1,721,214 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Aerosol-generating procedures
No full text44 p.ill.,Rapid literature review to list the medical procedures that disperse aerosols (contaminating droplets). Identification of the procedures with the highest risk of transmission of a respiratory pathogen. This document helps determine which healthcare providers should as a priority wear masks.MAIN REPORT 3 -- 1 PROBLEM DESCRIPTION 3 -- 1.1 Background 3 -- 1.2 Belgian situation 3 -- 2 OBJECTIVE 3 -- 3 METHODS 4 -- 4 RESULTS 5 -- 5 RISK OF AEROSOL-GENERATING PROCEDURES 16 -- APPENDICES 18 -- APPENDIX 1. SEARCH STRATEGY 18 -- APPENDIX 2. RECOMMENDED PPE DURING THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK 32 -- APPENDIX 3. RISK OF TRANSMISSION - SUMMARY REVIEW (TRAN) 37 -- REFERENCES 4
Association between physician density and health care consumption : a systematic review of the evidence
No full text121-34BACKGROUND: Supplier-induced demand (SID) for health care could be a crucial factor of rising health expenditures. However, there is thus far no consensus on the topic.
OBJECTIVE: To assess how physician density (physician-to-population ratio) and health care consumption correlate.
METHODS: A systematic review of studies retrieved through electronic databases: Medline, Econlit, PsychINFO and Embase. Search, inclusion and quality appraisal were based on standard procedures and applied independently by two researchers.
RESULTS: Twenty-five studies, generally of moderate quality, were included. Despite a substantial heterogeneity in study design and data modelling, a significant association between physician density and health care consumption was consistently observed. However, estimates varied according to a number of method parameters such as the definition of the dependent variable (physician volume or care intensity), the geographical entity or the medical specialty under consideration, and the adjustment for confounding factors.
CONCLUSIONS: The exact importance of SID and the underlying motivations remain poorly understood. We discuss technical issues for better SID assessment. In the absence of more accurate information, limiting physician supply as a measure of cost containment should also be considered cautiously
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Blood-based biomarkers to rule out cerebral lesions in mild traumatic brain injuries
No full text111 p.ill.,SCIENTIFIC REPORT 7 -- 1 INTRODUCTION 7 -- 1.1 THE PUBLIC HEALTH IMPORTANCE OF MILD TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURIES 7 -- 1.1.1 Definition of mTBI 7 -- 1.1.2 Incidence of mTBI 7 -- 1.1.3 Consequences of mTBI 8 -- 1.2 CURRENT DIAGNOSIS OF MTBI 8 -- 1.2.1 Clinical Head Rules in adults 9 -- 1.2.2 Clinical Head Rules in children 12 -- 1.3 THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF GFAP AND UCH-L1 IN RULING OUT CEREBRAL LESIONS IN MTBI 15 -- 1.3.1 Potential role 15 -- 1.3.2 Dosage of GFAP and UCH-L1 17 -- 2 SCOPE AND AIM 18 -- 2.1 SCOPE 18 -- 2.2 AIM OF THIS RESEARCH 18 -- 3 PERFORMANCE OF BIOMARKERS TO RULE OUT CEREBRAL LESIONS IN MTBI PATIENTS 19 -- 3.1 METHODS 19 -- 3.1.1 Studies selection 19 -- 3.1.2 Data analysis 21 -- 3.2 RESULTS 21 -- 3.2.1 Identification and characteristics of included studies 21 -- 3.2.2 Quality appraisal of included studies 38 -- 3.2.3 Meta-analysis 43 -- 3.2.4 On-going studies 63 -- 3.3 DISCUSSION 64 -- 4 ECONOMIC STUDIES EVALUATING THE USE OF BIOMARKERS IN MTBI 66 -- 4.1 METHODS 66 -- 4.1.1 Search strategy 66 -- 4.1.2 Selection procedure 67 -- 4.1.3 Selection criteria 67 -- 4.1.4 Data analysis: 68 -- 4.2 RESULTS 68 -- 4.2.1 Overview of economic evaluations 69 -- 4.2.2 Type of economic evaluation 69 -- 4.2.3 Time frame of analyses and discounting 69 -- 4.2.4 Perspective and population 69 -- 4.2.5 Intervention and comparator 70 -- 4.2.6 Cost and outcome inputs 70 -- 4.2.7 Modelling 72 -- 4.2.8 Reductions in CT scans and potential savings 72 -- 4.2.9 Sensitivity analysis 74 -- 4.2.10 Conflict of interest 76 -- 4.3 CONCLUSION 76 -- 4.4 DISCUSSION 76 4.4.1 Perspective of the evaluations 76 -- 4.4.2 Target population for biomarker use in mTBI 76 -- 4.4.3 Challenges in biomarker use implementation 77 -- 4.4.4 Effectiveness versus CT scans in economic evaluations 77 -- 4.4.5 Comparison between the two European countries 77 -- 4.4.6 Healthcare Tariffs and Cost Inputs 77 -- 4.4.7 Biomarker Test Costs 78 -- 4.4.8 Impact on CT Scan Utilisation. 