1,721,189 research outputs found
Why do People Think Culturally When Making Decisions? Theory and Evidence
No full textEdited by Robert W. Proctor, Shimon Y. Nof, Yih Yuehwer
sj-docx-1-qjp-10.1177_17470218211037604 – Supplemental material for Effects of a neutral warning signal on spatial two-choice reactions
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-qjp-10.1177_17470218211037604 for Effects of a neutral warning signal on spatial two-choice reactions by Tianfang Han and Robert W Proctor in Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology</p
sj-docx-1-qjp-10.1177_17470218211041366 – Supplemental material for Practice and transfer with mappings of spoon tip and handle to keypress responses
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-qjp-10.1177_17470218211041366 for Practice and transfer with mappings of spoon tip and handle to keypress responses by Yaqi Xu, Aiping Xiong and Robert W Proctor in Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology</p
Reaction time distribution analysis of spatial correspondence effects
No full textSince 1994, group reaction-time (RT) distribution analyses of spatial correspondence effects
have been used to evaluate dynamics of the spatial Simon effect, a benefit of correspondence of
stimulus-location information with response location for tasks in which stimulus location is
irrelevant. We review the history and justification for analyzing group RT distributions and
clarify which conditions result in the Simon effect decreasing across the distribution and which
lead to flat or increasing functions. Although the standard left-right Simon effect typically yields
a function for which the effect decreases as RT increases, in most other task variations the Simon
effect remains stable or increases across the RT distribution. Studies that have used other means
of evaluating temporal dynamics of the Simon effect provide converging evidence that the
changes in the Simon effect across the distribution are due mainly to temporal activation
properties, an issue that has been a matter of some dispute
Mechanisms Underlying Transfer of Task-Defined Rules Across Feature Dimensions
No full textThe Simon effect can be reversed, favoring spatially noncorresponding responses, when people respond to stimulus colors (e.g., green) by pressing a key labeled with the alternative color (i.e., red). This Hedge and Marsh reversal is most often attributed to transfer of logical recoding rules from the color dimension to the location dimension. A recent study showed that this transfer of logical recoding rules can occur not only within a single task but also across two separate tasks that are intermixed. The present study investigated the conditions that determine the transfer of logical recoding rules across tasks. Experiment 1 examined whether it occurs in a transfer paradigm, that is when the two tasks are performed separately, but provided little support for this possibility. Experiment 2 investigated the role of task-set readiness, using a mixed-task paradigm with a predictable trials sequence, which indicated that there is no transfer of task-defined rules across tasks even when they are highly active during the Simon task. Finally, Experiments 3 and 4 used a mixed-task paradigm, where trials of the two tasks were mixed randomly and unpredictably, and manipulated the amount of feature overlap between tasks. Results indicated that task similarity is a determining factor for transfer of task-defined rules to occur. Overall, the study provides evidence that transfer of logical recoding rules tend to occur across two tasks when tasks are unpredictably intermixed and use stimuli that are highly similar and confusable
Influence of temporal overlap on time course of the simon effect
No full textTwo experiments are reported in which we manipulated relevant and irrelevant stimulus dimensions
to assess whether an increase in temporal overlap would influence the time course of a “standard”
Simon effect (obtained when visual stimuli are presented on the left/right of the screen and left/right
responses are performed with uncrossed hands). This procedure is new in two ways: First, the
manipulations were intended to reduce, instead of increase, the distance between conditional and
unconditional response-activation processes. Second, we manipulated the relevant and irrelevant
stimulus dimensions in a manner that did not vary stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs), precues or
go/no go trials, or alter the stimulus quality. Results were consistent with the hypothesis that when
the two response processes are shifted closer to each other, the Simon effect would be sustained
across time, instead of decreasing as typically found. These findings are discussed in line with the
temporal overlap hypothesis and with an automatic activation account
Wearable Ergonomics: Novel Integrated Solutions, Applications and Open Challenges
No full textAt present, the availability of wearable systems provides the capability of a quantitative, reliable and objective measurement of workers’ activities in ecological settings, thus without affecting the normal execution of the required tasks. The actual solutions offer the chance to integrate existing approaches used in the assessment of the work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSD) within a multi-parametric framework, which should be properly exploited, even considering the inclusion of international standards. This present perspective also means developing new methodologies to collect and analyze big datasets, to be adopted for the evaluation of the physiological parameters, physical factors and the interaction within the environment. In this light, we dealt with the design and development of an integrated framework for the analysis of WRMSD and related risk exposure addressing complex working activities. A new set of technologies and novel methodological approaches were faced in the different scenarios, including large scale retail distribution, health, and industrial applications. This chapter aims at providing a short overview of the current situation and designing perspectives in technological evolution and methodology enhancement and giving a brief perspective on the most recent applications
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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