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Atenção e acesso à saúde de pessoas surdas: um estudo fenomenológico
Full text linkHighlights
Deaf individuals who use the Chilean health care system report difficulties throughout the entire care process, having to employ different methods to communicate.
The health care of deaf individuals must be assisted via video calls by third parties—whether family members, acquaintances, or coworkers—who are required to act as interpreters.
Ongoing environmental barriers have led users to experience a range of emotions, such as anger, sadness, and a sense of detriment and impunity.
Participants express a feeling of uncertainty due to their dependence on others to navigate the health care context.
Introduction: In Chile, access to health care for deaf individuals faces communication and legal barriers. Objective: To reveal the experiences of deaf people from a southern province of Chile regarding their health care access between February 2022 and February 2023. Materials and Methods: A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted with deaf individuals who had accessed health services in the past year. Semi-structured personal interviews were conducted with the support of Chilean Sign Language interpreters. Results: Participants aged 24 to 30 reported communication difficulties with health personnel, exacerbated by the lack of interpreters or facilitators trained in sign language, forcing them to rely on third parties and technological aids. Discussion: The barriers identified in health care access align with existing literature; however, the limited number of studies on the Chilean context restricts local comparisons. Conclusions: The findings highlight access barriers and issues in health care delivery, impacting care quality. Key challenges include improving physical spaces, communication strategies, health literacy, training, and culturally competent care.
How to cite this article: Minte-Valderrama Daniel, Silva-Zurita Valentina, Alvarado-Salfate Camila, Villa-Velásquez Jenifer, Valencia-Contrera Miguel, Rivera-Rojas Flérida. Healthcare attention and access for deaf individuals: a phenomenological study. Revista Cuidarte. 2025;16(3):e4665. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.4665Highlights
Las personas sordas usuarias del servicio de salud chileno relatan dificultades en todo el proceso de atención en el servicio asistencial, debiendo utilizar diferentes formas para comunicarse.
Las atenciones de las personas sordas deben ser asistidas mediante videollamada por terceras personas, ya sean familiares, conocidos o compañeros de trabajo, los que deben ejercer la función de intérprete.
Las constantes barreras del entorno han generado en los usuarios diversas experiencias, tales como rabia, tristeza y sensación de menoscabo e impunidad.
Los participantes manifiestan una sensación de incertidumbre debido a la dependencia de otras personas para desenvolverse en el contexto sanitario.
Introducción: En Chile, el acceso a la salud de personas sordas enfrenta barreras comunicacionales y legales. Objetivo: Develar las vivencias de personas sordas pertenecientes a una provincia del sur de Chile, respecto a la atención y acceso a los servicios de salud entre los meses de febrero 2022 y febrero del 2023. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cualitativo fenomenológico, en personas sordas que acudieron a un servicio de salud en el último año. Se realizaron entrevistas personales semiestructuradas, con el acompañamiento de intérpretes en lengua de señas chilena. Resultados: Los participantes tenían entre 24 y 30 años, quienes mencionaron dificultades comunicativas con el personal de salud, acrecentadas por la falta de intérpretes o facilitadores capacitados en lengua de señas, siendo forzados a solicitar ayuda de terceros y apoyos tecnológicos. Discusión: Las barreras identificadas en la atención y el acceso a la salud de las personas son coincidentes con el estado del arte, sin embargo, debido al escaso número de estudios realizados en la realidad chilena, es limitada la comparación local de los hallazgos. Conclusiones: Las vivencias relevan barreras en el acceso y problemas en la atención en salud, lo que repercute en la calidad del cuidado, destacando desafíos relacionados a la mejora de espacios físicos y de encuentro, estrategias de comunicación y atención, alfabetización, capacitación y cuidados culturalmente competentes.
Como citar este artículo: Minte-Valderrama Daniel, Silva-Zurita Valentina, Alvarado-Salfate Camila, Villa-Velásquez Jenifer, Valencia-Contrera Miguel, Rivera-Rojas Flérida. Atención y acceso a salud de personas sordas: un estudio fenomenológico. Revista Cuidarte. 2025;16(3):e4665. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.4665Introdução: No Chile, o acesso à saúde para surdos enfrenta barreiras legais e de comunicação. Objetivo: Revelar as experiências de surdos em uma província do sul do Chile em relação aos cuidados de saúde e ao acesso aos serviços entre fevereiro de 2022 e fevereiro de 2023. Materiais e Métodos: Um estudo qualitativo fenomenológico foi conduzido com surdos que frequentaram um serviço de saúde no último ano. Entrevistas pessoais semiestruturadas foram realizadas com o auxílio de intérpretes de Língua de Sinais Chilena. Resultados: Os participantes tinham entre 24 e 30 anos e relataram dificuldades de comunicação com os profissionais de saúde, agravadas pela falta de intérpretes ou facilitadores treinados em língua de sinais, forçando-os a buscar ajuda de terceiros e suporte tecnológico. Discussão: As barreiras identificadas aos cuidados de saúde e ao acesso para os indivíduos são consistentes com o estado da arte; no entanto, devido ao número limitado de estudos realizados no Chile, as comparações locais dos resultados são limitadas. Conclusões: As experiências revelam barreiras de acesso e problemas na assistência à saúde, que impactam a qualidade do atendimento, destacando desafios relacionados à melhoria dos espaços físicos e de reunião, estratégias de comunicação e cuidado, alfabetização, treinamento e atendimento culturalmente competente.
