaulot-Talmon, A., Sellem, E., Perrier, J.P., Aubert-Frambourg, A., Jouneau, L., Pontlevoy, C., Hozé, C., Fritz, S., Boussaha, M., Le Danvic, C., Sanchez , M.P., Boichard, D., Schibler, L., Jammes, H., Jaffrézic, F., Kiefer, H. (2022) Predicting Male Fertility from the Sperm Methylome: Application to 120 Bulls with Hundreds of Artificial Insemination Records. Clinical Epigenetics 14:54.Palmer, E., Robles, M., Chavatte-Palmer, P., Ricard, A. (2018) Maternal Effects on Offspring Performance in Show Jumping. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 66:108Robles, M., Hammer, C., Staniar, B., Chavatte-Palmer, P. 2021 Nutrition in broodmares. Vet Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 37:177-205Robles, M. Loux, S., de Mestre, A. Chavatte-Palmer, P. 2022 Environmental constraints and pathologies that modulate equine placental genes and development. Reproduction 163:R25-R3
Embryonic and foetal programming in the equine: a need for epigenetic evaluation
No full textInternational audienceEpigenetic plasticity during early development in mammals is influenced by environmental cues. This leads to the apposition of epigenetic marks that support the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease. In horses, maternal nutrition, age and parity as well as reproductive technologies have been shown to affect offspring birthweight, post-natal growth, metabolism, testicular maturation, juvenile osteoarticular pathologies and performance (Chavatte-Palmer et al. 2017; Palmer et al. 2018). These observations have prompted changes in broodmare management recommendations in order to optimise fetal programming (Robles et al. 2021). The placenta, of foetal origin, is a key organ at the interface between dam and foetus. In response to maternal environment, modifications in placental function, whether in gene expression or cellular organisation, affect materno-foetal exchanges. These changes lead to foetal adaptation that will modify offspring long-term phenotype (Robles et al. 2022). Although epigenetic mechanisms were demonstrated to underlie developmental programming in many species, it has not yet been demonstrated in horses. There is an urgent need to explore the interactions between genome, epigenome, and environment in equine species, so as to develop complementary strategies to combine with genetic selection to produce offspring with optimal phenotypic capacities. Indeed, additional epigenetic information could improve phenotype prediction obtainedfrom genotype alone, as already demonstrated in cattle for bull selection (Costes et al. 2022). In terms of age, the economic and ethical need of longevity of sport horses could also benefit of epigenetic programming strategies during development for adult health.References:Chavatte-Palmer, P., Peugnet, P., Robles, M. 2017. Developmental programming in equine species: relevance for the horse industry. Anim Front. 7:48-54Costes, V., Chaulot-Talmon, A., Sellem, E., Perrier, J.P., Aubert-Frambourg, A., Jouneau, L., Pontlevoy, C., Hozé, C., Fritz, S., Boussaha, M., Le Danvic, C., Sanchez , M.P., Boichard, D., Schibler, L., Jammes, H., Jaffrézic, F., Kiefer, H. (2022) Predicting Male Fertility from the Sperm Methylome: Application to 120 Bulls with Hundreds of Artificial Insemination Records. Clinical Epigenetics 14:54.Palmer, E., Robles, M., Chavatte-Palmer, P., Ricard, A. (2018) Maternal Effects on Offspring Performance in Show Jumping. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 66:108Robles, M., Hammer, C., Staniar, B., Chavatte-Palmer, P. 2021 Nutrition in broodmares. Vet Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 37:177-205Robles, M. Loux, S., de Mestre, A. Chavatte-Palmer, P. 2022 Environmental constraints and pathologies that modulate equine placental genes and development. Reproduction 163:R25-R3
Embryonic and foetal programming in the equine: a need for epigenetic evaluation
