2,230 research outputs found
RitchieOpenPracticesDisclosure – Supplemental material for How Much Does Education Improve Intelligence? A Meta-Analysis
No full textSupplemental material, RitchieOpenPracticesDisclosure for How Much Does Education Improve Intelligence? A Meta-Analysis by Stuart J. Ritchie and Elliot M. Tucker-Drob in Psychological Science</p
RitchieSupplementalMaterial – Supplemental material for How Much Does Education Improve Intelligence? A Meta-Analysis
No full textSupplemental material, RitchieSupplementalMaterial for How Much Does Education Improve Intelligence? A Meta-Analysis by Stuart J. Ritchie and Elliot M. Tucker-Drob in Psychological Science</p
Education and Intelligence Meta-Analysis
No full textData, codebooks, scripts (Mplus and R), outputs, and other files associated with the manuscript "How Much Does Education Improve Intelligence? A Meta-analysis" (Stuart J. Ritchie and Elliot M. Tucker-Drob). A brief description of each of the files here can be found in the Supplementary Material document associated with the manuscript
Education and Intelligence Meta-Analysis
No full textData, codebooks, scripts (Mplus and R), outputs, and other files associated with the manuscript "How Much Does Education Improve Intelligence? A Meta-analysis" (Stuart J. Ritchie and Elliot M. Tucker-Drob). A brief description of each of the files here can be found in the Supplementary Material document associated with the manuscript
No. 617 Stuart Ruckman
No full textTranscript (12, 40 pages) of two interviews by Matt Driscoll with Stuart Ruckman on April 9, 2010, and July 7, 2011Ruckman (b. 1966) was born in Salt Lake City, Utah. Stuart shares how his family, particularly his father, played a significant role in introducing him to the outdoors. Some of his initial explorations included a hike to the top of Mount Olympus when he was five years old, backpacking trips in the Wasatch and Uinta Mountains, and a successful summit attempt on the Grand Teton when he was twelve. Stuart discovered technical rock climbing due to the influence of his older brother Bret, five years Stuart\u27s senior. Bret learned under Dennis Turville, a well-respected Salt Lake climbing instructor. Stuart shares his observations on the Salt Lake climbing community of the late 1970s and 1980s, noting the intimacy of the community, while also pointing out the significant influence of a handful of climbers, including Merrill Bitter, Les Ellison, and Brian Smoot. He briefly describes the proliferation of new-route development in the Wasatch during his first decade in climbing. In collaboration with his brother Bret, Stuart published comprehensive guidebooks on climbing in the Wasatch Mountains. Stuart\u27s contributions as a first-ascensionist and co-author of Rock Climbing the Wasatch Range attest to his lasting impact on Utah climbing. Interview is part of the Outdoor Recreation History Project. Interviewer: Matt Driscol
Physical frailty and decline in general and specific cognitive abilities:The Lothian Birth Cohort 1936
Full text linkBackground: Physical frailty is associated with many adverse outcomes including disability, chronic disease, hospitalization, institutionalization and death. It is unclear what impact it might have on the rate of normal cognitive ageing. We investigated whether physical frailty was related to initial level of, and change in, cognitive abilities from age 70 to 79 years. Method: Participants were 950 members of the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936. Physical frailty was assessed at age 70 using the Fried criteria. Cognitive function was assessed at ages 70, 73, 76 and 79. We used linear regression to examine cross-sectional and prospective associations between physical frailty status at age 70 and factor score estimates for baseline level of and change in four cognitive domains (visuospatial ability, memory, processing speed, and crystallized ability) and in general cognitive ability.Results: Physical frailty, but not pre-frailty, was associated with lower baseline levels of visuospatial ability, memory, processing speed, and general cognitive ability after control for age, sex, education, depressive symptoms, smoking, and number of chronic illnesses. Physical frailty was associated with greater decline in each cognitive domain: age- and sex-adjusted standardized regression coefficients (95% confidence intervals) were: -0.45 (-0.70, -0.20) for visuospatial ability, -0.32 (-0.56, -0.07) for memory, -0.47 (-0.72, -0.22) for processing speed, -0.43 (-0.68, -0.18) for crystallized ability, and -0.45 (-0.70, -0.21) for general cognitive ability. These associations were only slighted attenuated after additional control for other covariates. Conclusion: Physical frailty may be an important indicator of age-related decline across multiple cognitive domains. <br/
Cognitive abilities in later life and the onset of physical frailty:The Lothian Birth Cohort 1936
Full text linkObjectives: To investigate whether poorer cognitive ability is a risk factor for the development of physical frailty, and whether this risk varies by cognitive domain. Design: Prospective longitudinal study with six-year follow-up.Setting: Edinburgh, Scotland.Participants: 594 members of the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936.Measurements: Frailty was assessed at ages 70 and 76 using the Fried criteria. Cognitive functions were assessed at ages 70, 73, and 76. Factor score estimates were derived for baseline level of and change in four cognitive domains: visuospatial ability, memory, processing speed, and crystallized cognitive ability. Results: Higher baseline levels of processing speed, memory, visuospatial ability and crystallized ability derived from ages 70, 73 and 76, and less decline in speed, memory and crystallized ability were associated with a reduced risk of becoming physically frail by age 76. When all cognitive domains were modelled together, processing speed was only domain associated with frailty risk: for a standard deviation increment in initial level of processing speed, the relative risk for frailty (RR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) was 0.53 (0.33, 0.85), after adjustment for age, sex, baseline frailty status, social class, depressive symptoms, number of chronic physical diseases, levels of inflammatory biomarkers, and other cognitive factor score estimates; for a SD increment in processing speed change (i.e. less decline) the RR (95% CI) was 0.26 (0.16, 0.42). When we conducted additional analyses using a single test of processing speed that did not require fast motor responses—Inspection Time—results were similar.Conclusions: The speed with which older people process information and the rate at which this declines over time may be an important indicator of the risk of physical frailty. <br/
Sex differences in the adult human brain: Evidence from 5,216 UK Biobank participants
No full textSupplementary Tables for "Sex differences in the adult human brain: Evidence from 5,216 UK Biobank participants" by Ritchie et al. bioRxiv preprint available at: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/04/14/12372
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