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D-vitamiini mõju füüsilisele võimekusele Eesti Kaitseväe ajateenjatel
Get PDFVäitekirja elektrooniline versioon ei sisalda publikatsiooneD-vitamiinid e. kaltsiferoolid on rasvlahustuvate vitamiinide rühm, mis käituvad inimorganismis hormoonide sarnaselt. Tuntumad D-vitamiini vormid on loomse päritoluga D3 e. kolekatsiferool ja taimse päritoluga D2 e. ergokaltsiferool. 90 % inimkehas olevast D-vitamiinist tekib ultraviolettkiirguse toimel nahapinnale. Vaid 10-20 % saame loomse päritolu toidu kaudu ning ainult umbes 1% taimsete toiduainetega. D-vitamiini puuduse profülaktikaks kasutatakse veel lisamanustamist kapslite või õlina. D-vitamiini sisaldust hinnatakse inimekehas kaudselt 25(OH)D määramisega vereseerumis. D-vitamiini defitsiit on väga leivunud probleem, kuid ikkagi tuleb see sageli üllatusena, sest ka pikaajaline defistiit ei põhjusta enamikel inimestel tuntavaid füüsilis vaeguseid.
D-vitamiini on väga oluline luu metabolismis ning defitsiidi tingimustes tõuseb risk osteopeeniale ja osteoporoosile, luumurdudele, stressmurdudele ning lisaks immunsüsteemi funktsionihäiretele ja füüsilise töövõime langusele. D-vitamiini defitsiiti risk esineb kõigis vanusegruppides ning tõuseb väga suure füüsilise ja vaimse koormusega seotud tegevusaladel, mille hulka kuulub ka sõjaväeteenistus. Füüsiline võimekus on sõjaväes kriitilise tähtsusega nii väljaõppel kui ka missioonidel. D-vitamiiniga seotud uuringud näitavad vastukäivaid seoseid füüsilise võimekuse ja D-vitamiini defistiidi vahel.
Uuringu eesmärgiks oli hinnata D-vitamiini tasemeid erinevatel aastaaegadel, lisamanustamise mõju ja seoseid füüsilisele võimekusega Eesti ajateenijatel.
Uuringute käigus leidsime D-vitamiini defitsiiti juba suvekuudel ning olulist süvenemist kevadeks. Madalates annustes (kuni 1200IU) pikaajaline D-vitamiini profülaktika ei tõstnud vereseerumi 25(OH)D erinevalt 4000IU manustamisega, kus efekt oli selgelt positiivne. Sama uuringu käigus teostatud füüsilisse võimekuse testidel ei leitud uuringurühmades seoseid D-vitamiini defitsiidi ja füüsilise võimekuse vahel.
Doktoritöö tulemusena saame anda uusi soovitusi D-vitamiini defitsiidi profülaktikaks noortel meestel.D vitamins – calciferols - are a group of fat-soluble vitamins that behave similarly to hormones in the human body. The most well-known forms of vitamin D are animal-derived vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) and plant-derived vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol). Approximately 90% of the vitamin D in the human body is produced on the surface of the skin by the action of ultraviolet radiation, 10–20% is of animal origin, and only about 1% comes from plants. Supplementation in the form of capsules or oil is also used to prevent vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is assessed indirectly by determining blood serum 25(OH)D levels in the human body. Vitamin D deficiency is a very widespread problem, but it still often comes as a surprise, because even a long-term deficiency does not cause noticeable physical effects in most people.
Vitamin D is very important in bone metabolism, and in conditions of deficiency, the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis, bone fractures, stress fractures, and immune system dysfunction increases, and there is a reduction in physical work capacity. The risk of vitamin D deficiency occurs in all age groups and increases in occupations involving very high physical and mental stress, which includes military service. Physical fitness is critical in the military for both training and missions. Research shows conflicting associations between physical performance and vitamin D deficiency.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of vitamin D in different seasons, the effect of supplementation, and the relationship with physical performance in Estonian conscripts.
During the research, we found that there was already a vitamin D deficiency in the summer months which then tends to be worst by spring. Long-term vitamin D supplementation in low doses (up to 1200 IU) did not increase serum 25(OH)D, unlike the administration of 4000 IU, for which the effect was positive. In physical performance tests conducted during the same study, no correlations between vitamin D deficiency and physical capacity were found in the study groups.
As a result of the doctoral thesis, we can give new recommendations for the prevention of vitamin D deficiency in young men.https://www.ester.ee/record=b570252
Kaitseväe ajateenijate kehaline aktiivsus, alajäsemete vigastused ja põlveliigese valu: 2014-2016 aasta andmete analüüs = Physical activity, lower extremity injuries and knee joint pain in conscripts: analysis of 2014-2016 year data
Get PDFhttps://www.ester.ee/record=b5350706*es
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Knee joint condition and muscle function after cartilage repair with Hyalofast
No full textEesmärk: Käesoleva uurimistöö eesmärk oli hinnata subjektiivselt põlveliigese seisundit, põlveliigese liikuvust ja turset, põlveliigese sirutaja- ja painutajalihaste jõudu ja funktsionaalset võimekust ning nende omavahelisi seoseid harrastussportlastel vähemalt aasta möödumisel Hyalofast kõhreplastika operatsioonist.
Metoodika: Uuritavateks olid 11 harrastussportlast, kellel oli uuringu toimumise ajaks möödunud vähemalt üks aasta Hyalofast kõhreplastikast. Uuritavatega viidi läbi põlveliigese liikuvuse ja turse hindamine, põlveliigese sirutaja- ja painutajalihaste isokineetiline testimine, Y-tasakaalu test, ühe jala hüppetest ning uuritavatel paluti hinnata valu ja täita küsimustikud põlveliigese funktsiooni subjektiivseks hindamiseks. Lisaks kaasati uuringusse küsimustikud, mille uuritavad olid täitnud nii enne operatsiooni kui 12 kuud pärast operatsiooni.
Tulemused: Vähemalt üks aasta pärast operatsiooni oli uuritavate opereeritud (OP) põlveliigese maksimaalne sirutusamplituud 4,3±0,7° ja maksimaalne painutusamplituud 138,6±2,2°. Mitte ühelgi uuritaval ei esinenud OP põlveliigese piirkonnas turset. Opereeritud ja mitteopereeritud alajäseme (OP vs MOP) tulemuste võrdluses esines oluline erinevus järgmiste näitajate osas: põlveliigese sirutajalihaste maksimaalne jõumoment nurkkiirustel 60°/s (p<0,001) ja 180°/s (p<0,01), painutajalihaste maksimaalne jõumoment nurkkiirusel 60°/s (p<0,05), Y-tasakaalu test (p<0,05). Aasta pärast Hyalofast kõhreoperatsiooni suurenes Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) küsimustiku skoor ja langes Tampa kinesiofoobia skaala skoor oluliselt (p<0,05). Keskmine hinnang valule VAS skaalal vähemalt aasta möödumisel operatsioonist oli 1,5±0,3 palli. Suurem OP vs MOP põlveliigese sirutajalihaste jõudefitsiit oli seotud madalama KOOS küsimustiku tulemuse ja kõrgema valu hinnanguga.
Kokkuvõte: Vähemalt aasta pärast Hyalofast kõhreplastikat esineb OP vs MOP põlveliigese sirutaja- ja painutajalihaste jõudefitsiit, kuid uuritavate subjektiivne enesetunne ja hinnang põlveliigese funktsioonile on võrreldes preoperatiivse perioodiga paranenud. Väiksem jõudefitsiit on seotud kõrgema subjektiivse hinnangu ning väiksema valuga
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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