No full textInternational audienceEpigenetic plasticity during early development in mammals is influenced by environmental cues. This leads to the apposition of epigenetic marks that support the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease. In horses, maternal nutrition, age and parity as well as reproductive technologies have been shown to affect offspring birthweight, post-natal growth, metabolism, testicular maturation, juvenile osteoarticular pathologies and performance (Chavatte-Palmer et al. 2017; Palmer et al. 2018). These observations have prompted changes in broodmare management recommendations in order to optimise fetal programming (Robles et al. 2021). The placenta, of foetal origin, is a key organ at the interface between dam and foetus. In response to maternal environment, modifications in placental function, whether in gene expression or cellular organisation, affect materno-foetal exchanges. These changes lead to foetal adaptation that will modify offspring long-term phenotype (Robles et al. 2022). Although epigenetic mechanisms were demonstrated to underlie developmental programming in many species, it has not yet been demonstrated in horses. There is an urgent need to explore the interactions between genome, epigenome, and environment in equine species, so as to develop complementary strategies to combine with genetic selection to produce offspring with optimal phenotypic capacities. Indeed, additional epigenetic information could improve phenotype prediction obtainedfrom genotype alone, as already demonstrated in cattle for bull selection (Costes et al. 2022). In terms of age, the economic and ethical need of longevity of sport horses could also benefit of epigenetic programming strategies during development for adult health.References:Chavatte-Palmer, P., Peugnet, P., Robles, M. 2017. Developmental programming in equine species: relevance for the horse industry. Anim Front. 7:48-54Costes, V., Chaulot-Talmon, A., Sellem, E., Perrier, J.P., Aubert-Frambourg, A., Jouneau, L., Pontlevoy, C., Hozé, C., Fritz, S., Boussaha, M., Le Danvic, C., Sanchez , M.P., Boichard, D., Schibler, L., Jammes, H., Jaffrézic, F., Kiefer, H. (2022) Predicting Male Fertility from the Sperm Methylome: Application to 120 Bulls with Hundreds of Artificial Insemination Records. Clinical Epigenetics 14:54.Palmer, E., Robles, M., Chavatte-Palmer, P., Ricard, A. (2018) Maternal Effects on Offspring Performance in Show Jumping. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 66:108Robles, M., Hammer, C., Staniar, B., Chavatte-Palmer, P. 2021 Nutrition in broodmares. Vet Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 37:177-205Robles, M. Loux, S., de Mestre, A. Chavatte-Palmer, P. 2022 Environmental constraints and pathologies that modulate equine placental genes and development. Reproduction 163:R25-R3
Author response
No full textThe adult frog retina retains a reservoir of active neural stem cells that contribute to continuous eye growth throughout life. We found that Yap, a downstream effector of the Hippo pathway, is specifically expressed in these stem cells. Yap knock-down leads to an accelerated S-phase and an abnormal progression of DNA replication, a phenotype likely mediated by upregulation of c-Myc. This is associated with an increased occurrence of DNA damage and eventually p53-p21 pathway-mediated cell death. Finally, we identified PKNOX1, a transcription factor involved in the maintenance of genomic stability, as a functional and physical interactant of YAP. Altogether, we propose that YAP is required in adult retinal stem cells to regulate the temporal firing of replication origins and quality control of replicated DNA. Our data reinforce the view that specific mechanisms dedicated to S-phase control are at work in stem cells to protect them from genomic instability
Influence du métabolisme maternel sur la fonction placentaire et la santé du poulain
No full textThe economy of the equine industry is based on the production of high performance athlete horses. The metabolism of the pregnant mare can program the development of the foal, its long-term health and therefore its athletic performance at adulthood. Many breeding practices can modify maternal metabolism, such as nutrition during pregnancy, overnutrition during the mare's productive life (overweight and obesity) and the number of foals produced by the mare (parity). The aim of this work was to study the effects of maternal metabolism during pregnancy on placental function and structure, as well as bone growth, energy metabolism, systemic inflammation and osteoarticular status in growing foals. In a first approach, mares fed with forage only during gestation were compared to mares fed forage and concentrates from mid-gestation. Supplementation with concentrates altered maternal carbohydrate metabolism and placental function. In weaned foals, the osteoarticular status and the metabolic response to an overnutrition were also affected by the use of concentrates in maternal nutrition. Conversely, mares