Como citar este artigo: Minte-Valderrama Daniel, Silva-Zurita Valentina, Alvarado-Salfate Camila, Villa-Velásquez Jenifer, Valencia-Contrera Miguel, Rivera-Rojas Flérida. Atención y acceso a salud de personas sordas: un estudio fenomenológico. Revista Cuidarte. 2025;16(3):e4665. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.466
Calidad de vida relacionada con salud y la percepción de riesgos psicosociales y satisfacción laboral en trabajadores/as de oncología y cuidados paliativos
No full textTesis para optar al grado de Magíster en EnfermeríaIntroducción: Los/as trabajadores/as sanitarios oncológicos/as, podrían estar expuestos a
factores de riesgos psicosociales y carga mental de trabajo, influyendo en su calidad de
vida relacionado con salud y satisfacción laboral, por las características de su quehacer
como cuidar pacientes con largos y difícil tratamiento, asociado a factores
organizacionales, ambientales y sociales. Estas situaciones podrían generar impacto en la
atención entregada, como en la salud de los/as trabajadores/as sanitarios/as.
Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con salud, riesgo psicosocial, carga
mental de trabajo y satisfacción laboral que perciben los/as trabajadores/as que se
desempeñan en Unidades Oncológicas y Cuidados Paliativos en la VII región, Chile.
Sujetos y método: Diseño cuantitativo con diseño correlacional, trasversal, no
experimental. La población de estudio fueron los/as 87 trabajadores/as sanitarios que
laboran en unidades oncológicas y cuidados paliativos de hospitales de la Región del
Maule. Para la recolección de los datos, se utilizó a) antecedentes biosociodemográficos
b) el cuestionario SF-36 v2, calidad de vida relacionada con salud validado y
estandarizado para Chile con un α de 0.79 c) SUSESO-ISTAS 21, riesgos psicosociales,
adaptado, validado y estandarizado para Chile por la Superintendencia de Salud d)
ESCAM, escala de carga mental validado en Chile con un α de 0,73; e) S20/23, para
satisfacción laboral, validado en Chile con α de 0.92. Para el análisis estadístico
descriptivo e inferencial se utilizó el software SPSS versión 15.0. El proyecto contó con
la autorización del comité de ética de Universidad Católica del Maule y Comité de ética
del Servicio de Salud del Maule. La investigación, contempló los principios de E.
Emmanuel.
Resultados: La percepción de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y satisfacción
laboral es inversamente proporcional a factores de riesgos psicosocial y carga mental en
trabajo
A definition proposal for psychosocial risks at work
No full textBackground: In 1984, the joint WHO/ILO committee, postulated a definition of psychosocial risks at work, responding to a need in a specific context. However, with the evolution of the working and personal conditions of workers, this definition is progressively considered to be insolvent, ambiguous, with false breadth and omissions. Aim: To analyze the concept of "psychosocial risk at work" and to establish a clear definition based on evidence from the existing literature. Material and Methods: An analysis of the concept, based on Walker
and Avant's proposal was carried out. It encompasses eight steps, namely the selection of the concept, determination of the objectives or purposes of the analysis, identification of all possible uses of the concept, determination of defining attributes, identification of a model case, identification of borderline
cases, identification of background and consequences and definition of empirical references. Results: The defining attributes of the construct are quantity, rhythm, complexity, content, control, diversity, schedule, flexibility or meaning of the work, perceived as inappropriate by the worker. Also, preoccupation associated with domestic chores and attention to the needs of others, lack of clarity about the role in the job position, deficient personal and professional development of the worker, adverse work environment, organizational aspects
that harm the worker, technological demands incompatible with the worker's capabilities and needs and finally, inadequate social relations at work. Conclusions: The construct background is grouped into elements attributed to the worker and attributed to the labor. The concept attributes were organized into
eight dimensions, and the consequences were classified as the personal effects on the worker and those associated with the labor
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Nursing as the backbone of health care systems
No full textIndexación: ScopusEnfermería corresponde al grupo ocupacional más numeroso del sector de la salud, representando aproximadamente el 59 % de las profesiones sanitarias, lo que proporciona grandes beneficios para la salud mundial; sin embargo, el panorama para enfermería no está exento de dificultades, pues corresponde a un estamento que no desarrolla su quehacer en am-bientes óptimos, muchas veces tiene que desarrollarse con escaso apoyo de los gobiernos y no tiene el reconocimiento que se merece. Esta reflexión responde al objetivo de relevar la importancia de enfermería en los siste-mas de salud, y a su vez, exponer los principales desafíos pendientes para el fortalecimiento de la salud pública. Se han descrito copiosos beneficios asociados a la atención de enfermería, contribuyendo al logro de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible, en los que enfermería desempeña un rol protagónico en el proceso; sin embargo, las políticas de los países deben desarrollar estrategias para promover su desarrollo, como lo es la enfermería de práctica avanzada; por otro lado, las enfermeras líderes deben concen-trar los esfuerzos en estimular a los gobiernos y autoridades a trabajar de manera manco-munada en las mejoras de las condiciones laborales de enfermería. Los autores de nuestro tiempo destacan la necesidad de un trabajo colaborativo interdisciplinario para el logro de las necesidades de la poblaciónNursing is the largest occupational group in the health sector, representing approximately 59 % of the health professions, which provides great benefits for global health, however, the outlook for nursing is not without difficulties, as it is a profession that does not deve-lop its work in optimal environments, often must develop with little support from gover-nments and does not have the recognition it deserves. The present reflection responds to the objective of highlighting the importance of nursing in health systems, and at the same time, to expose the main pending challenges for the strengthening of public health. Co-pious benefits associated with nursing care have been described, contributing to the achie-vement of the sustainable development objectives, where nursing plays a leading role in the process, however, the policies of the countries should develop strategies to promote its development, such as advanced practice nursing, on the other hand, nurse leaders should concentrate their efforts to encourage governments and authorities to work together to improve the working conditions of nurses; the present authors highlight the need for inter-disciplinary collaborative work to achieve the needs of the population
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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