78 -- 4.4.9 Relevance to Belgian Practice 78 -- 5 GUIDELINES AND RECOMMENDATIONS CONSIDERING BLOOD-BASED BIOMARKERS IN EUROPE 79 -- 5.1.1 Clinical Context and Rationale for Biomarker Use 80 -- 5.2.1 The NICE guidelines 80 -- 5.2.2 The French guidelines 80 -- 5.2.3 The Scandinavian Neurotrauma Committee guidelines 81 -- 5.3.1 The Spanish recommendations 82 -- 5.3.2 European consensus paper 82 -- 6 MANAGEMENT OF MILD TBI IN BELGIUM 86 -- 6.1 METHODS 87 -- 6.2 RESULTS 87 -- 6.2.1 Target population: 88 -- 6.2.2 Current diagnosis of mTBI in the ED in Belgium 88 -- 6.2.3 Perceptions and (potential) use of blood-based biomarkers 91 -- 6.3 CONCLUSION 92 -- 6.4 DISCUSSION 93 -- 7 CT SCAN REDUCTION IN THE BELGIAN CONTEXT 94 -- 7.1 INTRODUCTION 94 -- 7.2 METHODS 94 -- 7.3 ESTIMATIONS FOR BASE CASE SCENARIO 95 -- 7.4 BASE CASE RESULTS 96 -- 7.5 COSTS LINKED TO THE ADOPTION OF GFAP+UCH-L1 IN THE ED IN BELGIUM 97 -- 7.6 SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS 97 -- 7.7 CONCLUSIONS 98 -- 7.8 DISCUSSION 98 -- 8 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 98 -- 8.1 DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE 99 -- 8.2 ECONOMIC AND IMPLEMENTATION EVIDENCE 99 -- 8.3 EUROPEAN RECOMMENDATIONS 100 -- 8.4 INSIGHTS FROM BELGIAN PRACTICE 100 -- 8.5 OUTLOOK AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS 100 -- REFERENCES 10
Interspinous implants and pedicle screws for dynamic stabilization of lumbar spine: Rapid assessment
No full textv, 134 p.ill
Blood-based biomarkers to rule out cerUtilisation de biomarqueurs sanguins pour exclure une lésion cérébrale après un traumatisme crânien légerebral lesions in mild traumatic brain injuries : Synthèse
No full text16 p.ill.,Une bonne évaluation des patients qui se présentent aux urgences après un traumatisme crânien léger est absolument cruciale pour s’assurer qu’ils ne présentent pas de lésion cérébrale. Même si ce cas de figure est rare, l’évaluation dans notre pays repose souvent sur un scanner, un examen d’imagerie qui expose les patients aux rayons X et a un coût non négligeable. Heureusement, des outils décisionnels validés (« algorithmes cliniques ») permettent de réaliser un premier tri sur la base des symptômes et des caractéristiques du patient, et d’éviter ainsi une partie des scanners inutiles. Des tests sanguins pourraient réduire encore plus le recours à l’imagerie. Dans cette nouvelle étude, le Centre Fédéral d’Expertise des Soins de Santé (KCE) s’intéresse à la performance d’un nouveau test de ce type et à son potentiel concret dans le contexte belge. Conclusion ? Le test fonctionne bien pour exclure la présence d’une lésion cérébrale. Il n’est toutefois officiellement autorisé qu’en complément de l’évaluation clinique, pas comme outil isolé. C’est également indispensable si l’on veut qu’il ait une valeur ajoutée en termes de réduction des scanners L’adoption d’un algorithme est donc un prérequis indispensable à l’intégration de ce test sanguin dans la pratique clinique en Belgique.SYNTHÈSE 3 -- 1.1 LES TRAUMATISMES CRÂNIENS LÉGERS 3 -- 1.1.1 Définition et classification 3 -- 1.1.2 Incidence 3 -- 1.1.3 Impact des traumatismes crâniens légers 4 -- 1.2 DIAGNOSTIC DES TRAUMATISMES CRÂNIENS LÉGERS 4 -- 1.3 LA PLACE POTENTIELLE DES BIOMARQUEURS 5 -- 1.3.1 La protéine S100β 5 -- 1.3.2 GFAP + UCH-L1 5 3 -- 1 GFAP + UCH-L1 6 -- 3.2 GFAP SEULE ET UCH-L1 SEULE 7 -- 4.1 RÉSULTATS 7 -- 4.2 LIMITATIONS 7 -- 6.1 UNE POPULATION TRÈS VARIABLE, ET PAS TOUJOURS BIEN CONNUE 8 -- 6.2 CT OR NOT CT ? 9 -- 6.3 LES BIOMARQUEURS MAL CONNUS ET PEU UTILISÉS 9 -- 6.4 QUELLES CONDITIONS ? 9 -- RECOMMANDATIONS 1
Rapid assessment van interspinale implantaten en pedikelschroeven voor dynamische stabilisatie van de lumbale wervelkolom
No full textvii, 134 p.ill
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