fed forage only lost body condition, which led to a delay in the post-natal maturation in terms of energy metabolism and testicular function in foals. In a second approach, the effect of primiparity was studied. Foals born to primiparous mares were growth restricted at birth and had a long-term maturational delay in bone growth, carbohydrate metabolism and testicular function. Finally, given the current high prevalence of overweight and obesity in the equine species, the effects of maternal obesity were studied. Maternal obesity associated with increased maternal insulin resistance and systemic inflammation resulted in increased insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, and increased incidence of osteochondrosis in foals. Altogether, these results highlight the relationship between maternal insulin resistance, maternal inflammation and the development of osteochondrosis lesions in foals during growth, but also between in utero undernutrition and maturation delay. These observations will contribute to adjust nutritional recommendations to broodmares.: L’économie de la filière équine repose aujourd’hui sur la production de chevaux athlètes performants sur le long terme. Le métabolisme de la jument gestante peut programmer le développement du poulain, sa santé à long terme et donc ses performances sportives à l’âge adulte. De nombreuses pratiques d’élevage peuvent modifier le métabolisme maternel, telles que la nutrition durant la gestation, la surnutrition durant la vie de la jument (surpoids et obésité) et le nombre de poulains produits par la jument (parité). L’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier les effets du métabolisme maternel durant la gestation sur la fonction et la structure placentaire à terme, la croissance osseuse, le métabolisme énergétique, l’inflammation systémique et le statut ostéoarticulaire des poulains en croissance. Un premier modèle de perturbation nutritionnelle en fin de gestation a été développé en comparant des juments ayant ingéré uniquement des fourrages au cours de la gestation ou bien des fourrages et des concentrés à partir de la mi-gestation. Ce modèle a permis de montrer que la supplémentation en concentrés altérait le métabolisme glucidique maternel, la fonction placentaire ainsi que le statut ostéoarticulaire et la réponse métabolique à un challenge de surnutrition chez le poulain. D’autre part, une perte d’état trop importante associée à une qualité/quantité de foin insuffisante entrainait un retard de maturité des fonctions de métabolisme énergétique et de reproduction mâle chez les poulains. Un deuxième modèle a ensuite été développé pour étudier l’effet de la primiparité. Cette étude a confirmé que la croissance fœtale des poulains issus des juments primipares était réduite et que ces poulains demeuraient plus petits avec un métabolisme glucidique et une maturation testiculaire retardés par rapport aux poulains issus de juments multipares. Le troisième modèle développé s’est intéressé à l’effet de l’obésité maternelle dès la conception. En effet, la prévalence de surpoids et d’obésité est de plus en plus importante au sein de la filière équine. Ce dernier modèle a permis de montrer que l’obésité maternelle associée à une résistance à l’insuline et une inflammation systémique augmentées entrainait une augmentation de la résistance à l’insuline, de l’inflammation systémique et du développement de lésions d’ostéochondrose chez les poulains. L'ensemble de ces résultats met en avant la relation entre la résistance à l’insuline maternelle, l’inflammation maternelle et le développement de lésions d’ostéochondrose chez les poulains durant la croissance, mais également entre sous-nutrition utérine et retard de maturité. Ces observations vont permettre de développer de nouvelles recommandations nutritionnelles pour les poulinières
Influence du métabolisme maternel sur la fonction placentaire et la santé du poulain
