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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Efeitos das mudanças climáticas e do uso da terra nos componentes do balanço hídrico da bacia do rio Xingu, sudeste amazônico
No full textIn the southern of the Amazon basin, extensive deforestation associated with global climate change have impacted the regional water cycle. Predictions indicate that future alteration might cause even higher pressure over regional water resources. The goal of this study was to perform a detailed evaluation of past changes in the water resources of the upper Xingu basin, a region which is broadly representative of southern Amazon. The evaluation consisted of characterizing alterations in medium and long-term time series of rainfall, river discharge, evapotranspiration and total water storage change. The study employed not only in situ measurements, but also remotely sensed data. Remote sensing products including rainfall, evapotranspiration and water storage change were employed in the evaluation of the regional water balance. A thirteen years\' time series derived from RS products was submitted to a trend analysis, to detect significant variations in the water balance. Furthermore, uncertainties in each remote sensing product were retrieved, mostly comparing in situ measurements with RS estimates. To describe limitations of such products to evaluate the regional water balance, river discharge was calculated as the residual of the water balance. Later on, the estimated river discharge was compared to in situ measurements and uncertainties in the water balance were defined. The analysis of long-term alterations considered in situ measurements of rainfall and river discharge, from the period of 1976-2015. In this case, a group of hydro-climatological indicators was derived and then submitted to Mann-Kendall and Petit test. Due to the relevance of forest cover on river flow regulation, land use changes (LUC) were mapped every five years from 1985 to 2015. LUC results were then compared to the hydro-climatological data, to identify similarities in changing patterns. The evaluation of water balance components based on remote sensing products described fairly well the spatial variability in the study site. The uncertainties in P, ET and TWSC products corresponded to 41, 25 and 18 mm month-1, respectively. Due to these uncertainties, it was not possible to perform the water balance closure based on RS data. No significant changes were observed in the time series derived from these products. Contrastingly, the evaluation of a 40-years\' time series presented a decrease of 245 mm in rainfall, with intensity and number of rainy events being reduced. This phenomenon is most likely resultant from two process, the reduction in water recycling due to deforestation, as well as the Pacific Ocean decadal oscillation, which influences the large-scale atmospheric circulation. Although deforestation tends to increase river discharge, the reduction in rainfall in the Upper Xingu Basin was high enough to mask this effect.O desmatamento em larga escala na região sul da bacia amazônica brasileira, associado às mudanças climáticas globais, tem impactado o ciclo hidrológico regional. Previsões futuras indicam uma pressão ainda maior sobre os recursos hídricos regionais. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma avaliação detalhada das possíveis alterações nos recursos hídricos da bacia do Alto Xingu, uma região extremamente representativa do sul da Amazônia. Para tanto, foram empregadas séries temporais de longa e média duração, correspondentes à precipitação (P), vazão (Q), evapotranspiração (ET) e variação do armazenamento de água (TWSC). O estudo empregou medições in situ, bem como dados de sensoriamento remoto (SR). As estimativas de sensoriamento remoto foram empregadas na avaliação do balanço hídrico regional. As séries temporais de treze anos derivadas de produtos de SR foram submetidas a uma análise de tendência, com o objetivo de detectar variações significativas nos componentes do balanço hídrico. Além disso, as incertezas em cada produto foram obtidas comparando-se medições in situ com as estimativas de SR. Com o objetivo de descrever as limitações de tais produtos para a realização do balanço hídrico regional, a vazão do rio Xingu foi estimada com base na fórmula do balanço hídrico. Posteriormente, tal estimativa foi comparada com as medições in situ, gerando um indicativo da incerteza no fechamento do balanço hídrico. Já a análise das alterações a longo prazo considerou as medidas in situ da precipitação e vazão, no período de 1976-2015. Neste caso, um grupo de indicadores hidro-climatológicos foi calculado e posteriormente submetido aos testes de Mann-Kendall e Pettit. Devido à relevância das florestas na regulação da vazão dos rios, as mudanças no uso e ocupação da terra foram mapeadas a cada cinco anos, durante 1985-2015. Os resultados foram comparados aos dados hidro-climatológicos, buscando assim semelhanças nos padrões de alteração. Os produtos de sensoriamento remoto descreveram razoavelmente bem a variabilidade espacial dos componentes do balanço hídrico. As incertezas nas estimativas de P, ET e TWSC corresponderam a 41, 25 e 18 mm mês-1. Devido a incertezas nos produtos de SR, não foi possível realizar o fechamento do balanço hídrico. Com relação as séries temporais derivadas dos dados de SR, nenhuma mudança significativa foi observada. Por outro lado, a avaliação das séries temporais de longa duração, apresentaram diminuição de 245 mm na precipitação, com as chuvas tendo intensidade e número de eventos reduzidos. Este fenômeno é provavelmente resultante de dois processos, sendo um deles a redução na ciclagem da água devido ao desmatamento. O segundo corresponde a oscilação decadal na temperatura da superfície do Oceano Pacífico, a qual influencia a circulação atmosférica em grande escala. Embora o desmatamento cause aumento na vazão do rio, a redução da precipitação na Bacia do Alto Xingu foi suficientemente alta para mascarar esse efeito. Os dados aqui apresentados não só apresentam um diagnóstico sobre os recursos hidrícos do Alto Xingu, como também são extremamente relevantes para a compreensão da interação entre a paisagem e os componentes do balanço hídrico
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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