1,721,098 research outputs found
Vulnerabilità indotta dal Cyberspace sui Sistemi di Monitoraggio e Controllo
No full textFast growing integration among process and enterprise networks, the use of open
IP-based network to connect control rooms with their RTUs, and the introduction
of off-the-shelf hardware and software in the control systems, expose control
networks to cyber risks as every other IT-system. The latter, with the dangerously increasing number of cyber threats (in particular ones related to cyber-crime or cyber-terrorism), impose to pay more and more attention to cyber-related risks and to consider also this type of events in the security plans of every control system, especially ones devoted to control and manage of national critical infrastructures.
Vulnerabilità informatica dei sistemi SCADA connessi alle reti pubbliche
No full textI sistemi informatici SCADA, generalmente impiegati per il controllo ed il monitoraggio di reti di distribuzione dell’energia elettrica, del gas, o dell’acqua, oppure impiegati nella supervisione di impianti industriali, sono stati storicamente progettati come elementi autonomi ed isolati rispetto alle altre reti telematiche aziendali. Per una serie di ragioni di natura economica, sociale, organizzativa e tecnologica questo scenario è andato rapidamente modificandosi nell’ultimo decennio. I sistemi SCADA risultano, infatti, ora profondamente integrati con le altre reti informatiche aziendali al punto da risultare affetti dalle stesse vulnerabilità che caratterizzano queste ultime. Ciò impone la necessità di modificare le strategie di sicurezza iniziando a considerare, in parallelo alle minacce fisiche, anche quelle provenienti dal cyberspace. A causa della crescente rilevanza che rivestono le diverse infrastrutture per le società industrializzate, queste vulnerabilità vengono a configurarsi come un potenziale obiettivo per azioni criminose o terroristiche perpetrate sia in modo tradizionale sia tramite il cyberspace.
Emerging Risks and Energy Transition in Industrial and Port Environment
No full textThe ongoing transition towards more sustainable and renewable energy sources represents a multi-factorial process posing to socio-technological systems novel hazards, characterized by both epistemic and aleatory uncertainty. In the realm data data-driven approaches, historical data can provide knowledge by deriving from them low-dimensional features. Building on this concept, this paper proposes a comparative analysis of two methodologies for identifying influential factors in the assessment of emerging risk. The former approach is based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) integrated with a fishbone diagram, while the latter relies on gradient-boosted decision trees and feature importance, integrated into the fishbone diagram framework. The study focuses on accelerating and mitigating factors associated with accidents and near misses within the context of the energy transition, elucidating insights gained from post-accidental investigations, and covering both the technical and organizational aspects. A set of accident data was collected and utilized, covering both industrial settings and urban industrial port data. The last investigated context is of peculiar interest, considering the significant responsibility to assess emerging operational risks and mitigate potential catastrophic events, mainly connected to hazardous material handling. The paper aims to offer a nuanced understanding of the strengths and limitations of the explored approaches, contributing to attaining enhanced decision-making processes in sustainable energy transitions
Simultaneous localization and map building algorithm for real-time applications
No full textMobile robot navigation in unstructured environment is a challenging task due to the uncertain nature of the real world. Navigating using visual landmarks could be a mandatory skill together with the ability of building a
representation of the world around the robot. This mapping aptitude should be implemented as an efficient real-time task, even if a large number of elements have to be included in the map itself. To this aim, and to help in localising the robot, a promising technique is given by the Extended Kalman Filter in its interlaced version. The resulting SLAM algorithm, proposed in this paper, has a reduced computational cost preserving a good performance.
Positive consensus problem: The case of complete communication
No full textIn this chapter the positive consensus problem for homogeneous multi-agent systems is investigated, by assuming that agents are described by positive single-input and continuous-time systems, and that each agent communicates with all the other agents. Under certain conditions on the Laplacian of the communication graph, that arise only when the graph is complete, some of the main necessary conditions for the problem solvability derived in [17–19] do not hold, and this makes the problem solution more complex. In this chapter we investigate this specific problem, by providing either necessary or sufficient conditions for its solvability and by analysing some special cases
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
An approach to model complex interdependent infrastructures
No full textDeveloped countries rely on many infrastructures as energy transportation, water supply, telecommunication, etc., which are more and more mutually dependent. This phenomenon represents a new and very dangerous vulnerability: an accidental or malicious (e.g., terroristic attack) fault could spread across,
amplifying its negative consequences. This imposes to develop methodologies and tools to support decision makers and infrastructures’ stakeholders in the analysis
of these new scenarios, and in defining suitable protection strategies. To this end, in this paper, we propose an approach to model interdependent infrastructures
which, on the bases of mostly qualitative information, is able to set up a (rather sophisticated) simulator.
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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