No full textThe economy of the equine industry is based on the production of high performance athlete horses. The metabolism of the pregnant mare can program the development of the foal, its long-term health and therefore its athletic performance at adulthood. Many breeding practices can modify maternal metabolism, such as nutrition during pregnancy, overnutrition during the mare's productive life (overweight and obesity) and the number of foals produced by the mare (parity). The aim of this work was to study the effects of maternal metabolism during pregnancy on placental function and structure, as well as bone growth, energy metabolism, systemic inflammation and osteoarticular status in growing foals. In a first approach, mares fed with forage only during gestation were compared to mares fed forage and concentrates from mid-gestation. Supplementation with concentrates altered maternal carbohydrate metabolism and placental function. In weaned foals, the osteoarticular status and the metabolic response to an overnutrition were also affected by the use of concentrates in maternal nutrition. Conversely, mares fed forage only lost body condition, which led to a delay in the post-natal maturation in terms of energy metabolism and testicular function in foals. In a second approach, the effect of primiparity was studied. Foals born to primiparous mares were growth restricted at birth and had a long-term maturational delay in bone growth, carbohydrate metabolism and testicular function. Finally, given the current high prevalence of overweight and obesity in the equine species, the effects of maternal obesity were studied. Maternal obesity associated with increased maternal insulin resistance and systemic inflammation resulted in increased insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, and increased incidence of osteochondrosis in foals. Altogether, these results highlight the relationship between maternal insulin resistance, maternal inflammation and the development of osteochondrosis lesions in foals during growth, but also between in utero undernutrition and maturation delay. These observations will contribute to adjust nutritional recommendations to broodmares.: L’économie de la filière équine repose aujourd’hui sur la production de chevaux athlètes performants sur le long terme. Le métabolisme de la jument gestante peut programmer le développement du poulain, sa santé à long terme et donc ses performances sportives à l’âge adulte. De nombreuses pratiques d’élevage peuvent modifier le métabolisme maternel, telles que la nutrition durant la gestation, la surnutrition durant la vie de la jument (surpoids et obésité) et le nombre de poulains produits par la jument (parité). L’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier les effets du métabolisme maternel durant la gestation sur la fonction et la structure placentaire à terme, la croissance osseuse, le métabolisme énergétique, l’inflammation systémique et le statut ostéoarticulaire des poulains en croissance. Un premier modèle de perturbation nutritionnelle en fin de gestation a été développé en comparant des juments ayant ingéré uniquement des fourrages au cours de la gestation ou bien des fourrages et des concentrés à partir de la mi-gestation. Ce modèle a permis de montrer que la supplémentation en concentrés altérait le métabolisme glucidique maternel, la fonction placentaire ainsi que le statut ostéoarticulaire et la réponse métabolique à un challenge de surnutrition chez le poulain. D’autre part, une perte d’état trop importante associée à une qualité/quantité de foin insuffisante entrainait un retard de maturité des fonctions de métabolisme énergétique et de reproduction mâle chez les poulains. Un deuxième modèle a ensuite été développé pour étudier l’effet de la primiparité. Cette étude a confirmé que la croissance fœtale des poulains issus des juments primipares était réduite et que ces poulains demeuraient plus petits avec un métabolisme glucidique et une maturation testiculaire retardés par rapport aux poulains issus de juments multipares. Le troisième modèle développé s’est intéressé à l’effet de l’obésité maternelle dès la conception. En effet, la prévalence de surpoids et d’obésité est de plus en plus importante au sein de la filière équine. Ce dernier modèle a permis de montrer que l’obésité maternelle associée à une résistance à l’insuline et une inflammation systémique augmentées entrainait une augmentation de la résistance à l’insuline, de l’inflammation systémique et du développement de lésions d’ostéochondrose chez les poulains. L'ensemble de ces résultats met en avant la relation entre la résistance à l’insuline maternelle, l’inflammation maternelle et le développement de lésions d’ostéochondrose chez les poulains durant la croissance, mais également entre sous-nutrition utérine et retard de maturité. Ces observations vont permettre de développer de nouvelles recommandations nutritionnelles pour les poulinières
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