1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
A risk assessment profile and Diet Quality Index for inadequate choline intake in pregnant women in Bloemfontein, South Africa
No full textPregnancy is a period of rapid tissue development. These metabolic processes require additional nutrients to ultimately support the normal growth and development of the foetus. A specific nutrient that is the focus of recent investigations, especially related to the functions thereof for optimal foetal development, is choline. Choline is required in higher amounts during pregnancy. Adequate choline intake contributes to a higher diet quality in general and in turn, a high-quality diet can contribute to optimal short- and long-term pregnancy outcomes. The main aim of the study was to determine choline intake and related factors and to compile a risk assessment profile and diet quality index (DQI) for inadequate choline intake in pregnant women in Bloemfontein, South Africa. In order to reach the aim of the study, the following information was collected from 682 pregnant women (median age of 31.8 years; median gestational age of 32.0 weeks) attending the high-risk antenatal clinic at Pelonomi Regional Hospital: socio-demographic and household information; reported health and lifestyle; dietary intake; pregnancy history; anthropometry and household food security. Choline intake was quantified by matching choline intake from foods included in the quantified food frequency questionnaire (QFFQ) to foods in the USDA Database for the Choline Content of Common Foods (Release 2), after which individual choline intake of each participant was calculated. Median daily choline intake was 275.0 mg (interquartile range 184.7 mg – 386.7 mg). Most participants (84.7%) consumed less than the adequate intake level of 450 mg/day for choline. Lower egg and dairy intakes were significantly associated with inadequate choline intake (p<0.0001 and p=0.0002 respectively). Out of the 247 participants who did not consume any eggs, only five (2.0%) consumed an adequate amount of choline. No participant who did not consume any dairy products managed to consume an adequate amount of choline. Regarding socio-demographic variables and household food security, more than half of participants were unmarried (56.5%) and unemployed (52.5%). Sociodemographic indicators that were univariately significantly associated with an inadequate choline intake included a higher household density ratio (p=0.0485), no access to own flush toilet at home (p=0.0059), not owning a refrigerator (p=0.0483) or microwave (p=0.0225), as well as a lower level of education (p=0.0449). One-third of participants were severely food insecure (29.9%), and although not statistically significant, choline intake decreased with higher levels of food insecurity. Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio for having inadequate choline intake was 0.55 for participants who owned a microwave compared to participants who did not. Participants with primary school education versus tertiary education had a higher odds of an inadequate choline intake (odds ratio 4.09); those having a school grade 8-10 versus tertiary education had higher odds of inadequate choline intake (odds ratio 2.12); and those having a grade 11-12 versus tertiary education had higher odds of inadequate choline intake (odds ratio 1.37). Regarding reported health and lifestyle, the majority of participants were either overweight or obese (69.3%). Almost one in ten participants (9.0%) consumed alcohol and 6.2% smoked while pregnant. Hypertension (23.0%) and sexually transmitted diseases (18.5%) were among the most common current diagnoses. Univariate analysis showed that participants without hypertension and those using anti-retroviral medications (thus HIV-infected), were more likely to consume inadequate amounts of choline (p=0.0424 and p=0.0112 respectively). When an established diet quality index, the Diet Quality Index Adapted for Pregnant Women (IQDAG), was applied to the sample, the median final IQDAG score was found to be 69 out of a maximum of 100 points (interquartile range of 63 – 74 points) (N = 680). Almost all participants (94.9%) in the first tertile of IQDAG score consumed below adequate levels (AI) of choline, compared to 78.3% of participants in the second tertile and 80.2% of participants in the third tertile. Differences in the choline intake between the tertiles of final IQDAG scores were significant (P<0.0001). In order to compile the risk assessment profile for inadequate choline intake, logistic regression with backward selection (p < 0.05) was used to select significant independent factors associated with choline intake from those identified in theme-specific logistic regressions. In this sample the odds ratio of inadequate choline intake was 43.61 for participants with no egg intake compared to participants who consumed ≥ 5 eggs per week. The odds ratio for having inadequate choline intake was 2.73 for participants with a daily dairy intake of < 250 g compared to participants who consumed ≥ 250 g. The odds of consuming an inadequate choline intake were lower for participants that were not using ART compared to those using antiretroviral therapy (ART) (thus HIV-infected) with an odds ratio of 0.51. The odds ratio of consuming inadequate choline was 3.38 for participants with the lowest tertile diet quality scores compared to participants with the highest tertile diet quality scores. In order to develop a DQI for use in pregnancy among South African women, a systematic review of the literature was performed to identify currently available DQIs used in pregnancy. The methodology of development and use of components were summarised to provide an overview of identified DQIs. The review identified nine DQIs, of which none were developed using dietary guidelines or data from African countries. Additionally, none of the DQIs specifically included choline or foods that are very high in choline (e.g., eggs and liver) as components. Using the South African Food Based Dietary Guidelines, the Guidelines for Maternity Care in South Africa and other international dietary guidelines and recommendations, the South African Diet Quality Index for Pregnant Women in South Africa (SA-DQI-P) was developed. Egg and dairy intake were incorporated as separate components; thus this tool can be used as an estimate of diet quality, while simultaneously providing an indication of choline intake in pregnant South African women
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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