1,720,979 research outputs found
Progettare e condurre interventi didattici,
No full textL’insegnante è un professionista che opera a partire dall’elaborazione di un progetto e il livello di competenza posseduto in questo campo si collega significativamente alla qualità nella conduzione dei processi didattici con gli allievi. La dimensione teorica e pratica connessa alla progettazione didattica è il nodo centrale affrontato dal volume. A partire da una definizione della didattica come scienza e come azione organizzata, si procede alla definizione dei modelli di progettazione che la ricerca del settore offre. Il punto di approdo a cui tende la riflessione è la figura dell’insegnante inteso come professionista competente, esperto e soggetto in ricerca pienamente coinvolto nelle dinamiche di una organizzazione scolastica necessariamente attenta ai processi di miglioramento continuo
Original but of low value : the paradox of science-industry collaborative patents
No full textThis article presents a comprehensive analysis of science-industry collaborative patents filed between 1978 and 2015 (granted up to 2020) at the European Patent Office (EPO) in four major European countries (Germany, France, Italy, and the UK) and in the US.
We focus on three dimensions regarding patent quality: the knowledge base, the technological impact, and the economic value. Our findings reveal that, on average, science-industry collaborative patents demonstrate higher levels of sophistication and originality than other industry patents. However, they tend to have a similar impact and, depending on the measures considered, an economic value that is either comparable or lower. Furthermore, if we look at the experience of private companies when collaborating with academic institutions, we observe that more experienced collaborations tend to yield patents that are slightly less sophisticated and impactful, but which possess higher economic value. We discuss various potential explanations for these findings and their implications for future research
Fractional-Order Thermal Energy Transport for Small-Scale Engineering Devices
No full textFractional-order thermodynamics has proved to be an efficient tool to describe several small-scale and/or high-frequency thermodynamic processes, as shown in many engineering and physics applications. The main idea beyond fractional-order physics and engineering relies on replacing the integer-order operators of classical differential calculus with their real-order counterparts. In this study, the authors aim to extend a recently proposed physical picture of fractional-order thermodynamics to a generic 3D rigid heat conductor where the thermal energy transfer is due to two phenomena: a short-range heat flux ruled by stationary and nonstationary transport equations, and a long-range thermal energy transport representing a ballistic effects among thermal energy propagators. Thermodynamic consistency of the model is investigated introducing the state function of the temperature field, namely the entropy, and obtaining the thermodynamic restrictions on the signs of the coefficients involved in the proposed model of fractional-order thermodynamics. Finally, numerical applications are presented for both 1D and 2D rigid bodies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The division of labour between academia and industry for the generation of radical inventions
No full textThe paper investigates the relationship between public research and radical technological development. This study draws on the theory of recombinant innovation and builds on two newly developed indicators of novelty that proxy different forms of radicalness, to analyse UK patents filed at the European Patent Office. It assesses whether the proximity of the invention to public research is related to a higher probability of the invention being radical. The results show that, depending on the type of novelty embodied by the radical invention (novelty in recombination or novelty in technological origin), different forms of public research output (proprietary output or open science) relate to the radicalness of invention in different ways. Moreover, these relationships are highly heterogeneous among technological sectors, and most of the proximity between codified public research and radical inventions occurs in the chemistry technology field. We provide some implications for policy
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